Camera trapping is an increasingly important tool in animal ecology that is generally targeted towards large mammals, and especially large carnivores. Nonetheless, the cameras are triggered by all large and medium-sized ...

Her presenteres en analyse av 37 vertebrae, 1 komplett humerus og 7 brukne humeri fra små ichthyosaurer fra Tidlig Trias i Nedre Saurie-laget i Vendomdalenleddet fra Vikinghøgdaformasjonen, Marmierfjellet, Spitsbergen og ...

Abstract Incidental take of non-target species by fisheries, also referred to as bycatch, is a major concern for management of species in the marine megafauna. In Norway, 555 harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) die as the result ...

Freshwater systems are important for a wide variety of organisms. With the addition of increased mean temperatures, increased frequency of extreme weather events and changes in precipitation patterns brought upon by climate ...

The evolutionary past of lineages can be intricate despite well-resolved phylogenies. When speciation occurs on a continuous scale, reproductive barriers can remain incomplete and give way to introgression. If species have ...

Sammendrag Mange arter er i dag truet med utrydning fordi stadig mer areal blir tatt i bruk eller endret av mennesker. En av disse artene er dragehode (Dracocephalum ruyschiana), som er i kategorien sårbar (VU) på rødlista ...

Urban natur er lite forsket på sammenlignet med uberørt natur, men naturen i og rundt byene er viktig å ha kunnskap om for å kunne ta gode og bærekraftige avgjørelser i byplanlegging og vern av natur. Naturen i og rundt ...

Ecosystems all over the world are affected by climate change, and especially so high latitude and altitude ecosystems. One consequence of global warming in Norway is an upward shift in the mountain birch forest line. A ...

Character displacement has been a process discussed by biologist ever since Darwin visited the Galapagos in the 19th century. Similar species occurring together will sometimes diverge in characters to avoid hybridization ...

The effect of elevated CO₂ on plant stoichiometry has been given a lot of attention in the last years; however, extended studies on the effects of elevated light added to the increased CO₂ are still insufficient. Plant ...

Abstract In 2016 Chronic Wasting Disease was discovered in Nordfjella, Norway for the first time in a female reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Since then Norwegian nature management have implemented several measures in the ...

Small rodents in alpine areas are known to appear in multiannual cycles, usually with a population peak every 3 – 5 years. Since the mid 1980’s, a dampening in these population peaks have been observed in Northern Europe. ...

Climate change is altering many aspects of local selection regimes. Which aspects of changing environments causing the strongest selective force, differ widely across species. Strong climatic and topographical heterogeneity ...

As an effect of climate change and alterations in land use, the ranges of roe deer and also that of their ectoparasites, like the sheep tick (Ixodes ricinus) are expanding. This has also increased the occurrence of tick-borne ...

Telomeres, the tandemly repeated sequences at the ends of vertebrate chromosomes, shortens during an organism’s life due to internal and external factors. The conditions experienced by an individual during its growth period, ...

Human activities have historically influenced the evolution of other species. Dramatic modifications in land-use and extreme urbanization have increased not only the amount of species associated with human environments, ...

The INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION (IDA)/IDA-LIKE gene family encodes peptides hypothesized to be involved in different cell-separation events in plants. A phylogenetic analysis was performed to elucidate the ...

In the Arctic tundra several different species of herbivores co-exist, with potentially large effects on tundra ecosystem functions and dynamics. Understanding the herbivores trophic interactions therefore provides essential ...

Black-headed Gulls are in rapid decline in Norway and is categorized as VU (Vulnerable) on the national Red List. The Norwegian population has decreased from 30 000 pairs around 1990 to just 7000 pairs in 2011. In the study ...

Free-ranging reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) eat a diverse diet of graminoids, herbs, shrubs, woody plants, mushroom, lichen and mosses. DNA metabarcoding is an established method in dietary studies and through e.g. ...

The genus Cochlearia, together with its sister genus Ionopsidium Rchb., forms the tribe Cochlearieae, a rather small tribe which comprises about 30 taxa, which either x=6 or x=7 basic chromosome number. The x=6 series forms ...

In aquatic environments predator threats can be present as chemical cues which can induce defensive traits in prey. Such predatory induced cues can be responsible for changes in morphology, life histories and behavior. ...

Dracocephalum ruyschiana is a rare species in Europe and its conservation is considered a priority by the Norwegian Environment Agency. Specialist species in fragmented and rare habitats such as dry, calcareous grasslands ...

Seabirds bring substantial amounts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) from sea to their breeding colonies. On Svalbard, previous research has focused on the ornithogenic fluxes from sea to land, but little is known of the ...

I present a model of chiasma interference and recombination in homo- and heterokaryotypes and a model of nonrandom mating. These two models form the basis of a general-purpose deterministic multilocus evolution simulator, ...

In northern Europe, the tick Ixodes ricinus is of particular concern, as it is the principal vector of the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) which is known to cause Lyme disease in humans, among other ...

During the last century, the grey wolf (Canis lupus L.) was subject to extensive hunting pressure, which led to functional extinction of this species from the Scandinavian Peninsula around 1970. Wolves reappeared in ...

Land cover maps provide spatial information on the physical cover of the earth. With increasing strain on natural resources, these maps enable knowledge-based nature management. Such maps represent a generalization of ...

Studying the ecology and measuring levels of population genetic diversity are important steps for assessing the conservation status and implementing appropriate conservation strategies for rare or endangered plant species. ...

In sexually reproducing taxa, normal sperm function is critical for successful reproduction, and pathogenic bacteria can prevent this. Thus, understanding the role of bacteria in ejaculates can have significant implications ...

Insect pollination is an important contribution to wild ecosystems in Norway and 80 % of plants seem to benefit from this important ecosystem service. During the last century, there has been an overall decline in pollinators, ...

I have addressed taxonomic affiliation, genus delimitation, and species delimitations in the lichen genus Eschatogonia. Preliminary parsimony analyses, based on one mitochondrial (SSU) ribosomal DNA-region, on a dataset ...

The evolutionary scaling of brain size on body size among species is strikingly constant across vertebrates, suggesting that the brain size is constrained by body size. Body size is a strong predictor of brain size, but ...

Abstract Rotifers and phytoplankton have been vastly used by scientists as model organisms in toxicological, eco-toxicological, ecological and other studies. In order to conduct experiments on interactions between animals ...

In the past century, the agricultural landscape in Norway, and Europe, has changed drastically. Artificial fertilizer, electricity and modern machinery has contributed to the development of the industrialization of the ...

Climate change is the effect of rapid and recent change in global climate variables, affecting all species in all ecosystems. Fungi are no exception, fulfilling a variety of important roles as decomposers, parasites and ...

The regular movement of animals between summer and winter ranges, termed seasonal migration, is a common phenomenon among ungulates at northern latitudes. The most prominent hypothesis to explain seasonal migration is the ...

Primates habitats are being increasingly fragmented by human activities worldwide. The behavioural flexibility exhibited by vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) is assumed to be crucial in the species ability to persist ...

Fragmentation of habitats is one of the major threats to biodiversity. Fragmentations will reduce connectivity and consequently affect the genetic population structure particularly in rivers. In the current study the genetic ...

Bird song is used for both intra-sexual and inter-sexual interactions, in male-male competition and for attracting females. In species that use song for attraction, the females often prefer males with larger repertoires ...

Hybridization is increasingly recognized as a source of novel variation, but how hybridization can contribute to evolution is still not fully understood. Insights into the evolutionary potential of hybrid species, and the ...

Ticks are important vectors for a variety of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance worldwide. Small rodents and shrews are widely distributed, and can harbour several species of ticks and substantial tick burdens. ...