Background In childhood cancer care, healthcare professionals must deal with several difficult moral situations in clinical practice. Previous studies show that morally difficult challenges are related to ...

Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe acute gastroenteritis (AGE) among young children globally. In 2014, Norway added the rotavirus vaccine into the national immunization program. The overall aim of this thesis is ...

Background Norwegian law and regulations regarding patient autonomy and the use of coercion are in conflict with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and the Oviedo Convention ...

Background Gestational age is a useful proxy for assessing developmental maturity, but correct estimation of gestational age is difficult using clinical measures. DNA methylation at birth has proven to be ...

This thesis aimed to investigate the differential roles of antiretroviral regimens in pregnancy outcome and maternal and offspring health. Data was abstracted from clinical records of HIV-infected pregnant women and their ...

Background The epidemiology of human cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis, caused by the larval stage of the pork tapeworm Taenia solium, is not well known in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Within ...

Background Several countries including Tanzania, have established voluntary non-profit insurance schemes, commonly known as community-based health insurance schemes (CBHIs), that typically target rural ...

Background Education institutions promptly implemented a set of steps to prevent the spread of COVID-19 among international Chinese students, such as restrictive physical exercise, mask wear, daily health ...

The aims of this study were to compare physical activity (PA) behavior and physical fitness in patients with JIA who were diagnosed in the era of biologics with controls from the general population, and to examine if disease ...

Background Pain is prevalent in myotonic dystrophy 1 (DM1). This study investigated whether CTG repeat size, disease duration, BMI and motor and psychological function were related to pain in adult patients ...

Background Fibromyalgia (FM) is a contested, chronic widespread pain syndrome on which recommended therapies have short-lasting, moderate effects. Nevertheless, some patients become symptom-free, and their ...

Background Overall outcomes of pediatric rheumatic diseases (RD) have improved due to treatment with biologic agents and methotrexate. For many children, this treatment often entails regular needle injections. ...

Background Co-occurring musculoskeletal pain is common among people with persistent low back pain (LBP) and associated with more negative consequences than LBP alone. The distribution and prevalence of ...

Background The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic put a pressure on all healthcare professionals and has affected the delivery of health care services globally. There is a need to understand the impact on different health ...

Background Nusinersen is one of an increasing number of new, expensive orphan drugs to receive authorization. These drugs strain public healthcare budgets and challenge principles for resource allocation. ...

n Norway, the incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is higher among 16–19-year-olds than in the general population. Most IMD cases among teenagers are caused by serogroup Y. Since 2011, one dose of meningococcal ...

Background In precision medicine biomarkers stratify patients into groups that are offered different treatments, but this may conflict with the principle of equal treatment. While some patient characteristics ...

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate potential barriers and facilitators for implementing motivational interviewing (MI) as a return to work (RTW) intervention in a Norwegian social insurance setting. ...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic represents a global health crisis. How well people cope with this situation depends on many factors, including one’s personality, such as dispositional optimism. The aim of the study was ...

Objectives To quantify the secondary impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic disruptions to cervical cancer screening in the United States, stratified by step in the screening process and primary test modality, on cervical ...

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often undergo orthopaedic lower limb surgery to correct malalignments, improve and maintain functional gait. In the post-operative period ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are used to support ...

Background Family members of young people (13–24 years) with long-term conditions tend to experience multiple challenges when their children transfer from paediatric to adult care, as do the patients themselves. Obje ...

Background Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks bring clarity, structure and transparency to health care decision making. The interactive Evidence to Decision (iEtD) tool, developed in the context of the ...

Fatigue is the most common symptom amongst patients with sarcoidosis. As reduced exercise capacity and muscle strength is highly prevalent as well, exercise training is recommended. Since the impact of high-intensity ...

International non-governmental organisations (INGOs) play an increasingly prominent role in global health. They serve as global health advocates, participants in global health policy development, partners, and implementers ...

Background Prognostic uncertainty is a challenge for physicians in the neuro intensive care field. Questions about whether continued life-sustaining treatment is in a patient’s best interests arise in ...

Background Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is commonly reported and described as disabling by patients recovering from stroke. However, a major challenge is how to accurately diagnose and assess PSF. Therefore, ...

Background The areas of Research Ethics (RE) and Research Integrity (RI) are rapidly evolving. Cases of research misconduct, other transgressions related to RE and RI, and forms of ethically questionable ...

Background The aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) is central in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently it has been shown that specifically, larger, Thioflavin T-binding Aβ aggregates are associated ...

Objectives Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are associated with dementia severity and progression rate. NPS clusters have different neurobiological underpinnings; therefore, their effect on dementia progression may differ. ...

Introduction: This article addresses the pro­vision of rehabilitation services for torture victims with a refugee background in Norway. It engages the topic from the outset of relevant rehabilitation rights and duties, ...

Concerns related to the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Norwegian population are studied in a cross-sectional web-survey conducted between 8 April and 20 May 2020. The qualitative thematic analysis of the ...

Background To tailor physical activity treatment programs for patients with osteoarthritis, clinicians need valid and feasible measurement tools to evaluate habitual physical activity. The widely used ...

Background One in five patients experience chronic pain 12 months following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This longitudinal study used a person‐centred approach to identify subgroups of patients with distinct chronic ...

The article focuses on scientific disagreement about the use of statin-related drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular events. The study forms part of an exploration of the broader principle of research polarization, ...

Background Dietary challenges are common among individuals with intellectual disability residing in supervised living in Norway, and this is a major risk factor for health problems. The aim of this study was to explore ...

Physical assessment skills (PAS) learned in their nursing education. The aim of this study was to evaluate third-year nursing students' process of clinical judgment using PAS in clinical rotation. Specific focus was on how ...

Objectives The aim of this study is to assess (1) whether lifestyle risk factors are related to work ability and sick leave in a general working population over time, and (2) these associations within specific disease ...

Background The EuroQol EQ-5D is one of the most widely researched and applied patient-reported outcome measures worldwide. The original EQ-5D-3L and more recent EQ-5D-5L include three and five response ...

Background and aims: The comparative effectiveness of sigmoidoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is unknown. Methods: Individuals aged 50-74 years living in South-East Norway ...

Introduction The current evidence on the efficacy of antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) in reducing the risk of periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) after primary joint reconstruction is insufficient. In several European ...

Purpose The aim of this article is to explain why there is a higher degree of trust in some countries compared to others – and which are the main historical factors that explain these differences. The main focus is on ...

Abstract Studies exploring when social inequalities in body mass index (BMI) and its composites emerge and how these evolve with age are limited. Thus, this study explored parental income and education related inequalities ...

Objective. Most of the previous studies of drone transport of blood samples examined normal blood samples transported under tranquil air conditions. We studied the effects of 1- and 2-hour drone flights using random vibration ...

Summary Bisphosphonates reduce fractures in randomized controlled trials (RCT); however, there is less information from real life. In our population including 14,990 women and 13,239 men, use of bisphosphonates reduced ...

Objective This study aims to compare the rule-out safety of a single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) with the History, ECG, Age, Risk factors and Troponin (HEART) score in a low-prevalence primary care setting ...

Hip fracture is associated with excess mortality, persisting for many years after the fracture. Several factors may affect survival; however, the role of social support has been less studied. Living situation could be an ...

Background: Human exposure to intensively farmed livestock is a potential risk for transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) but few studies have assessed the relative role of animal vs. environmental sources of ...

Background and purpose — Orthopedic surgery is one of the specialties with most compensation claims. We assessed the claims following knee arthroplasty surgery reported to the Norwegian System of Patient Injury Compensation ...

Background A nonavalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been licensed for use in women and men up to age 45 years in the United States. The cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination for women and men aged 30 to 45 ...

Background An ever-increasing technological development in the field of radiology urges a need for guidelines to provide predictable and just health services. A musculoskeletal guideline was developed in Norway in 2014, ...

Objectives The study aimed to identify changes in health literacy (HL) and associated variables during the first year following a kidney transplantation. Methods A total of 196 transplant recipients were included ...

Objective The COVID‐19 pandemic has led to rapid changes in the delivery of medical care worldwide. The main objective of this survey was to investigate the initial experiences of neurologists with the use of telemedicine ...

Background: Few clinical studies evaluate interventions to reduce oral discomfort among patients in palliative care. Aim: This study examines the efficacy of a Salvia officinalis (SO) based herbal mouth rinse compared to ...

Objective A variety of measures are used for reporting levels of compulsory psychiatric hospitalisation. This complicates comparisons between studies and makes it hard to establish the extent of geographic variation. ...

In a multi-ethnic cohort of healthy pregnant women and their children, we found striking ethnic differences in overweight and thinness in children at age 4-5 years. Children with origin in the Middle East and North Africa ...

Aging research is essential to identifying factors that influence healthy aging, with improved well-being and increased longevity for contemporary humans. Importantly, the rate of biological aging varies considerably between ...

Designed by a group of ME/CFS researchers and health professionals, the European Network on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (EUROMENE) has received funding from the European Cooperation in Science and ...

Bacterial meningitis is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Rapid identification of the aetiological agent of meningitis is essential for clinical and public health management and disease prevention given the ...

Background and aim: In Norway, a large part of the population is dependent on disability benefits. The main reasons for this are related to long-term musculoskeletal pain and psychological complaints. Prevocational ...

Small, subtle changes in dietary habits can increase vulnerability for undernutrition in old age. Nutrition apps holds potential to increase awareness among older adults and health professionals about dietary challenges ...

Although social support is important for health and well-being, many young people are hesitant to reach out for support. The emerging uptake of chatbots for social and emotional purposes entails opportunities and concerns ...

Background: Literature on physical performance in older adults across the cognitive spectrum remains inconclusive, and knowledge on differences between dementia subtypes is lacking. We aim to identify distinct physical-performance ...

Accurate biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are essential for early diagnosis and intervention. Available biomarkers are not sufficient to permit the monitoring of AD progression over time, and additional biomarkers ...

Background and purpose — Orthopedic surgery is one of the specialties with most compensation claims, therefore we assessed the most common reasons for complaints following total hip arthroplasty (THA) reported to the ...

Aims:Alcohol consumption has been linked to colorectal cancer (CRC) and also to the high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol level (HDL-C). HDL-C has been associated with the incidence of CRC. The aimof this study was to ...

Abstract Background Multimorbidity and prolonged use of addictive medications are prevalent among older patients, and known to increase the risk of adverse drug events. Yet, the relationship between ...

Abstract There is a growing interest in the application of creative writing in the treatment of mental illness. Nonpharmacological approaches have shown that access to poetic, creative language can allow for the verbalisation ...

The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of suicide thoughts and attempts during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak and examine pandemic-related factors associated with suicide thoughts in the general ...

Background Sarcopenia is an age-related muscle disease primarily characterized by reductions in muscle strength that increases the risk of falls, fractures, cognitive impairment, and mortality. Exercise is currently ...

BAKGRUNN Det har vært interesse knyttet til bruken av antibiotika under covid-19-pandemien. I denne artikkelen presenterer vi forbruket av systemisk antibiotika i Norge i pandemiperioden. MATERIALE OG METODE Totalt ...

Background The Advanced Geriatric Nurse role recently has been introduced into Norway’s primary healthcare system, and our study’s purpose was to examine the implementation of models of care developed for Advanced Geriatric ...

Background Poor mental health is an important contributor to the global burden of disease. Mental health problems are often neglected in communities, and are scarcely studied in developing countries, including ...

Background During the first period of life, critically ill as well as healthy newborn infants experience recurrent painful procedures. Parents are a valuable but often overlooked resource in procedural ...

Background Residents at nursing homes (NHs) are at particular risk for drug related harm. Regular medication reviews using explicit criteria for pharmacological inappropriateness and classification of drug ...

Norway has one of the highest rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the world. Cancer treatment causes distressing side effects, and patients with CRC can experience severe and distressing symptoms due to the disease and the ...

Background Validated instruments to assess breastfeeding knowledge and attitude are non-existent in Africa including Ethiopia. We aimed to adapt and validate the Breastfeeding Knowledge Questionnaire (BFKQ) ...

Equal access to quality health care services, efficient resource use and cost containment are Norway’s health care policy objectives. To reach these goals, policymakers use financial incentives and organizational structures. ...

Background The number of patients with long-term chronic diseases is increasing. These patients place a strain on health care systems and health care professionals (HCPs). Presently, we aimed to systematically review the ...

In this population-based study, we linked different Norwegian health registries (the Medical Birth Registry, the Cause of Death Registry, the Education Registry) and health surveys (County study, Age 40 Program, CONOR) to ...

Background Prevalence of HIV infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) has been reported to be higher than that of the general population. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HIV infection and ...

Introduction Earlier, we designed and evaluated an educational mass media intervention for improving people’s ability to think more critically and to assess the trustworthiness of claims (assertions) about ...

Provision of equitable health care to migrants presents challenge to most health care systems, including the Norwegian health care system. However, access to and utilization of healthcare may not be the same across population ...

Background In the EU, clinical assessors, rapporteurs and the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use are obliged to assess the ethical aspects of a clinical development program and include major ethical flaws in ...

Background As part of a nursing home intervention study, the aim of this paper was 1) to evaluate the effects of a staff education programme about person-centred care and promotion of thriving on relatives’ ...

This study focuses on the introduction of a nurse practitioner role, called advanced geriatric nurse (AGN) into the Norwegian healthcare system. The overall aim was to investigate the role of AGNs, what AGNs and their ...

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often associated with life-long medical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. Although long-lasting disabilities are expected, research on effective ...

Objective: To determine how health-related rehabilitation services have been described in recently pub-lished randomized clinical trials, using the International Classification System for Service Organization in Health-Related ...

Background To report on our experience using a simple optional form to facilitate communication on late effects between the patients and the oncologists during outpatient follow-up and to detail on the spectrum of challenges ...

Background Immigrants and their Norwegian-born children make up approximately 18% of the total population in Norway. While several studies have been conducted on immigrants’ utilization of healthcare services, ...

Background Family involvement for persons with psychotic disorders is under-implemented in mental health care, despite its firm scientific, economic, legal and moral basis. This appears to be the case in ...

Background Chronic widespread pain (CWP), including fibromyalgia (FM), affects one in every ten adults and is one of the leading causes of sick leave and emotional distress. Due to an unclear etiology and ...

Background Economic analyses of end-of-life care often focus on single aspects of care in selected cohorts leading to limited knowledge on the total level of care required to patients at their end-of-life. ...

Background Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Early identification of women at risk during pregnancy is required to plan management. Although there are many ...

Health literacy (HL) can be understood as personal and social abilities required to find, understand and use information to make informed decisions about health. There has been a lack of knowledge about how kidney transplant ...

Based on fieldwork among Kurdish-Norwegians, Ingvild Bergom Lunde’s doctoral thesis shows how condemnation and silence are central in how research participants relate to female genital cutting (FGC). The stigma associated ...

Background There is a gap in the literature regarding what takes place between the announcement of a regulatory intervention, such as an external inspection of a health care organisation, and the inspecting body’s site ...

Background The health system of Sudan has experienced several forms of decentralization, as well as, a radical reform. Authority and governance of secondary and tertiary health facilities have been shifted from federal to ...

Background Clinical Ethics Support (CES) services are offered to support healthcare professionals in dealing with ethically difficult situations. Evaluation of CES is important to understand if it is indeed a supportive ...