The concept of school climate has received much attention as a predictor of educational outcomes, including students’ well-being, academic achievement, and motivation. To measure this concept, international large-scale ...

Technology acceptance has been widely discussed and examined in educational contexts. Despite the variety of models and measures describing teachers' technology acceptance, two key assumptions persist in the existing body ...

Der Erfassung von Unterrichtsqualität durch Beobachterratings ist in den letzten Jahren viel Aufmerksamkeit zuteilgeworden. Erste Evidenz liegt dabei auch zu deren Variabilität zwischen mehreren Unterrichtsstunden vor. ...

The aim of the research described in this paper was to identify qualitatively different profiles of teachers’ general pedagogical knowledge (GPK) as a central component of their competence. We applied a mixed Rasch model ...

Previous studies of fetal death with maternal influenza have been inconsistent. We explored the effect of maternal influenza-like illness (ILI) in pregnancy on the risk of fetal death, distinguishing between diagnoses ...

The estimation of high-dimensional latent regression item response theory (IRT) models is difficult because of the need to approximate integrals in the likelihood function. Proposed solutions in the literature include using ...

Previous studies has found that the youngest students perform more poorly, on average, than older peers in school. This phenomenon is known as the relative age effect (RAE). In Norway, the age difference within a grade ...

The ability to construct meaning from texts is the core of reading. We report a meta-analysis and a systematic review of 64 longitudinal studies tracing the development of reading comprehension from preschool. Previous ...

This meta-analysis maps the evidence on the effectiveness of instructional approaches and conditions for learning computer programming under three study conditions: (a) Studies focusing on the effectiveness of programming ...

The item response theory (IRT) framework is commonly used for scoring and equating in high stakes tests to classify individuals into performance categories. However, IRT model misspecification such as assuming unidimensional ...

Abstract There are multiple item characteristics, some unrelated to mathematics, that can have an impact on item difficulty. Research into the effect of item characteristics such as number of words and comparative language ...

Reporting the reliability of the scores obtained from a scale or test is part of the standard repertoire of empirical studies in psychology. With reliability being a key concept in psychometrics, researchers have become ...

Structural equation modelling (SEM) has become one of the most prominent approaches to testing substantive theories about the relations among observed and/or unobserved variables. Applying this multivariate procedure, ...

In diagnostic classification models (DCMs), the Q matrix encodes in which attributes are required for each item. The Q matrix is usually predetermined by the researcher but may in practice be misspecified which yields ...

The concept of school climate has received much attention as a predictor of educational outcomes, including students’ well-being, academic achievement, and motivation. To measure this concept, international large-scale ...

Previous research has demonstrated the potential of examining log‐file data from computer‐based assessments to understand student interactions with complex inquiry tasks. Rather than solely providing information about what ...

The goal of this study was to investigate sources of evidence of convergent validity supporting the construct interpretation of scores on a simulation-based information and communication technology (ICT) skills test. The ...

This doctoral thesis scrutinizes the content dimension of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) to explore: “What content-specific profiles can we obtain about the students’ strengths and ...

The increasing digitalization in the field of psychological and educational testing opens up new opportunities to innovate assessments in many respects (e.g., new item formats, flexible test assembly, efficient data ...

Context The ability to self‐monitor one's performance in clinical settings is a critical determinant of safe and effective practice. Various studies have shown this form of self‐regulation to be more trustworthy than ...

Die Fähigkeit, mathematische Inhalte in Spielsituationen der Kindertagesstätte zu identifizieren, um diese für eine angemessene Förderung mathematischer Kompetenzen bei Kindern zu nutzen, kann als ein wesentlicher Bestandteil ...

How teacher characteristics are related to student outcomes may indicate ways to improve the effectiveness of schooling. This paper examines how consistent such relations are by utilizing TIMSS data on five teacher ...

Obwohl die Befähigung zu eigenständiger Forschung ein zentrales Ziel des Studiums ist, fehlt es in den Sozialwissenschaften an einem theoretischen Modell von Forschungskompetenz. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein fach- ...

Accurate item calibration in models of item response theory (IRT) requires rather large samples. For instance, [Formula: see text] respondents are typically recommended for the two-parameter logistic (2PL) model. Hence, ...

Item context effects refer to the impact of features of a test on an examinee's item responses. These effects cannot be explained by the abilities measured by the test. Investigations typically focus on only a single type ...

A large research gap exists between psychological research about intelligence on the one hand and educational research about competence on the other hand. Both constructs are only rarely examined within one study. From an ...

The Openness-Fluid-Crystallized-Intelligence (OFCI) model describes how these different constructs interact over time. One fundamental element in the model is the Environmental Enrichment Hypothesis, which states that more ...

This study aims at modeling the self-reported test-taking motivation items in PISA and TIMSS Advanced studies for Swedish students using an IRT approach. In the last two cycles of the assessments, six test-specific items ...

It is currently not entirely clear to what degree the research on multidimensional computerized adaptive testing (CAT) conducted in the field of educational testing can be generalized to fields such as health assessment, ...

This article examines the stability of Norwegian prospective preschool teachers’ enjoyment of mathematics and their mathematics-related self-efficacy before, during, and after a teacher-education examination. In addition, ...

This article provides an overview of the R package lsasim, designed to facilitate the generation of data that mimics a large scale assessment context. The package features functions for simulating achievement data according ...

This study investigated regional and gender differences in academic achievement in Ethiopia, and examined whether these differences can be explained in terms of unequal educational opportunities (EO). Educational opportunity ...

A large body of literature suggests that attitudes toward technology and its educational use are important determinants of technology acceptance and integration in classrooms. At the same time, teachers' Technological, ...

Background: Progress testing is a longitudinal assessment that aims at tracking students' development of knowledge. This approach is used in many medical schools internationally. Although progress tests are longitudinal ...

In countries with universal access to early childhood education and care (ECEC), child participation is high across a range of socioeconomic groups. However, ECEC quality is often varying, and many children spend much time ...

Students are exposed to vast amounts of information and knowledge that is rapidly changing. This exposure requires them to be adaptive, that is, to constantly adjust their thinking, behavior, and even their affect to ...

Background Fair comparisons of educational systems in large-scale assessments can be made only if the differences in curricula have little impact on the outcomes. This study investigated the sensitivity ...

The development of a computerized adaptive test is considered a labor-intensive and time-consuming endeavor. This paper illustrates that this does not have to be the case—by demonstrating the steps taken, the decisions ...

The study presented in the paper has the following goals. The first is to review and compare teacher competence frameworks developed in Eastern (Chinese) and Western (German) contexts, exemplified for the domain of ...

The ability to offer constructive feedback to students concerning their errors is an indispensable requirement for mathematics teachers, for the purpose of providing cognitively challenging learning opportunities. However, ...

We applied latent class analysis and the rule space model to verify the cumulative characteristic of conceptual change by developing a learning progression for buoyancy. For this study, we first abstracted seven attributes ...

A new response time-based method for coding omitted item responses in computer-based testing is introduced and illustrated with empirical data. The new method is derived from the theory of missing data problems of Rubin ...

Position effects (PE) cause decreasing probabilities of correct item responses towards the end of a test. We analysed PEs in science, mathematics and reading tests administered in the German extension to the PISA 2006 study ...

Background The Faces Pain Scale-revised (FPS-r) has been developed as an interval scale. For other pain measurement instruments, several studies found evidence for and against an interval level of measurement. Object ...

Previous studies of individual differences have revealed strong correlations between children's vocabulary and grammatical abilities, and these data have been used to support theoretical accounts positing direct developmental ...

Hvilke roller har eksamen i norsk grunnopplæring? I Forskrift til opplæringslova framgår det blant annet at eksamenskarakteren skal fastsette kompetansen til eleven ved slutten av opplæringen i faget. Denne artikkelen viser ...

Artikkelen presenterer de mest sentrale verktøyene for kvalitetsmonitorering som har blitt innført som en del av det «Nasjonale kvalitetsvurderingssystemet for grunnopplæringen» (de nasjonale prøvene, kartleggingsprøvene ...

There is an increasing emphasis on the importance of social competence for children's development, well-being, and learning. Thus age- and context-appropriate measures are needed. This study addresses the structural validity ...

While most early childhood education and care (ECEC) programs taken to scale in the United States have served socially disadvantaged 3- to 5-years-olds, Norway scaled up universal ECEC from age 1. We investigated the ...

Children with conduct problems and callous-unemotional (CU) traits are at risk for multiple problems. Outcome research and mediation analyses testing for mechanisms of change in CU traits have been limited. We examined ...

As there is currently a marked increase in the use of both unidimensional (UCAT) and multidimensional computerized adaptive testing (MCAT) in psychological and health measurement, the main aim of the present study is to ...

TIMSS 1995 kan regnes som den første internasjonale undersøkelsen av sitt slag, og i de mer enn 20 årene som har gått, har vi sett en framvekst av flere og mer varierte internasjonale undersøkelser. I dette kapitlet gir ...

TIMSS-undersøkelsene har vist at norske elever på 4. og 8. trinn har hatt en framgang i matematikk- og naturfagprestasjoner siden 2003. Dette kom etter en tilsvarende stor tilbakegang fra 1995 til 2003. I dette kapitlet ...

I Norge går alle barn født det samme året på samme klassetrinn, med veldig få unntak. Dette betyr at forskjell i alder kan være bortimot tolv måneder på det samme trinnet. I idrett og utdanning viser eksisterende litteratur ...

Likeverd er et viktig aspekt ved norsk skole, og forskjeller i prestasjoner knyttet til hjemmebakgrunn er små i Norge sett i et internasjonalt perspektiv. Likevel er det mye som tyder på at dette kanskje er i ferd med å ...

Teaching practice and its representation by videos are a central part of many empirical studies concerning the field of teaching and learning. In order to analyze how videos can help to investigate aspects of teachers’ ...

Several approaches have been proposed for latent class modeling with external variables, including one-step, two-step, and three-step estimators. However, very little is known yet about the performance of these approaches ...

This study offers curriculum developers, teachers and science education researchers a fine-grained profile on strengths and weaknesses in specific science domains and topics. The study involved a representative sample of ...

Research on teacher noticing in the field of mathematics education research has increased in the last decade; however, only a few studies have investigated the social and cultural impact on teachers’ noticing. This paper ...

I dette kapitlet undersøker vi sammenhengene mellom læreres kvalitet, deres undervisningskvalitet samt -kvantitet og elevers prestasjoner i naturfag på 5. trinn. TIMSS 2015-rapporten undersøkte en del av disse relasjonene ...

The aim is to describe the development of achievement in compulsory school in the Nordic countries from the 1960s. The study relies on published results concerning literacy and numeracy from the international large-scale ...

Data about processes and outcomes of preschool teacher education is scarce. This paper examines the opportunities to learn (OTL) of prospective preschool teachers (N = 1,851) at different types and stages of preschool ...

Argumentation is considered crucial in numerous disciplines in schools and universities because it constitutes an important proficiency in peoples' daily and professional lives. However, it is unclear whether argumentation ...

Studies suggest that affluence poses a risk for adolescents, but this has rarely been studied outside the United States. We examined the unique and additive roles of family and school affluence for adolescent outcomes among ...

When children first enter school, they face simultaneous changes in their physical settings, social relationships, and learning expectations. The present study adds to the limited literature on children’s transitions from ...

Collaborative problem solving (ColPS) skills are considered crucial to succeed in work, education, and life in a knowledge-rich society. Nevertheless, research on the assessment of ColPS is at its initial stage; specifically, ...

This study aims at evaluating the psychometric properties of the antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) criteria in a large sample of patients, most of whom had one or more personality disorders (PD). PD diagnoses were ...

Background: Previous studies have found significant associations between maternal prenatal and postpartum depression and child behavior problems (CBP). The present study investigates whether associations remain in a ...

Many adolescents feel confident about using information and communication technology (ICT) and believe that it can help them to learn and achieve. However, recent research also shows that some adolescents are reporting ...

Literature reviews have concluded that extensive time in early child care is associated with frequent externalizing behavior problems in children. In this article, we address three domains of validity in the work underlying ...

Intelligence and complex problem solving (CPS) are two strongly overlapping constructs. In contrast to conventional intelligence tests, CPS-assessments provide process data concerning the interactions between the problem ...

This study examined the level, structure and cognitive, educational and psychological determinants of beliefs about the relevance and nature of mathematics, about gender-stereotypes with respect to mathematics abilities ...

Untersucht wird, inwieweit Unterrichtsvideos für den Erwerb situationsspezifischer Fähigkeiten im Bereich der Klassenführung sowie für den Zuwachs an pädagogischem Wissen bei Lehramtsstudierenden lernwirksamer sind als ...

Despite the frequent use of state-of-the-art psychometric models in the field of medical education, there is a growing body of literature that questions their usefulness in the assessment of medical competence. Essentially, ...

The Technological, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework – a framework which proposes a set of knowledge domains that are essential for effective teaching with technology – has gained considerable attention ...

I denne longitudinelle studien ble 131 grunnskolelærere (1. til 4. trinn) fulgt opp fra det siste året i lærerutdanningen og gjennom de fire første årene i lærerjobb. Lærerne tok standardiserte tester i matematikk ...

We provide a tutorial on differential item functioning (DIF) analysis, an analytic method useful for identifying potentially biased items in assessments. After explaining a number of methodological approaches, we test for ...

The depth of medical students’ knowledge of human anatomy is often controversially discussed. In particular, members of surgical disciplines raise concerns regarding deficits in the factual anatomical and topographical ...

Crafting a validity argument is crucial for the development of any assessment of ICT literacy. In about the context of studying gender differences in ICT literacy, it has therefore become essential to ensure that gender ...

Current debates on students' use of information and communication technology (ICT) have brought to attention profiles and purposes of ICT use in either school-related or recreational contexts. Examining these two contexts ...

Assessment matters. Indeed, scientific progress largely depends on the extent to which assessments can provide reliable and valid measures of variables – be it well-defined and observable variables in the natural sciences ...

Technology and computers change and penetrate our lives to an extent that was unthinkable 30 years ago, and it is the mission of Computers in Human Behavior to advance our knowledge on how humans interact with, make use ...

Few studies have focused on the importance of peers for child language development in the preschool years. The aim of this study was to assess whether peer expressive language skills predict language ability of preschool-aged ...

The final version of this research has been published in Science Education. © 2017 Wiley

Computer-based assessments open up new possibilities to measure constructs in authentic settings. They are especially promising to measure 21st century skills, as for instance information and communication technologies ...

In computerized adaptive testing (CAT), item parameter estimates are assumed to be known and valid for all the positions that items can be presented on in the test. This assumption is problematic since item parameter ...

Although multidimensional adaptive testing (MAT) has been proven to be highly advantageous with regard to measurement efficiency when several highly correlated dimensions are measured, there are few operational assessments ...

Background: Maternal postpartum distress is often construed as a marker of vulnerability to poor parenting. Less is known, however, about the impact of postpartum distress on parenting an infant born prematurely. The present ...

To investigate the domain-specifi city of research competencies, higher education students from the social sciences were assessed with a standardized test in four disciplines: (a) sociology, (b) political science, (c) ...

The present paper aims to discuss how data from international large-scale assessments (ILSAs) can be utilized and combined, even with other existing data sources, in order to monitor educational outcomes and study the ...

Purpose: Examining item usage is an important step in evaluating the performance of a computerized adaptive test (CAT). We study item usage for a newly developed multidimensional CAT which draws items from three PROMIS ...