Abstract
This thesis is set to explore Kazakhstan´s behavior in relation to China´s rise, vis-à-vis Russian relations – Kazakhstan´s traditional patron. It examines if Kazakhstan engages in balancing or bandwagoning behavior through the lens of Stephen M. Walt´s balance of threat theory. This theoretical framework is considered particularly appropriate, given its consideration of geographic position and perceived intentions. By conducting a comprehensive study of indicators linked to the military, economic, official and social sphere, this thesis finds that Kazakhstan conducts balancing behavior against China, predominantly in the military sphere. Likewise, the economic sphere finds evidence of Kazakhstan engaging in internal balancing behavior against China, by passing legislation that place limits on China´s economic influence in the energy sector. The findings however, are drawn into question as the majority of the energy deals points more in the direction of a détente, meaning that the parties involved consider the exchanges to be roughly equal and based on legitimate interests. Similarly, Kazakhstan has taken measures to reduce its dependence on Russia in this sphere. Lastly, the official sphere indicates that Kazakhstan is open and keen on further economic integration with China. This stands in contrast to the findings in the social sphere, which finds that the Kazakh media and the Kazakh population largely perceive China as a threat.