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(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
The discussion pursues three themes. In section 2, we present how ‘vulnerability’ may be conceptualised in different ways—as a general human condition, or a characteristic of some groups of people. We then turn to how the ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2012)
Consequences from intensive fossil-fuel combustion are increased GHG emissions to the atmosphere and changes in the world’s ecosystem. Considering climate change problem produced and utilized biofuel can be one of the ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2013)
This thesis examines climate change, the negative impacts of climate change, and the purview of the United Nations Security Council, in order to demonstrate that the effects of climate change on international peace and ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2013)
This thesis focuses on kidnapping in Colombia conducted by Illegal Armed Groups and investigates whether or not these kidnappings constitutes a crime against humanity according to article 7 of the Rome Statute for the ...
(Master thesis / Spesialoppgave, 2004)
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
Denne artikkelen belyser rollen som tildeles den som undersøker materiale sikret etter reglene i tvisteloven kapittel 28, og det foretas en komparasjon med beslag av digitalt lagret materiale i straffesaker, der materialet ...
(Chapter / Bokkapittel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
This is an Accepted Manuscript of a book chapter published by Routledge in Queering International Law: Possibilities, Alliances, Complicities, Risks on 2017-07-14, available online: https://www.routledge.com/Queering-Int ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2013)
The subject matter of this thesis is to analyze current Chinese administrative relief system effectiveness; answer the substantial and formal shortcomings of current Chinese administrative relief system. Furthermore thesis ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
Hva er en rettskilde? Selv om spørsmålet kan fremstå enkelt, åpner det opp for utallige svar. Svaret vil blant annet variere mellom ulike rettsanvendere og rettsanvendergrupper. Om det kan antas at enkelte argumentkilder ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2014)
In the 2012-2013 legal year, eight cases from the Supreme Court concerned jurisdiction and devolution issues. Three concerned the competencies of devolved legislatures, two the right to appeal from Scottish courts, and ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2014)
The prohibition of the use of force is generally considered to be a jus cogens rule, which would mean that it does not permit any derogation, neither by consent nor by treaty. Yet multiple apparent derogations from the ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2015)
I denne artikkelen drøftes folkerettslige spørsmål som kan være vanskelige å besvare, basert på forfatterens erfaringer som kurslærer i folkerett. Syv spørsmål behandles: statsansvarets «objektive» karakter, mottiltak mot ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
De høyeste domstolene i Norden har blitt omtalt som konstitusjonsdomstoler. Artikkelen setter vår egen høyesterett inn i et nordisk perspektiv med særlig vekt på oppgaver av konstitusjonell karakter, særlig domstolskontroll ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
The principle of legality is an integral part of international criminal law (ICL). International criminal courts and tribunals (ICCTs) have applied a ‘soft’ version of legality that has seldom operated as a meaningful curb ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2012)
Foreign investors refer to arbitration for resolving their disputes with the host states. Recent practice demonstrates that the arbitral tribunals are often confronted with the question of legality of investment. This issue ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2013)
This paper is divided in 3 parts, Part I is about the implementation process of the UN Con-vention on contracts for the International Sale of Goods(CISG) in Norwegian legislation, the Secord Part is dedicated to the analysis ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2015)
(Chapter / Bokkapittel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2018)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2012)
In recent years, the proliferation of natural resource trade has caused rising demand in supply of resource products, leading to “widespread anxiety over the security of access to natural re-source.” In context of this, ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2017)
Into the mind of a genocide perpetrator: An exploration of the degree of necessary genocidal intent Restricted Access
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2017)
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
Straffeprosessutvalget leverte sin utredning i november 2016, om lag to år og fire måneder etter oppnevnelsen. Dette er alt for kort tid til å utarbeide et forsvarlig grunnlag for en helt ny straffeprosesslov. Den forrige ...
The Challenge of Global Fight against International Terrorism (GFIT) on the Application of Basic Principles of IHL Restricted Access
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2017)
Following the 9/11 attack, the world entered in to a global fight against terrorist organizations and state sponsoring terrorism. The fight has started in 2001 in Afghanistan against Al-Qaeda and Taliban and later extended ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
International petroleum arrangements are the result of interplay of states, often represented by their national companies, and private oil entities, within the oil industry. While the former are interested in economic ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
This thesis evaluates if there is already sufficient regulation to effectively prevent maritime terrorism or whether the current international law on maritime security needs to be improved to reduce the vulnerability of ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
This thesis focuses on the case of Erdemović, which concerns the law of duress, and particularly upon the majority Judgement of Judges McDonald and Vohrah. In their Judgement, they narrow the issue before them down to ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) consists of the obligation of the business society to pay attention on problems external to them, public problems, such as combating poverty and social inequity, reduction of spatial ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
The achievement of a certain level” of environmental quality is legally formulated within the Right to a Healthy Environment. National constitutions and international instruments guarantee this right. These instruments ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
Armed conflicts with many core international crimes committed entail many suspects. There are nearly 2000 opened war crimes cases, including almost 10, 000 suspects in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) as a result of the war ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
Capacity to prosecute core international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes is emanating and concentrated at the international tribunals. What about other places making disturbing headlines in the ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
When refugees flee their countries and cross the border, security ranks high among the priorities of those seeking asylum. Maintaining the purely civilian and humanitarian character of refugee camps and settlements is ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
The existence of dual system of responsibility is considered to be a constant feature of international law, which nevertheless reveals many shadow areas at the same time. If international crime is committed by a state organ ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Corruption is a global problem that undermines the rule of law, democratic governance and sustainable development. Widespread corruption also leads to systemic human rights violations. The current legal framework dealing ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
Reducing emissions form deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries (REDD) is a climate change mitigation mechanism addressing the current environmental crisis by increasing the value of standing forests. ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
Refugees are the persons whose fundamental rights have been violated. Within refugee community, rights of refugee women have been much more violated. Refugees’ problem has existed since long time. Now this problem is ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
This paper treats multilateralism as an essential tool in the implementation of climate policies. It focuses on how multilateralism can facilitate the efforts of the international community in dealing with the climate ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2004)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Armed conflicts result in too many atrocities being committed. Once a conflict is over, the criminal justice system of the affected country should ideally hold accountable those responsible for core international crimes. ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
This thesis addresses the extent which freedom of expression and information (FOE/I) right have been extended to citizens in the ASEAN states. Criteria to access the conformance with international standards in FOE/I are ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
Year 2011 has been a “freedom of assembly year” as we have not only watched the events of “Arab spring” and “Occupy Wall Street”, but UN appointed the first-ever Special Rapporteur on the rights of freedom of assembly and ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
Abstract
Adoption of the Optional Protocol to International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights proves the Universality, indivisibility, interdependent and interrelated of ESC Rights. That is, the ESC rights ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2012)
In international environmental law, forest law is often perceived as undeveloped area of law. Major threats posed from multidimensional environmental crisis facing planet earth and the humanity: climate change, loss of ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
Healthcare was for long not considered a matter to be dealt with by the European Union. It was looked at as outside of the competence of the EU and the legal entitlements of the individual patient to access healthcare ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
The thesis examines the legitimacy of the expanding powers of the Security Council and addresses the question of whether such hypertrophy serves the purpose of strengthening the rule of law in international relations, as ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
The Member States of the European Union (EU) have developed various means of preventing irregular migration. Those Member States along the Mediterranean coast find themselves under increasing pressure to control immigration ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
Laws criminalizing defamation exists in numerous countries in the world, including some
western European countries and the United States. However, in those mentioned developed
countries these laws are usually not applied ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Subject of this work is the implementation of the Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism into the Russian legislation. The Convention is called upon to fill the gap in the international instruments on ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
The thesis examines the accountability of state and non-state actors under international law of child soldiering. It argues that states and non-state actors as such must be made accountable for breaching their obligation ...
The EU-EAC Economic Partnership Agreement : The impact of EPAs on the Right to Food Restricted Access
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
The discussion underlying this thesis is the EU-EAC Economic Partnership Agreement and its impact on the Right to Food. The EU under the auspice of the Cotonou Agreement is negotiating new trade agreements with its ACP ...
The Prohibition Against Superfluous INjury or Unnecessary Suffering : Adjusting International Humanitarian Law to Modern Medicine Restricted Access
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2017)
Is the recognition of a non-state armed group as the government of another state a violation of international law? On the face of it, the international law is quite straightforward on this issue. The principles of state ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
Seeking Asylum or seeking international protection is only one of many problems in today’s world. Many wars; civil wars,and the war on terror have made people seek international protection, and because of it the world is ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
The Universal Periodic Review (UPR) is seen by some as the most tangible innovation in the reform process that created the Human Rights Council in 2006 to replace the repudiated Commission on Human Rights. It is an ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
This thesis is inspired by the long lasting media and politicians’ discussions about building the Nord Stream Pipeline in the Baltic Sea. Nobody disagrees about the need of the pipeline between Russia and Europe, but there ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
This paper identifies a growing trend of the adoption of restrictive laws regulating establishment and operation of NGOs in Azerbaijan, Belarus and the Russian Federation. Broad and vague provisions often provide the ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
This study is an attempt to examine the legal status under International Humanitarian Law of children in situations of attack on targets involving them.
The thesis will also explore other relevant rules of International ...
The right of unaccompanied minors to be heard in the asylum process Restricted Access
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2012)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
Joint Implementation is one of three flexibility mechanisms established to allow developed countries to receive credit for greenhouse gas emissions reductions activities conducted in developed countries against net emissions ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
This paper deals with wars of national liberation in the context of occupation. The law of occupation in international humanitarian law has developed to include wars of national liberation. Hence this study identify the ...
The ICC and Non-States Parties Restricted Access
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2007)
After more than half a century¡¯s efforts, the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (¡®the Rome Statute¡¯) was signed on 17 July 1998 at the United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2012)
This thesis seeks to clarify whether or not Developed States are legally obliged to cooperate for the protection of economic and social rights. The aim is to provide an analysis of the relationship between laws and realities ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
The thesis presents some reflections regarding the potency of socio-economic rights. The paper points out the role of socio-economic rights and the interdependence of the two sets of rights. The aim of this paper is to ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
This thesis discusses about the key provisions of the TRIPS Agreement and their effects on the realization of the right to health on access to essential medicines. It explores also the relationship between the trade right ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2006)
Det er ikke noe sammendrag
Right to free and fair elections in Azerbaijan : Electoral legislation and electoral practice of Azerbaijan with regards to international law and democracy Restricted Access
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
The thesis discusses the right to participate in free and fair elections and its exercise in Azerbaijan in context of international law and democracy. The main focus of the study is directed to analysis of conformity of ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2017)
An analysis of the legal obligations for data controllers when data subjects requests the right to data portability.
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2017)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2009)
The paper offers a substantive assessment of the duties incumbent on States under international humanitarian law to provide humanitarian assistance to the civilian population under its control in time of armed conflict.
(Master thesis / Hovedoppgave, 2008)
This paper examines the notion of the doctrine of humanitarian intervention and its relation with state sovereignty as the fundamental basis of the modern world order and attempts to establish whether a legal and legitimate ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
In situations where an applicable norm of IHL and an equally applicable norm of IHRL seem to be in conflict with each other it is often unclear how to solve the apparent norm conflict. The principle of best protection ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
The right to education is enshrined in numerous binding international agreements (most notably the ICESCR art. 13), and the international community has time and again expressed its commitment to fulfill universal primary ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
From 2012 international aviation is to be included in the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS). The EU ETS has no differentiation between the airlines which means that the trading scheme applies to all airlines ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
In the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, two systems exist to handle children who come in conflict with the law – the criminal law system and the administrative law system. The latter is the system most commonly used by ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2004)
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
Inspirert av FN erklæringen om at 2010 er det internasjonale året for biologisk mangfold, forsøker denne oppgaven å finne ut hvordan internasjonal humanitær rett kan anvendes for å beskytte regioner med viktige biologisk ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
Southern Africa has been surely but stealthily slithering towards a supranational order. Not just that- a regional order based on a constitutional order is being cobbled. SADC has been at the core of such a transformation- ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
The aim of this thesis is the better understanding of structural sexual violence against women. Through a human rights approach, the author examines the link between the gendered discriminatory policies against women and ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2008)
The aim with this thesis has been to get a better understanding on how islands can affect the delimitation process.
I have divided this presentation into two main parts. First I have concentrated on the definition ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2020)
The right to life is a universally recognized fundamental human right guaranteed by international, regional and national laws. This right is dependent on the availability of certain standards and components, most of which ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
An important ‘stress test’ for regional human rights courts would be to see how well such courts perform when faced with authoritarian, human rights-violating regimes that they are supposed to hinder or constrain. These ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2013)
Nordic Journal of Human Rights. 2013, 31(2), 262-278 http://www.idunn.no/ts/ntmr/2013/02
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2019)
That an accused receives a fair trial is essential to the legitimacy of international criminal courts and tribunals. However, how best to interpret the right to a fair trial in order to maximize the legitimacy of international ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2011)
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Abstract
In the past decade there has been a series of conflicting
arbitration awards regarding the interpretation of the Most-
Favoured-Nation standard and if it can be extended to dispute
settlement procedure. The ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
Many scholars have advanced theories concerning the so-called democracy deficit in the European Union. The global financial crisis and the sovereign debt crisis in Europe has given a new perspective on how to view these ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2010)
The Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities (hereinafter referred to as CBDR) is one of the most effective principles in the international environmental law legal regime. It entails two elements: common ...
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2014)
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2018)
Human rights discourse on the rights of transgender people has to a large extent focused on access to correction of legal gender and medical preconditions for this change. Jurisdictions across the world are now beginning ...
Is the Obligation to Make Reparation for the Breach of a Jus Cogens Obligation a Jus Cogens Obligation on Itself? Restricted Access
(Master thesis / Masteroppgave, 2012)
The thesis is based on one of Italy's arguments in the proceedings before the International Court of Justice in the Jurisdictional Immunities case against Germany. The ICJ issued its Judgment recently on February 3rd, 2012. ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / AcceptedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2017)
The article is made available in the archive with permission from the publisher.
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed, 2013)
According to the ICJ, ‘generic’ terms in long-term treaties were presumably intended to be interpreted evolutively. This ‘general rule’ on evolutive interpretation appears simple, but leaves unanswered questions. Moreover, ...
(Journal article / Tidsskriftartikkel / PublishedVersion, 2014)