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Now showing items 1-100 of 240
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2008)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
Abstract
Back ground: Associations between major CVD risk factors and CVD have been reported to be similar among different populations in different regions of the world. But cardiovascular risk profiles differ in different ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2001)
Only a small proportion of women in developing countries –less than 30% -receive adequate postpartum care (WHO 1998). In very poor countries and regions, as few as 5% of women receive such care. A large proportion of ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
Summary
Background: Medication is the major weapon for successful prevention and treatment of illnesses in modern societies. This makes access to effective medicines and their rational use fundamental to the provision of ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
ABSTRACT
Background and Aims: Global distribution, determinants, and financial aspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus from data in developed countries depict it as a major health problem increasing at an alarming rate. But ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
Abstract
Title: HIV-related Stigmatization: Experiences from women enrolled in a Mother-to-child of HIV Prevention Program in Malawi
Researcher: Viva Combs Thorsen
Supervisors: Johanne Sundby, MD, MPH (Professor, ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
ABSTRACT
Background: China is making efforts to reduce maternal mortality. But there are still over ten thousand women who die of maternal causes every year. Research on underlying factors of maternal mortality is insufficient. ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
ABSTRACT
Background. Neurodevelopmental impairment (NI) is a serious problem because it not only affects the individual s quality of life but it also decreases the future s human resources for the entire society. Early ...
(Doctoral thesis / Doktoravhandling, 2008)
Activities of Daily Living (ADL) are among the first achievements in childhood, and provide a sense of mastery, independence and social approval for the child. Self-dependence in everyday living skills is important to ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Background: Priorities of researches, policies and programmes to prevent and reduce diseases and injuries should be properly based on adequate information about the nature and extent of the health situation. National ...
(Doctoral thesis / Doktoravhandling, 1984)
Avhandlingen ble utgitt som Rapport nr 1, 1984, i rapportserie hos Gruppe for helsetjenesteforskning, Statens institutt for folkehelse.
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
ABSTRACT
Distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages, Overview in Northern - Vietnam
Author: Pham Trung M.D.
Supervisors: Gunnar Bjune, Prof., M.D., Ph.D.; Ulf R. Dahle, Senior scientist
Co-supervisors: Vu ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
Abstract
Title: Getting it right? Women's sexual-and reproductive health and health services in Darfur, Sudan. A qualitative study
Researcher: Sara Rivenes
Supervisor: Prof. Johanne Sundby
Background: There are 25 million ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Introduction:
Early marriage is both socially and culturally accepted in Shivgarh, a rural area of Uttar Pradesh, India. About 61.1% of all rural women residing in this province are married before they reach the age of ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
DELAY OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF NEW SMEAR POSITIVE PULMONARY TB IN RURAL AREA; GAZIERA STATE, SUDAN
Mohammed A. S.*, Bjune G. **, and El Sony A. I. ***
*EpiLab, Khartoum, Sudan, MPhil International Community Health, ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Background: Gynecological fistula is an international public health problem afflicting many women in the poor countries of Africa and south Asia. Although the magnitude is unknown, it is believed to be a great problem in ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
Introduction:
In the Chinese community, rapid urbanization, sedentary life style, stress, smoking and changes in dietary may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Studies conducted in China showed an increasing prevalence ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
Malaria is one of the most challenging problems in the tropical parts of the world, causing about 1.5 to 2.7 million deaths annually. Ninety percent of these deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa and 5% of children die from ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
Background: This study investigated the relationship between family background and adolescent sexuality among secondary school students in Botswana.
Objective: Controlling for individual, household, and community level ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
Background. The investigation aims to explore the factors giving rise to the development of persistent diarrhoea (PD) and to find out the prevalence of persistent diarrhoea and Giardia lamblia in children aged 6 to 23 ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2005)
ABSTRACT
This study starts out with recent global immunisation history; the success in achieving high immunisation coverage, and later the failure to sustain the same. With this in mind, the study is looking into effects ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) most of which progress to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing world wide. An apprehensive increase of GDM is also observed in Bangladesh in line with growing ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
BACK GROUND: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in the whole world and in Palestine. Prevention of the disease would help to stop the epidemic. Education is an important element in diabetes prevention and treatment. ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
A cross sectional study using both quantitative and qualitative approaches was carried out in Assosa Town, Ethiopia (2001-2002) to investigate what proportion of couples were discussing about family planning, if there was ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2005)
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion continue to be a major public health problem in Uganda. This study has demonstrated that the problem of abortion is still on the increase ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Background: Information on prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in Ethiopian prisons is non-existent, despite its highly endemic nature. So, the aim of this study was to determine prevalence and associated risk factors for ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2001)
Objective: To assess the quality of care midwives provide to clients during the postpartum period.
Design: A cross sectional descriptive qualitative and quantitative survey among 65 practising registered nurse midwives. ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2003)
This study aims to recognize and describe the self-perceived working conditions for immigrants and their experiences performing blue-collar work at Rikshospitalet, the national hospital of Norway.
Reasons for this study ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
Abstract
Tanzania like other Sub Saharan African countries is having high HIV prevalence. Adolescents are among the risk groups. So far studies focusing on long term survey of primary school pupils HIV/AIDS knowledge, ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Aim: Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) is more common among Han Chinese immigrants who have immigrated from inland China (from low altitude to high altitude Tibet) than among native Tibetans living at the same altitude. The ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2004)
Background: Available evidences show that Nepal has now entered into a concentrated HIV epidemic phase, as HIV prevalence is found above 5% among CSWs, IDUs. Studies show that mobility is one of the factors behind wide ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
Abstract
This short follow-up study was part of a larger prospective cohort of clients followed up for 18 months in a prevention of mother-to-child transmission program in Lilongwe-Malawi. It was set out to investigate ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2004)
A community based cross-sectional study inquiring into determinants and correlates of sexual risk taking was conducted from June to December 2003. The objective of the study was describing sexual behavior and assessing ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2004)
Delay in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) causes more severe illness, more complication and an increased period of infectivity in the community. A study in Amhara region in 2001 showed that, among those who had history ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
AIMS:
To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and its relationship with diabetes in a tsunami affected and a non affected area in Sri Lanka, 3 years after tsunami catastrophe.
Methods:
A total of 740 people ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
Abstract
Background:
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is important for effective treatment. Little is known about barriers and facilitators to ART in Zambia. The aim of the study was to gain knowledge about ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Organ donation and transplantation is about bodies and body parts. It is about life, death, and the range of social experiences and relationships that fill the spaces between the beginning and end of a life. The study is ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Background: Evidence-based obstetric care is widely advocated for in developing countries. However, the success of its implementation is not well documented. Selected normal childbirth practices in the main referral hospital ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
OBJECTIVE — To observe the implementation of American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines for care of type 2 diabetics at Peripheral Diabetes Clinics (PDCs) in Karachi, Pakistan.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS — The study ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
ABSTRACT
Factors influencing the utilization of research findings by health policy-makers in a developing country: a case study of Mali’s essential medicines list
Author: Michael A. Albert
Supervisor: Atle Fretheim
Co ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
Introduction; this study explores cultural beliefs and coping behaviour of families with pre-school disabled children; using culture as one of its variables. It focuses on the household and sees coping with care for a ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
BACKGROUND: The increase of communicable and non- communicable diseases in Africa and the world today have been attributed to changes in human behaviour and lifestyles in generally susceptible individuals. Cameroonian ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2004)
Objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence, maternal complications and perinatal outcomes of pregnancy in patients with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP).
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
It is widely recognized that HIV and AIDS related stigma is a hindrance to provision of care and prevention efforts globally. Malawi being one of the countries with a high HIV prevalence rate in the sub-Saharan region has ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2009)
Background
Bullying is a widespread and serious problem that might influence both mental and psychical well being as well as school performance and social life. The aim of this study was to describe the ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2007)
Background
Communication training builds on the assumption that understanding of the concepts related to professional communication facilitates the training. We know little about whether students' knowledge ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2006)
Background
An increasing proportion of immigrants to Western countries in the past decade are from war affected countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of war experience among ...
(Doctoral thesis / Doktoravhandling, 2007)
Due to recent insight into the relation between fetal nutrition and health of the child both early and later in life, assessment of maternal diet has become an integral part of pregnancy and birth cohort studies. A new ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Background
Hairdressers are exposed to chemicals and work tasks which may be harmful to their health. Studies have shown that this group of working women have a high incidence of both asthma and skin problems. The information ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Background: Non-adherence to treatment poses a challenge to tuberculosis (TB)
treatment since it increases the risk of drug resistance, death, relapse and prolonged
infectiousness. TB patients co-infected with human ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2003)
Transmission of HIV in breast milk is well established, but public health approaches to its prevention in resource poor setting remain problematic. HIV-infected women are advised to avoid breastfeeding if possible, otherwise ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2003)
Background: There is much evidence from epidemiological studies of a link between poor realization of genetic growth potential in utero and elevated risk of some adult diseases. The associations between low birth weight ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
Intestinal worm infections are prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas, and are, from a public health perspective, a significant cause of morbidity in many areas. Factors that contribute to spreading infections are ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2003)
This study was undertaken to assess the extent of pollution of water and contamination of vegetables grown by irrigation with polluted river water. The study was done in the Akaki and Mekanisa areas of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion, 2007)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
Settings: The study was carried out in 4 administrative territories of the North-western federal region of Russia Federation. Namely, in Arkhangelsk oblast, Murmansk oblast, Republic of Karelia, and Republic of Komi.
Study ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Objective: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and retinopathy in people with normal and abnormal glucose metabolism in rural Bangladesh and to identify the associated risk factors for developing diabetes ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
ABSTRACT
Background: The vulnerability to HIV and AIDS of school children and youth in general raised the need for school-based prevention programs that encourage safe sexual behaviour. This study was conducted as a ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
Rationale for the Study: The Gambia, a small and poor Country in West Africa. Health is one of the key pillars in the agenda of the Gambia government. Spending has been increased from 13.6% in 2001 to 4.95% in 2003. Public ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
Background
Undernutrition is unacceptably high in developing countries, with Sub Saharan Africa featuring second to South-east Asia. Malawi, like many other countries, is experiencing unacceptably high undernutrition levels, ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
Abstract
Background : Sedentary lifestyle along with easy access to fast foods have resulted in a global epidemic of diabetes with a prediction that it will rise from the current estimate of 190 million to 324 million in ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2004)
Background: More than half of adults living with HIV today are women Worldwide. In Tanzania HIV prevalence was about 1.5 times higher for women than men among blood donors (12.5% and 9.1% respectively). While care and ...
Experiences and reflections from a lifestyle intervention to prevent diabetes among women with Pakistani background in Oslo, Norway Restricted Access
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
This thesis is a qualitative study, exploring the experiences of project workers and participants in the lifestyle intervention InnvaDiab in Oslo, Norway. The target group of the intervention was immigrant women with ...
Food Intake of Selenium and Sulphur AminoAcids in Tuberculosis Patients and Healthy Adults in Malawi
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
Background
Tuberculosis is a world wide pandemic and a major problem for people in low income countries. The intracellular infection has a bidirectional link with under nutrition, and wasting is a common symptom of the ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
In a public health perspective there has been a strong focus on HIV/AIDS and STDs when addressing the health of sex workers. However, a more holistic approach to the topic of sex work and health has been called for, both ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION
At the end of 2007 an estimated 2.1 million children were living with HIV/AIDS, and 2 million of those were in sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated that 90% of children living with HIV acquired ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2005)
Background. Mobile Rural Workers have been widely concern as potential source of
new HIV infections in China, due to the nature of the mobility and magnitude of the
population.
Objective. The study aimed at assessing ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
ABSTRACT
Socio-cultural perceptions and practices of dietary choices with focus on fat intake in middle aged Pakistani women in Oslo – a qualitative study
Introduction: The nutritional transition has resulted globally in ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2005)
Aim: Asthma is a common chronic condition in both children and adults worldwide and it has a high socio-economic cost. Little is known about asthma in Tibet and especially about asthma in rural and high altitude parts of ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
ABSTRACT
Background: The HIV/AIDS scourge continues to take its toll all over the world. All countries of the world are affected. Regions of the world that were previously thought to have the lowest prevalence’s are now ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2004)
Objectives: To describe the quality of life of women participating in the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) program and how it has influenced their coping towards risky sexual behaviors.
Methods: ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
The aim of the thesis was to asses whether global strategies to introduce new vaccines result in new practices at country level and to find out whether implementation of the new vaccine requires changes in the existing ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Background and purpose. The relationship between paediatric HIV infection and neurodevelopment has been studied largely in developed countries even if the burden of paediatric HIV is in Sub -Sahara Africa. This study ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Background: HIV/AIDS has the potential to become a leading cause of death in Nepal. The around 30,000 street youth here are especially vulnerable to HIV as they share characteristics with and closely interact with higher ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Mental health has become an increasingly important concern in our society with more and more psychological disorders affecting the younger population. Moreover, the prevalence and seriousness of psychological disorder ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
Results
The cases had significantly lower plasma concentrations of selenium than the controls, but there were no significant differences in plasma concentrations of glutathione between the two groups. Body mass index was ...
(Doctoral thesis / Doktoravhandling, 2008)
Tobacco smoking, and chronic neck and shoulder pain are major public health problems in the modern society, and both lack effective treatments. This thesis presents two trials focusing on acupuncture as a treatment for ...
(Doctoral thesis / Doktoravhandling, 2009)
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs are environmental pollutants formed during incomplete combustion of organic material, found attached to particulate matter (PM) in ambient air. PM has been associated ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
Summary
Risk factors associated with diarrhoeal disease and diarrheagenic E. coli disease
in Duc Giang Hospital, north-eastern corner of Ha Noi, Viet Nam
Background:
Diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) disease is more prevalent ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Background: Malawi has one of the highest maternal mortality levels in the world. Maternal deaths are to a large extent preventable. Provision of quality emergency obstetric care has been advocated as one of the most ...
(Doctoral thesis / Doktoravhandling, 2009)
There is an increasing interest in instruments that assess health status, functional status and health related quality of life. The ICF-based Norwegian Function Assessment Scale (NFAS) represents an instrument for ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2004)
Background: Conflicts and wars in several areas in Indonesia had caused a large number of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) and 70% of IDPs are children and women. IDPs adolescent is a vulnerable group of having mental ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate associations between serum Clara cell protein concentrations, among a population of elderly men in Oslo, Norway, and exposures to ambient air pollutants.
METHODS: A variety of ...
(Doctoral thesis / Doktoravhandling, 2008)
Mot slutten av 1700-tallet hadde Norge ikke sitt eget universitet, landet var ennå ingen
selvstendig nasjon, men vi hadde vår egen sykdom, nemlig ”den norske radesyken”. Den foreliggende avhandling tar for seg radesykens ...
(Research report / Forskningsrapport, 2007)
NAFKAM skriftserie nr. 4
Ideen om grønne paviljonger på sykehus ble lansert i forbindelse med TV-aksjonen som samlet inn penger til Kreftforeningen i 1998 i form av et forsknings- og utviklingsprosjekt. Aarbakkeutvalget ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Copperbelt province of Zambia
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious public health problem in Zambia. The long treatment (DOTS) patients have to undergo is challenging, and poor communication between TB patients and ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Objective: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and retinopathy in people with normal and abnormal glucose metabolism in rural Bangladesh and to identify the associated risk factors for developing diabetes ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
Development of an effective vaccine against HIV has faced great challenges due to the great genetic diversity of the virus. However, in different geographical areas candidate vaccines based on the prevalent HIV-1 subtype(s) ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2001)
This is a study to explore the knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning among men in Ngara district Tanzania. The first objective of the study was to assess the knowledge of different contraceptive methods and ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Rationale for the study: The Maternal Mortality Ratio was estimated to 690 /100 000 in 2005. This lies above the average for the other countries with comparable income. (8) To reduce the MMR it is vital to increase the ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2001)
Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are the most common infection among surgical patients. SSI causes patient morbidity and mortality. Local nosocomial infection surveillance and prevention programs are reported to ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
SETTING: Khartoum, Gazira and camps for displaced people
OBJECTIVES: To find the extent of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Sudan and to estimate the association between drug resistance-TB and proportion of new cases ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2003)
Rationale Mother to child transmission of HIV is the predominant manner in which children acquire HIV. UNAIDS estimates 1800 HIV infected infants continue to be born every day in the developing world. In the absence of any ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2003)
Background. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the general
population is alarming. Studies on musculoskeletal pain in clinical
settings and in the community show that there exists a relationship
between widespread ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2003)
Background: Data on adolescent nutritional status in Palestine are not available, although adolescents represent one-fourth of the Palestinian population. Nutritional needs of adolescents as a group have been largely ignored ...
(Doctoral thesis / Doktoravhandling, 2008)
While traffic-related particulate air pollution has been associated with both exacerbation and development of asthma and allergic diseases, little is known about the health effects of wood smoke particles.<br>
The purpose ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2002)
Rationale: Mali is one of the poorest countries in the world with a GDP of 260 USD per capita. The public health expenditure was 10.2% of the GDP in 1999. 59% of the population has access to health facility within 15 km ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2001)
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a big and growing health problem in most developing countries. In Vietnam, the intensity of spread of tubercle bacilli seems to increase with a higher number of TB patients detected year by year ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
Background: Child undernutrition is a major health problem and an important risk factor for child mortality as more than 50% of deaths among children under five are either a direct or indirect attributable to undernutrition. ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2001)
Background: Most refugees live in low-income countries. More than one hundred thousand Bhutanese refugees have been living in Nepal for several years. The association of torture and psychiatric morbidity with disability ...