Escherichia coli-mediated palladium nanoparticle synthesis
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) offer a wide range of novel and exciting applications in catalysis, medicine, engineering, and electronics. Currently, these NPs are synthesized using conventional physical and chemical methods. These methods have several disadvantages as the physical methods usually require energy-intensive processes, and the chemical methods often involve harmful solvents or produce toxic by-products. Lately, more environmentally friendly approaches for the synthesis of NPs have emerged using microorganisms. Several bacteria were reported for their ability to biosynthesize Pd NPs. In this process, Pd ions are biologically transported into the bacterial cells and subsequently reduced to metallic Pd, forming Pd NPs. The current knowledge on the proteins, enzymes, or pathways involved in the transport and reduction of Pd is very limited, which hinders the ability to genetically engineer bacterial strains capable of producing Pd NPs with fine-tuned properties. This thesis provides new insights on the genes that might be responsible for the transport of Pd ions in E. coli, the toxicological effects of Pd, and the potential detoxification strategies that E. coli employ to deal with Pd stress. In addition, this thesis describes an E. coli-mediated approach for the synthesis of 1-2 nm Pd and Pd-Fe NPs displaying novel ferromagnetic properties. At the same time, this thesis shows different methods for the characterization of the magnetic properties of these NPs in biological samples.List of papers
Paper I. Joudeh, N., Saragliadis, A., Schulz, C., Voigt, A., Almaas, E., & Linke, D. (2021). Transcriptomic Response Analysis of Escherichia coli to Palladium Stress. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.741836. The article is included in the thesis. Also available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.741836 |
Paper II. Campaña, A. L., Joudeh, N., Høyer, H., Røyne, A., Linke, D., & Mikheenko, P. (2020). Probing van der Waals and magnetic forces in bacteria with magnetic nanoparticles. In 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties (NAP) (pp. 01NSSA03-1). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/NAP51477.2020.9309722. The article is not available in DUO due to publisher restrictions. The published version is available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/NAP51477.2020.9309722 |
Paper III. Claxton, J., Joudeh, N., Røyne, A., Linke, D., & Mikheenko, P. (2020). Sequential magnetic mapping of bacteria loaded with Pd-Fe nanoparticles. In 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties (NAP) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/NAP51477.2020.9309619. The article is not available in DUO due to publisher restrictions. The published version is available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/NAP51477.2020.9309619 |
Paper IV. Campaña, A. L., Joudeh, N., Mikheenko, P., & Linke, D. (2021). Magnetic decoration of Escherichia coli loaded with Palladium nanoparticles. In 2021 IEEE 11th International Conference Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties (NAP) (pp. 1-5). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/NAP51885.2021.9568523. The article is not available in DUO due to publisher restrictions. The published version is available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/NAP51885.2021.9568523 |
Paper V. Campaña, A. L., Joudeh, N., Merroun, M. L., Gomez-Bolivar J., Røyne, A., Linke, D., & Mikheenko, P. (2022). Characterization of Palladium-Iron Nanoparticles Produced by Escherichia coli Using Magnetic Force Microscopy. (Manuscript). To be published. The paper is not available in DUO awaiting publishing. |