The standard model of cosmology has been quite successful in describing how baryonic matter and dark matter cluster by means of gravity, forming the structures we can see today while looking at the sky, and it can reproduce ...

The present studies address feeding of plankton in turbulent environments, discussed by a comparison of analytical results and field data. Various models for predator-prey encounters and capture probabilities are reviewed. ...

We revisit the dark degeneracy that arises from the Einstein equations relating geometry to the total cosmic substratum but not resolving its individual components separately. We establish the explicit conditions for the ...

Context. Penumbral microjets (PMJs) are short-lived, jet-like objects found in the penumbra of sunspots. They were first discovered in chromospheric lines and have later also been shown to exhibit signals in transition ...

NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) provides high-resolution observations of the solar atmosphere through ultraviolet spectroscopy and imaging. Since the launch of IRIS in June 2013, we have conducted ...

ABSTRACT We present high spatial resolution observations of short-lived transients, ribbons and jet-like events above a pore in Ca ii H images where fine structure, like umbral dots, light bridges and penumbral ...

A new upper limit on the 21 cm signal power spectrum at a redshift of z ≈ 9.1 is presented, based on 141 h of data obtained with the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR). The analysis includes significant improvements in spectrally ...

Sunspots are intense collections of magnetic fields that pierce through the Sun’s photosphere, with their signatures extending upwards into the outermost extremities of the solar corona1. Cutting-edge observations and ...

Gravitational waveforms from mergers or close-encounters of astrophysical compact bodies provide a new and separate window into high energy physics and dark objects. Although there is a zoo of theoretical compact objects ...

The emergence of magnetic flux through the photosphere and into the outer solar atmosphere produces, amongst other dynamical phenomena, Ellerman bombs (EBs), which are observed in the wings of Hα and are due to magnetic ...

The SunPy Project developed a 13-question survey to understand the software and hardware usage of the solar-physics community. Of the solar-physics community, 364 members across 35 countries responded to our survey. We ...

Context. Stage IV weak lensing experiments will offer more than an order of magnitude leap in precision. We must therefore ensure that our analyses remain accurate in this new era. Accordingly, previously ignored systematic ...

Context. Torsional Alfvén waves are promising candidates for the transport of energy across different layers of the solar atmosphere. They have been predicted theoretically for decades. Previous detections of Alfvén waves ...

Context. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) started regular observations of the Sun in 2016, first offering receiver Band 3 at wavelengths near 3 mm (100 GHz) and Band 6 at wavelengths around 1.25 mm ...

The Euclid mission will observe well over a billion galaxies out to z ∼ 6 and beyond. This will offer an unrivalled opportunity to investigate several key questions for understanding galaxy formation and evolution. The ...

We present the highest-resolution—15 pc (0farcs03)—ALMA 12CO(2–1) line emission and 1.3 mm continuum maps, tracers of the molecular gas and dust, respectively, in the nearby merging galaxy system NGC 6240, which hosts two ...

Context. Long-period intensity pulsations were recently detected in the EUV emission of coronal loops and attributed to cycles of plasma evaporation and condensation driven by thermal non-equilibrium (TNE). Numerical ...

The emergence of magnetic flux through the photosphere and into the outer solar atmosphere produces, amongst other dynamical phenomena, Ellerman bombs (EBs), which are observed in the wings of Hα and are due to magnetic ...

Context. Numerical simulations of the solar chromosphere predict a diverse thermal structure with both hot and cool regions. Observations of plage regions in particular typically feature broader and brighter chromospheric ...

Aims. Our aim is to quantify the impact of systematic effects on the inference of cosmological parameters from cosmic shear. Methods. We present an “end-to-end” approach that introduces sources of bias in a modelled weak ...

We investigate a well known scenario of interaction in the dark sector where the vacuum energy is interacting with cold dark matter throughout the cosmic evolution in light of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data ...

We consider the possibility that dark energy and baryons might scatter off each other. The type of interaction we consider leads to a pure momentum exchange, and does not affect the background evolution of the expansion ...

We determine the relationship between the turnaround radius, Rt, and mass, Mt, in Λ CDM , and in dark energy scenarios, using an extended spherical collapse model taking into account the effects of shear and vorticity. We ...

Context. Isotopologue line intensity ratios of circumstellar molecules have been widely used to trace the photospheric elemental isotopic ratios of evolved stars. However, depending on the molecular species and the physical ...

Context. Hot coronal jets are a basic observed feature of the solar atmosphere whose physical origin is still actively debated. Aims. We study six recurrent jets that occurred in active region NOAA 12644 on April 4, 2017. ...

It is always interesting to investigate how well can a future experiment perform with respect to others (present or future ones). Cosmology is really an exciting field where a lot of puzzles are still unknown. In this ...

Context. The pursuit of more realistic spectroscopic modelling and consistent abundances has led us to begin a new series of papers designed to improve current solar and stellar abundances of various atomic species. To ...

Foreground components in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) are sparse in a needlet representation, due to their specific morphological features (anisotropy, non-Gaussianity). This leads to the possibility of applying ...

We present the discovery of PSO J030947.49+271757.31, the radio brightest (23.7 mJy at 1.4 GHz) active galactic nucleus (AGN) at z >  6.0. It was selected by cross-matching the NRAO VLA Sky Survey and the Panoramic ...

We present a novel method of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) within the smoothed particle hydrodynamics scheme (SPMHD) using the geometric density average force expression. Geometric density average within smoothed particle ...

We present a new analytical equation of state (EOS), which correctly models high pressure theory and fits well to the experimental data of ɛ-Fe, SiO2, Mg2, and the Earth. The cold part of the EOS is modeled after the Varpoly ...

We present strong gravitational lensing models for 37 galaxy clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Giant Arcs Survey. We combine data from multi-band Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) imaging, with ...

We present ALMA Band 7 data of the[CII]lm157.74memission line and underlying far-IR(FIR)continuum for12 luminous quasars atz4.8powered by fast-growing supermassive black holes(SMBHs). Our totalsample consists of 18 ...

We report new galaxy clusters previously unknown included in the first Planck Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) sources catalogue, the PSZ1. The results presented here were achieved during the second year of a two-year observational ...

We present a new code,SCALAR, based on the high-resolution hydrodynamics andN-body codeRAMSES, to solve the Schrödingerequation on adaptive refined meshes. The code is intended to be used to simulate axion ...

We present interferometric observations of the CN(1–0) line emission in Mrk 231 and combine them with previous observations of CO and other H2 gas tracers to study the physical properties of the massive molecular outflow. ...

ABSTRACT We perform a comprehensive analysis of the redshift evolution of the rest-UV spectra of star-forming galaxies out to z ∼ 5. We combine new z ∼ 5 measurements of H i Ly α and low- and high-ionization ...

Weak lensing, which is the deflection of light by matter along the line of sight, has proven to be an efficient method for constraining models of structure formation and reveal the nature of dark energy. So far, most ...

We derive constraints on the thermal and ionization states of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at redshift ≈ 9.1 using new upper limits on the 21-cm power spectrum measured by the LOFAR radio telescope and a prior on the ...

We report new detections and limits from a NOEMA and ALMA CO(1-0) search for molecular outflows in 13 local galaxies with high far-infrared surface brightness, and combine these with local universe CO outflow results from ...

Context. The data from the Euclid mission will enable the measurement of the angular positions and weak lensing shapes of over a billion galaxies, with their photometric redshifts obtained together with ground-based ...

Lyman-α blobs (LABs) are spatially extended nebulae of emission in the Lyman-α (Lyα) line of hydrogen, seen at high redshifts and most commonly found in the dense environment of star-forming galaxies. A recent study showed ...

We used the time since infall (TSI) of galaxies, obtained from the Yonsei Zoom-in Cluster Simulation, and the star formation rate (SFR) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10 to study how quickly the star formation ...

This study investigates the Reynolds-number dependence of shock-induced flow through stationary particle clouds at 10% volume fraction, using ensemble-averaged results from three-dimensional particle-resolved large eddy ...

Context. Future weak lensing surveys, such as the Euclid mission, will attempt to measure the shapes of billions of galaxies in order to derive cosmological information. These surveys will attain very low levels of statistical ...

The Complete Calibration of the Colour–Redshift Relation survey (C3R2) is a spectroscopic effort involving ESO and Keck facilities designed specifically to empirically calibrate the galaxy colour–redshift relation – P ( z ...

Constraints on gravity and cosmology will greatly benefit from performing joint clustering and weak lensing analyses on large-scale structure data sets. Utilising non-linear information coming from small physical scales ...

Context. Ambipolar diffusion is a physical mechanism related to the drift between charged and neutral particles in a partially ionized plasma that is key to many different astrophysical systems. However, understanding its ...

Ellerman Bomb-like brightenings of the hydrogen Balmer line wings in the quiet Sun, also known as quiet Sun Ellerman bombs (QSEBs), are a signature of the fundamental process of magnetic reconnection at the smallest ...

We present the NPIPE processing pipeline, which produces calibrated frequency maps in temperature and polarization from data from the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) and High Frequency Instrument (HFI) using ...

We examine the capabilities of a fast and simple method to infer line-of-sight (LOS) velocities from observations of the photospheric Si  I 10 827 Å line. This spectral line is routinely observed together with the chromospheric ...

Recent integral field spectroscopy observations have found that about 11% of galaxies show star–gas misalignment. The misalignment possibly results from external effects such as gas accretion, interaction with other objects, ...

Searching for violations of the no-hair theorem (NHT) is a powerful way to test gravity, and more generally fundamental physics, particularly with regards to the existence of additional scalar fields. The first observation ...

Aims. The Euclid space telescope will measure the shapes and redshifts of galaxies to reconstruct the expansion history of the Universe and the growth of cosmic structures. The estimation of the expected performance of the ...

Context. Coronal rain consists of cool and dense plasma condensations formed in coronal loops as a result of thermal instability. Aims. Previous numerical simulations of thermal instability and coronal rain formation have ...

ABSTRACT We present a simulated cosmology analysis using the second and third moments of the weak lensing mass (convergence) maps. The second moment, or variances, of the convergence as a function of smoothing ...

Motivated by the discrepancy in measurements of H0 between local and global probes, we investigate whether teleparallel gravities could be a better model to describe the present-day observations or at least to alleviate ...

Aims. Solar Orbiter, the first mission of ESA’s Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 programme and a mission of international collaboration between ESA and NASA, will explore the Sun and heliosphere from close up and out of the ecliptic ...

Recent developments of transition-edge sensors (TESs), based on extensive experience in ground-based experiments, have been making the sensor techniques mature enough for their application on future satellite cosmic microwave ...

We develop perturbation theory approaches to model the marked correlation function constructed to up-weight low density regions of the Universe, which might help distinguish modified gravity models from the standard cosmology ...

Aims. We aim to investigate the temperature enhancements and formation heights of solar active-region brightenings such as Ellerman bombs (EBs), ultraviolet bursts (UVBs), and flaring active-region fibrils (FAFs) using ...

We analyse the Planck full-mission cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and E -mode polarization maps to obtain constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). We compare estimates obtained from separable ...

The goal of the SunPy project is to facilitate and promote the use and development of community-led, free, and open source data analysis software for solar physics based on the scientific Python environment. The project ...

The suitability of solar pores as magnetic wave guides has been a key topic of discussion in recent years. Here, we present observational evidence of propagating magnetohydrodynamic wave activity in a group of five ...

The largest temperature anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the dipole, which has been measured with increasing accuracy for more than three decades, particularly with the Planck satellite. The simplest ...

Analysis of the Planck 2018 data set indicates that the statistical properties of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies are in excellent agreement with previous studies using the 2013 and 2015 data ...

Observed FeO/MgO ratios in the Moon and Earth are inconsistent with simulations done with a single homogeneous silicate layer. In this paper we use a newly developed equation of state to perform smoothed particle hydrodynamics ...

We present a final description of the data-processing pipeline for the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI), implemented for the 2018 data release. Several improvements have been made with respect to the previous release, ...

Modelling the solar Transition Region with the use of an Adaptive Conduction (TRAC) method permits fast and accurate numerical solutions of the field-aligned hydrodynamic equations, capturing the enthalpy exchange between ...

Observations at millimetre wavelengths provide a valuable tool to study the small-scale dynamics in the solar chromosphere. We evaluate the physical conditions of the atmosphere in the presence of a propagating shock wave ...

WALOP (Wide-Area Linear Optical Polarimeter)-South, to be mounted on the 1m SAAO telescope in South Africa, is first of the two WALOP instruments currently under development for carrying out the PASIPHAE survey. Scheduled ...

Context. Solar observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) facilitate studies of the atmosphere of the Sun at chromospheric heights at high spatial and temporal resolution at millimeter ...

ABSTRACT Analyses of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have found puzzling correlations between their standardized luminosities and host galaxy properties: SNe Ia in high-mass, passive hosts appear brighter than those ...

Context. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are often observed to be accompanied by flare, current sheets, and plasmoids/plasma blobs. 2D and 3D numerical simulations and observations reported plasmoids moving upward as well ...

We present measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing potential using the final Planck 2018 temperature and polarization data. Using polarization maps filtered to account for the noise anisotropy, we ...

Context. Phase mixing of Alfvén waves has been studied extensively as a possible coronal heating mechanism but without the full thermodynamic consequences considered self-consistently. It has been argued that in some cases, ...

By direct measurements of the gas temperature, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) has yielded a new diagnostic tool to study the solar chromosphere. Here, we present an overview of the brightness-temperature ...

The heating of the solar chromosphere and corona to the observed high temperatures, imply the presence of ongoing heating that balances the strong radiative and thermal conduction losses expected in the solar atmosphere. ...

Context. The relative importance of alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) heating mechanisms in maintaining the temperature of the solar corona is not well constrained. Aims. We aim to investigate the effects ...

There has been tremendous progress in the degree of realism of three-dimensional radiation magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of the solar atmosphere in the past decades. Four of the most frequently used numerical codes are ...

Sunspots have played a key role in aiding our understanding of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave phenomena in the Sun’s atmosphere, and it is well known they demonstrate a number of wave phenomena associated with slow MHD ...

We report on the implications for cosmic inflation of the 2018 release of the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy measurements. The results are fully consistent with those reported using the data from the ...

Aims. The Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) instrument is a high-resolution imaging spectrometer operating at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths. In this paper, we present the concept, design, and pre-launch ...

Context. To meet the scientific objectives of the mission, the Solar Orbiter spacecraft carries a suite of in-situ (IS) and remote sensing (RS) instruments designed for joint operations with inter-instrument communication ...

The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) is an array of polarization-sensitive millimeter wave telescopes that observes ∼ 70% of the sky at frequency bands centered near 40 GHz, 90 GHz, 150 GHz, and 220 GHz from ...

We report detection of oscillations in brightness temperature, size and horizontal velocity of three small bright features in the chromosphere of a plage/enhanced-network region. The observations, which were taken with ...

The instrumental advances made in this new era of 4 m class solar telescopes with unmatched spectropolarimetric accuracy and sensitivity will enable the study of chromospheric magnetic fields and their dynamics with ...

Aims. The SINFONI survey for Unveiling the Physics and Effect of Radiative feedback (SUPER) was designed to conduct a blind search for AGN-driven outflows on X-ray-selected AGNs at redshift z  ∼ 2 with high (∼2 kpc) spatial ...

Aims. We investigate the formation of small scales and the related dissipation of magnetohydronamic (MHD) wave energy through non-linear interactions of counter-propagating, phase-mixed Alfvénic waves in a complex magnetic ...

Context. The mechanism(s) behind coronal heating still elude(s) direct observation and modelling of viable theoretical processes and the subsequent effect on coronal structures is one of the key tools available to assess ...

Aims. We investigate synthetic observational signatures generated from numerical models of transverse waves propagating in complex (braided) magnetic fields. Methods. We consider two simulations with different levels ...

ABSTRACT The study of the localized plasma conditions before the impulsive phase of a solar flare can help us understand the physical processes that occur leading up to the main flare energy release. Here, we ...

Abstract Ineke De Moortel, Isobel Falconer and Robert Stack explore the achievements and influence of Hannes Alfvén, in particular his seminal Monthly Notices paper of 1947 on the heating of the solar corona.