Background Using high-dimensional penalized regression we studied genome-wide DNA-methylation in bone biopsies of 80 postmenopausal women in relation to their bone mineral density (BMD). The women showed ...

This master thesis will demonstrate how to price perpetual American options with linear programming. American options are used both for hedging and speculation, and being able to price derivatives, without creating arbitrage ...

The objective of this thesis is to give a description of the rough stochastic volatility modelling based on fractional Brownian motion with Hurst exponent H less than 1/2, as well as the corresponding pricing model. ...

Let A be an n × n (0, ∗)-matrix, so each entry is 0 or ∗. An A-interval matrix is a (0, 1)-matrix obtained from A by choosing some ∗’s so that in every interval of consecutive ∗’s, in a row or column of A, exactly one ∗ ...

Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide where it is the second leading cause of death. To improve safety and efficacy of anti-cancer drugs with less side effects, nanoparticles (NPs) have been studied heavily. ...

We investigate the Smith Normal Form (SNF) of alternating sign matrices (ASMs) and related matrices of 0’s and 1’s ((0, 1)-matrices). We identify certain classes of ASMs and (0, 1)-matrices whose SNFs are (0, 1)-matrices. ...

In this paper we show that, with respect to the L2 norm, three classes of functions in Hr(0,1) , defined by certain boundary conditions, admit optimal spline spaces of all degrees ≥r−1 , and all these spline spaces ...

We prove some fundamental results like localization, excision, Nisnevich descent, and the regular blow-up formula for the algebraic K-theory of certain stack quotients of schemes with affine group scheme actions. We show ...

Når man estimerer effekten av en bestemt behandling eller eksponering på utfall i kohortstudier, og observasjonsstudier generelt, gir ikke standard metoder korrekte resultater i nærvær av ukontrollert konfundering. Matching ...

In this thesis we implement and employ a simplex spline basis developed by Cohen, Lyche, and Riesenfeld for the space of C1 quadratic splines on the Powell–Sabin 12-split of a triangle. A matrix recursion is used for ...

We introduce algebraic dynamical systems, which consist of an action of a right LCM semigroup by injective endomorphisms of a group. To each algebraic dynamical system we associate a C*-algebra and describe it as a semigroup ...

We discuss the internal structure of graph products of right LCM semigroups and prove that there is an abundance of examples without property (AR). Thereby we provide the first examples of right LCM semigroups lacking ...

The classical maximum principle for optimal stochastic control states that if a control û is optimal, then the corresponding Hamiltonian has a maximum at u=û. The first proofs for this result assumed that the control did ...

Given a non-principal ultrafilter, we define and prove properties of ultralimits of measure spaces (including σ-algebras, filtrations and measures), random variables and discrete-time stochastic processes. Among other ...

We use Matsui and Takeuchi's formula for toric A-discriminants to give algorithms for computing local Euler obstructions and dual degrees of toric surfaces and 3-folds. In particular, we consider weighted projective spaces. ...

If a number of candidate variables are available, variable selection is a key task aiming to identify those candidates which influence the outcome of interest. Methods as backward elimination, forward selection, etc. are ...

In biomedical research, boosting-based regression approaches have gained much attention in the last decade. Their intrinsic variable selection procedure and ability to shrink the estimates of the regression coefficients ...

Given a finite-dimensional Hilbert space H and a collection of operators between its tensor powers satisfying certain properties, we give a short proof of the existence of a compact quantum group G with a fundamental ...

In this PhD thesis problems of Bayesian model selection and model averaging are addressed in various regression contexts. The approaches developed within the thesis are based on the idea of marginalizing out parameters ...

Aims To the best of our knowledge, there are no systematic reviews or meta‐analyses that compare rasagiline, selegiline and safinamide. Therefore, we aimed to perform a drug class review comparing all available monoamine ...

The properties of directional distributions in ocean wave spectra are studied, with an emphasis on sea states with bimodal directional distributions in the high-frequency tails of single-peaked wave systems. A peak-splitting ...

The timing of cardiac events is essential for the analysis of certain components of myocardial function [36]. Finding an algorithm that detects these timings has therefore been the subject of several studies[36]. In this ...

This study comprises the analysis and the interpretation of the coherent and the noncoherent parts of a coherent-on-receive microwave radar at grazing incidence conditions. The Doppler measurement is an extension of standard ...

For large multicomponent systems it is typically too costly to monitor the entire system constantly. In the present paper we consider a case where a component is unobserved in a time interval [0, T]. Here T is a stochastic ...

Slippery runways represent a significant risk to aircrafts especially during the winter season. In order to apply the appropriate braking action, the pilots need reliable information about the runway conditions. Unfortunately ...

This thesis investigates cubic hypersurfaces and their Fano schemes. After introducing the Fano schemes through low-dimensional examples, we move on to investigate cubic fourfolds. For the cubic fourfolds, we give complete ...

Stratified air-water flow in a horizontal pipe is investigated experimentally using particle image velocimetry and conductance probes. This flow regime is characterized by a complex interplay between a turbulent airflow ...

The main idea of this paper is to use the notion of buffered failure probability from probabilistic structural design, first introduced by Rockafellar & Royset (2010), to introduce buffered environmental contours. Classical ...

Recommender systems are algorithms that suggest content or products to users on the internet. These are becoming ever more important due to the massive growth of content on popular web sites, yet their design is often only ...

Extreme wave statistics of unidirectional and counter-propagating seas are investigated, for the special case of long-crested irregular waves, with laboratory experiments and with numerical simulations using the higher ...

Solvency II er et forsikringsdirektiv som kontrollerer all forsikringsdrift i EU/EØS. Direktivet innebærer kontrollering av kapitalreserven, SCR, for hver av forsikringsselskapets porteføljer. Dette for å sikre forbrukerens ...

A Heron triangle is a triangle with integer sides and integer area. A rational triangle is a triangle with rational sides and area. We will set out to prove van Luijks Theorem, that there exist infinitely many non-similar ...

The recent results on non-uniqueness of the Euler equations, all based on the theory developed in the papers by Camillo De Lellis and László Székelyhidi Jr., are believed to be connected to the theory of turbulent fluid ...

In this master thesis we will prove Dirichlet's theorem on primes in arithmetic progressions. The theorem states that there are an infinite number of primes in every primitive residue class modulo any positive number q, ...

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) occurs in ~10 % of myocardial infarction (MI) patients. These patients have higher in-hospital mortality and increased risk to lethal arrhythmias. The susceptibility for VF during acute MI and ...

Denne oppgaven handler om beregning av risiko for forsikringsutbetalinger ved vindkatastrofer, og hvordan Solvency II gir en forenklet måte å beregne kapitalkrav som skal sikre selskapene fra insolvens med 99.5% sikkerhet. ...

In this thesis we begin by looking at polynomials of m n x n matrices invariant under simultaneous conjugation. Thereafter we connect the invariant polynomials to simple representations of noncommutative plane curves, ...

The field of compressive sensing is a modern field in applied mathematics which receives a lot of attention. In this thesis, we will give some insight into the iterative algorithms used in compressive sensing. We will study ...

We propose a non-Gaussian operator-valued extension of the Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard stochastic volatility dynamics, defined as the square-root of an operator-valued Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process with Lévy noise and ...

Modeling of the blood flow in and around aneurysms with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is important to better understand why aneurysms form and rupture. CFD modeling requires an accurate representation of the ...

Longitudinal data arise when repeated measurements are taken on individuals over time. Commonly used models for such data are multivariate linear models, linear mixed effect models and generalised linear mixed models. This ...

Regression analysis is a commonly used approach to modelling the relationships between dependent and independent variables. When estimating the coefficients of a regression model, the least squares estimator is often used, ...

The bidomain and monodomain models describing cardiac electrophysiology are computationally demanding to solve. Employing efficient numerical methods is therefore important for the practical use of these models. In this ...

In this thesis, we consider the mod 2 homology of Q≥0S0 as an E∞ space and show the following. The homologies H*Q≥0S0 and H*C∞S0 are isomorphic as free commutative /2-algebras. The homology H*Q≥0S0 is generated as an ...

Powersum varieties, also called varieties of sums of powers, have provided examples of interesting relations between varieties since their first appearance in the 19th century. One of the most useful tools to study them ...

Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) are used for inference and prediction in a wide range of different applications providing a powerful scientific tool. An increasing number of sources of data are becoming available, ...

Reinsurance is a risk management tool for insurance companies, as it allows for transferring some of the insurance risk to reinsurance companies. From the insurer's perspective, a reinsurance contract may lead to more ...

Compressed sensing is the study of solving underdetermined systems of linear equations with unique sparse solutions. In addition to this, applications of compressed sensing require that the number of rows of the measurement ...

Applying the computational fluid dynamics software openFoam, we study dead water resistance on a barge. Dead water resistance is the extra drag due to internal waves in the interface between salt water and fresh water. For ...

This graduate thesis has been devoted to the examination of spectral methods. The object of the research is to analyse the accuracy and precision of different numerical schemes developed on the basis of mathematical models ...

Computational fluid dynamics, with the software OpenFOAM, has ben used to investi- gate the dead water phenomenon. Investigation was done by simulating a barge moving in stratified waters. Comparison of the turbulence ...

In this thesis, we consider models for survival data with a high-dimensional covariate space. Most models used for such datasets are based on the Cox regression model, of which a critical assumption is that the hazard ...

Usikkerhet rundt menneskers fremtidige levealder resulterer i stor risiko for livsforsikringsselskap. Retningslinene for kalkulering av slik risiko er satt av EU-kommisjonen og heter Solvency II. Denne oppgaven vil presenteres ...

This study presents a statistical analysis of interfacial waves in a turbulent stratified air-water flow inside a 10 cm diameter pipe. Wave elevation measurements were acquired using conductance probes with high sampling ...

Quantum groups are a noncommutative extension of the notion of a group and first appeared in the context of quantum mechanics. Now the theory of quantum groups has further developed and has become interesting in its own ...

In this paper, we study strongly robust optimal control problems under volatility uncertainty. In the G-framework, we adapt the stochastic maximum principle to find necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of ...

In this paper, we study the dynamics of a certain Hodgkin-Huxley model describing the action potential (AP) of a cardiac muscle cell for a better understanding of the occurrence of a special type of cardiac arrhythmia, the ...

The potential and density wake behind a finite-sized object in a magnetized collisionless plasma flow is studied with self-consistent numerical simulations. With increasing magnetization of the plasma, the standard picture ...

This article studies singular mean field control problems and singular mean field two-players stochastic differential games. Both sufficient and necessary conditions for the optimal controls and for the Nash equilibrium ...

It is argued that the accuracy of risk aggregation in Solvency II can be improved by updating skewness recursively. A simple scheme based on the log-normal distribution is developed and shown to be superior to the standard ...

As modern biotechnologies advance, it has become increasingly frequent that different modalities of high-dimensional molecular data (termed “omics” data in this paper), such as gene expression, methylation, and copy number, ...

We show that the Cuntz splice induces stably isomorphic graph C∗-algebras. This result is a key step towards the recent complete classification of unital graph C∗-algebras both with respect to K-theoretical classification ...

We study methods for solving stochastic control problems of systems offorward–backward mean-field equations with delay, in finite and infinite time horizon.Necessary and sufficient maximum principles under partial information ...

By a memory mean-field process we mean the solution X(\cdot ) of a stochastic mean-field equation involving not just the current state X(t) and its law \mathcal {L}(X(t)) at time t, but also the state values X(s) and its ...

Influential points can cause severe problems when deriving a multivariable regression model. A novel approach to check for such points is proposed, based on the variable inclusion matrix, a simple way to summarize results ...

In recent years, renewable energy has gained importance in producing power in many markets. The aim of this article is to model photovoltaic (PV) production for three transmission operators in Germany. PV power can only ...

Given a discrete quantum group H with a finite normal quantum subgroup G, we show that any positive, possibly unbounded, harmonic function on H with respect to an irreducible invariant random walk is G-invariant. This ...

Background: Recent large-scale undertakings such as ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics have generated experimental data mapped to the human reference genome (as genomic tracks) representing a variety of functional elements ...

We prove that all moment varieties of univariate Gaussian mixtures have the expected dimension. Our approach rests on intersection theory and Terracini’s classification of defective surfaces. The analogous identifiability ...

An alternating sign matrix, or ASM, is a (0, ±1)-matrix where the nonzero entries in each row and column alternate in sign. We generalize this notion to hypermatrices: an n × n × n hypermatrix A = [aijk] is an alternating ...

Conventional 2D medical ultrasound imaging is based on analyzing the backscatter (echoes) from multiple, focused, transmitted acoustic beams. Most imaging systems are very similar in the way they create and record beams. ...

The final publication is available at IOS Press through http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/COM-170081

Computational models of cardiac mechanics, personalized to a patient, offer access to mechanical information above and beyond direct medical imaging. Additionally, such models can be used to optimize and plan therapies ...

The air-sea gas transfer velocity k is frequently estimated as an empirical function of wind speed. However, it is widely recognized that k depends on processes other than wind speed alone. The small-eddy model, which ...

We study the problem of optimal insider control of an SPDE (a stochastic evolution equation) driven by a Brownian motion and a Poisson random measure. Our optimal control problem is new in two ways: - The controller has ...

We show that a cubic fourfold F that is apolar to a Veronese surface has the property that its variety of power sums V SP ( F, 10) is singular along a K 3 surface of genus 20 which is the variety of power sums of a sextic ...

Waves propagating below drift ice were observed in the North-West Barents Sea. In-situ measurements of ice and water characteristics were performed with the equipment deployed on the ice and in the water below the ice ...

We study the problem of convergence to the boundary in the setting of random walks on discrete quantum groups. Convergence to the boundary is established for random walks on SU\q(2). Furthermore, we will define the Martin ...

We study how the geometry of a projective variety X is reflected in the positivity properties of the diagonal ΔX considered as a cycle on X×X. We analyze when the diagonal is big, when it is nef, and when it is rigid. In ...

The spatial and temporal development of shear-induced overturning billows associated with breaking internal solitary waves is studied by means of a combined laboratory and numerical investigation. The waves are generated ...