Sunspots are intense collections of magnetic fields that pierce through the Sun’s photosphere, with their signatures extending upwards into the outermost extremities of the solar corona1. Cutting-edge observations and ...

The emergence of magnetic flux through the photosphere and into the outer solar atmosphere produces, amongst other dynamical phenomena, Ellerman bombs (EBs), which are observed in the wings of Hα and are due to magnetic ...

Context. Torsional Alfvén waves are promising candidates for the transport of energy across different layers of the solar atmosphere. They have been predicted theoretically for decades. Previous detections of Alfvén waves ...

The emergence of magnetic flux through the photosphere and into the outer solar atmosphere produces, amongst other dynamical phenomena, Ellerman bombs (EBs), which are observed in the wings of Hα and are due to magnetic ...

Inversion codes allow the reconstruction of a model atmosphere from observations. With the inclusion of optically thick lines that form in the solar chromosphere, such modeling is computationally very expensive because a ...

I calculate Lyman-α luminosity and surface brightness; and find that the values are much higher than typical for this kind of galaxy. I find this is due to very high star formation rate; which makes the galaxy superluminous.

The signal measured by an astronomical spectrometer may be due to radiation from a multi-component mixture of plasmas with a range of physical properties (e.g., temperature, Doppler velocity). Confusion between multiple ...

The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph has routinely observed the flaring Mg ii near-ultraviolet (NUV) spectrum, offering excellent diagnostic potential and a window into the location of energy deposition. A number of ...

We studied the physical parameters of the penumbra in a large and fully developed sunspot, one of the largest over the last two solar cycles, by using full-Stokes measurements taken at the photospheric Fe i 617.3 nm and ...

We investigate the shock-induced flow through random particle arrays using particle-resolved Large Eddy Simulations for different incident shock wave Mach numbers, particle volume fractions and particle sizes. We analyze ...

Weak gravitational lensing provides a way of estimating the mass and mass distribution of galaxy clusters at large radii. The clusters act as lenses, so that light emitted by background sources, is bent and distorted by ...

Late time accelerated expansion of the universe is usually considered to be the result of dark energy, and the standard model of cosmology implements the cosmological constant as the drive of the acceleration of the universe. ...

Galactic outflows are critical to our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. However, the details of the underlying feedback process remain unclear. We compare Ly α observations of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) ...

We present a formalism to study screening mechanisms in modified theories of gravity through perturbative methods in different cosmological scenarios. We consider Einstein-frame posed theories that are recast as Jordan-frame ...

The presence of magnetic field is crucial in the transport of energy through the solar atmosphere. Recent ground-based and space-borne observations of the quiet Sun have revealed that magnetic field accumulates at photospheric ...

We present a Bayesian model for multi-resolution component separation for cosmic microwave background (CMB) applications based on Wiener filtering and/or computation of constrained realizations, extending a previously ...

The intergalactic medium (IGM) plays an important role in the formation and evolution of galaxies. Recent developments in upcoming radio telescopes are starting to open up the possibility of making a first direct detection ...

Analytical models for the statistical distribution of the gut content of fish larvae in a turbulent ocean environment are compared to data obtained in a field experiment. The proposed model allows the nutrition state and ...

Bars are a key factor in the long-term evolution of spiral galaxies, in their unique role in redistributing angular momentum and transporting gas and stars on large scales. The Eris-suite simulations are cosmological ...

Solar observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) provide us with direct measurements of the brightness temperature in the solar chromosphere. We study the temperature distributions obtained ...

Observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph often reveal significantly broadened and non-reversed profiles of the Mg ii h, k and triplet lines at flare ribbons. To understand the formation of these optically ...

Ellerman bombs and UV bursts are transient brightenings that are ubiquitously observed in the lower atmospheres of active and emerging flux regions. As they are believed to pinpoint sites of magnetic reconnection in ...

In modern weak-lensing surveys, the common approach to correct for residual systematic biases in the shear is to calibrate shape measurement algorithms using simulations. These simulations must fully capture the complexity ...

Context. Nanoscale events in cooperation with steady heating from a slow heating mechanism, such as slow-burning current-sheets, could be able to heat the corona; however, their observational traces are hard to detect via ...

Context: Ellerman bombs (EBs), observed in the photospheric wings of the Hα line, and UV bursts, observed in the transition region Si IV line, are both brightenings related to flux emergence regions and specifically to ...

We investigate the diagnostic potential of the spectral lines at 850 nm for understanding the magnetism of the lower atmosphere. For that purpose, we use a newly developed 3D simulation of a chromospheric jet to check the ...

The solar Lyα line is the strongest line in the ultraviolet waveband, and is greatly enhanced during solar flares. Here we present radiative hydrodynamic simulations of solar flares under different heating models, and ...

Context: There are currently no reliable methods to measure the transverse velocities of galaxies. This is an important piece of information that is lacking in galaxy catalogues, and it could allow us to probe the physics ...

The detection of gravitational waves (GW) by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations offers a whole new range of possible tests and opens up a new window that may shed light on the nature of dark energy and dark matter. In the ...

The aim of this study is to demonstrate how the logarithmic millimeter continuum gradient observed using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) may be used to estimate optical thickness in the solar ...

We consider two stable Interacting Dark Matter-Dark Energy models and confront them against current Cosmic Microwave Background data from the Planck satellite. We then generate luminosity distance measurements from Script ...

We derive the mass-temperature relation using an improved top-hat model and a continuous formation model which takes into account the effects of the ordered angular momentum acquired through tidal-torque interaction between ...

We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging and grism spectroscopy of a strongly lensed LIRG at z = 0.816, SGAS 143845.1+145407, and use the magnification boost of gravitational lensing to study the distribution of ...

Searches for modified gravity in the large-scale structure try to detect the enhanced amplitude of density fluctuations caused by the fifth force present in many of these theories. Neutrinos, on the other hand, suppress ...

e report observations of small-scale swirls seen in the solar chromosphere. They are typically 2 Mm in diameter and last around 10 minutes. Using spectropolarimetric observations obtained by the CRisp Imaging Spectro-Polarimeter ...

Due to the accelerated expansion of the visible Universe, the Symmetron has been proposed as a modification of the standard Einstein field equations. I investigate the feasibility of the Symmetron in light of radial ...

Dynamical jets are generally found on light bridges (LBs), which are key to studying sunspot decay. So far, their formation mechanism is not fully understood. In this paper, we used state-of-the-art observations from the ...

Magnetic bright points (MBPs) are small-scale magnetic elements ubiquitous across the solar disc, with the prevailing theory suggesting that they form due to the process of convective collapse. Employing a unique full ...

Context: Based on recent observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), claims of statistical anomalies in the properties of the CMB fluctuations have been made. Although the statistical significance of the anomalies ...

Context: The solar chromosphere and the lower transition region are believed to play a crucial role in the heating of the solar corona. Models that describe the chromosphere (and the lower transition region), accounting ...

Line-intensity mapping is an emerging field of observational work, with strong potential to fit into a larger effort to probe large-scale structure and small-scale astrophysical phenomena using multiple complementary ...

Manganese (Mn) is a key Fe-group element, commonly employed in stellar population and nucleosynthesis studies to explore the role of SN Ia. We have developed a new non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) model of Mn, ...

Galaxy cluster counts in bins of mass and redshift have been shown to be a competitive probe to test cosmological models. This method requires an efficient blind detection of clusters from surveys with a well-known selection ...

Context. Densely packed coronal loops are rooted in photospheric plages in the vicinity of active regions on the Sun. The photospheric magnetic features underlying these plage areas are patches of mostly unidirectional ...

We present the first spatially resolved analysis of rest-frame optical and UV imaging and spectroscopy for a lensed galaxy at z = 2.39 hosting a Seyfert active galactic nucleus (AGN). Proximity to a natural guide star has ...

Ellerman bombs are transient brightenings in the wings of Hα 6563 Å that pinpoint photospheric sites of magnetic reconnection in solar active regions. Their partial visibility in the 1600 Å and 1700 Å continua registered ...

The study of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a cornerstone of modern cosmology and allows us to explore the history of the Universe. Both the temperature and the polarization of the CMB field carry vital information ...

With a total integration time of 168 h and a narrowband filter tuned to Lyα emission from z = 8.8, the UltraVISTA survey has set out to find some of the most distant galaxies, on the verge of the epoch of reionization. ...

The availability of large data sets with stellar distance and polarization information will enable a tomographic reconstruction of the (plane-of-the-sky-projected) interstellar magnetic field in the near future. We demonstrate ...

Active region moss—the upper transition region of hot loops—was observed exhibiting rapid intensity variability on timescales of order 15 s by Testa et al. in a short time series (~150 s) data set from Hi-C (High-resolution ...

We infer the properties of massive star populations using the far-ultraviolet stellar continua of 61 star-forming galaxies: 42 at low redshift observed with the Hubble Space Telescope and 19 at z ~ 2 from the MegaSaura ...

Investigating properties of vortices formed in the superfluid dark matter picture, along with the parameter space of the model.

Hinode is Japan’s third solar mission following Hinotori (1981–1982) and Yohkoh (1991–2001): it was launched on 2006 September 22 and is in operation currently. Hinode carries three instruments: the Solar Optical Telescope, ...

To extract the information that the Mg ii NUV spectra (observed by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph) carry about the chromosphere during solar flares, and to validate models of energy transport via model–data ...

Future Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) satellite missions aim at using the B-mode polarisation signal to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio r with a sensitivity σ(r) of the order of ≤ 10-2. Small uncertainties in the ...

The Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE) is a proposed mission aimed at understanding the physical mechanisms driving the heating of the solar corona and the eruptions that are at the foundation of space weather. MUSE contains ...

Context. Thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) is a phenomenon that can occur in solar coronal loops when the heating is quasi-constant and highly-stratified. Under such heating conditions, coronal loops undergo cycles of evaporation ...

Even in quiet areas underneath coronal holes the solar chromosphere contains ubiquitous heating events. They tend to be small scale and short lived, hence difficult to identify. Here we do not address their much-debated ...

Since there is no known symmetry in nature that prevents a nonminimal coupling between the dark energy (DE) and cold dark matter (CDM) components, such a possibility constitutes an alternative to standard cosmology, with ...

During the epoch of reionization, neutral gas in the early Universe was ionized by hard ultraviolet radiation emitted by young stars in the first galaxies. To do so, ionizing ultraviolet photons must escape from the host ...

Modified gravity (MG) theories aim to reproduce the observed acceleration of the Universe by reducing the dark sector while simultaneously recovering General Relativity (GR) within dense environments. Void studies appear ...

We report on quasar outflow properties revealed by analyzing more than 60 composite outflow spectra built from ~60,000 C iv absorption troughs in the SDSS-III/BOSS DR12QBAL catalog. We assess the dependences of the equivalent ...

While the origin and composition of dark matter and dark energy remains unknown, it is possible that they might represent two manifestations of a single entity, as occurring in unified dark sector models. On the other hand, ...

We present the version 2 of AlterBBN, an open public code for the calculation of the abundance of the elements from Big-Bang nucleosynthesis. It does not rely on any closed external library or program, aims at being ...

We characterize, for the first time, type-II spicules in Ca II K 3934 Å using the CHROMIS instrument at the Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope. We find that their line formation is dominated by opacity shifts with the K3 minimum ...

We present near-infrared observations of 42 gravitationally lensed galaxies obtained in the framework of the KMOS Lensed Emission Lines and VElocity Review (KLEVER) Survey, a programme aimed at investigating the spatially ...

Context. Coronal rain consists of cool plasma condensations formed in coronal loops as a result of thermal instability. The standard models of coronal rain formation assume that the heating is quasi-steady and localised ...

Context. Sunspot observations in chromospheric spectral lines have revealed short-lived linear bright transients that are commonly referred to as penumbral microjets (PMJs). Details on the origin and physical nature of ...

Einstein's theory of general relativity is currently our best model for how gravity works. It can be used to predict motions of planets, the speed-up of clocks on GPS satellites, and gravitational waves. General relativity ...

High-energy particles enter the solar atmosphere from Galactic or solar coronal sources, and produce ‘albedo’ emission from the quiet Sun that is now observable across a wide range of photon energies. The interaction of ...

The evolution of the virial overdensity Δvir for ΛCDM and seven dynamical dark-energy models is investigated in the extended spherical collapse model (SCM). Here the virialization process is naturally achieved by introducing ...

The quintessence model is one of the simplest and better known alternatives to Einstein’s theory for gravity. The properties of the solutions have been studied in great detail in the background, linear and non-linear ...

We provide predictions of the yield of 7 <  z <  9 quasars from the Euclid wide survey, updating the calculation presented in the Euclid Red Book in several ways. We account for revisions to the Euclid near-infrared ...

Context. Velocity or intensity swirls have now been shown to be widely present throughout the photosphere and chromosphere. It has been suggested that these events could contribute to the heating of the upper solar atmosphere, ...

Upon its discovery, the low-density transiting Neptune HAT-P-26b showed a 2.1σ detection drift in its spectroscopic data, while photometric data showed a weak curvature in the timing residuals, the confirmation of which ...

The first known interstellar object 'Oumuamua exhibited a nongravitational acceleration that appeared inconsistent with cometary outgassing, leaving radiation pressure as the most likely force. Barring the alien lightsail ...

Context. The Kepler Object of Interest Network (KOINet) is a multi-site network of telescopes around the globe organised for follow-up observations of transiting planet candidate Kepler objects of interest with large transit ...

Observational evidence revealing the main mechanisms that accelerate quasar outflows has proven difficult to obtain due to the complexity of the absorption features that this gas produces in the spectra of the emission ...

The dominant feedback mechanism in low-mass haloes is usually assumed to take the form of massive stars exploding as supernovae (SNe). We perform very high resolution cosmological zoom-in simulations of five dwarf galaxies ...

The second Hi-C flight (Hi-C 2.1) provided unprecedentedly high spatial and temporal resolution (~250 km, 4.4 s) coronal EUV images of Fe ix/x emission at 172 Å of AR 12712 on 2018 May 29, during 18:56:21–19:01:56 UT. Three ...

We present high-resolution, high-cadence observations of six, fine-scale, on-disk jet-like events observed by the High-resolution Coronal Imager 2.1 (Hi-C 2.1) during its sounding-rocket flight. We combine the Hi-C 2.1 ...

This is an overview of non-equilibrium aspects of the formation of solar continua and lines affecting the contributions by magnetic network and plage to spectrally resolved solar irradiance. After a brief summary of these ...

Context. Magnetic flux emergence from the solar interior has been shown to be a key mechanism for unleashing a wide variety of phenomena. However, there are still open questions concerning the rise of the magnetized plasma ...

Aims. We investigate the transfer of energy between a fundamental standing kink mode and azimuthal Alfvén waves within an expanding coronal magnetic flux tube. We consider the process of resonant absorption in a loop with ...

Context. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves are ubiquitous in the solar corona where the highly structured magnetic fields provide efficient wave guides for their propagation. While MHD waves have been observed originating ...

Aims. We investigate the propagation of transverse magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave fronts through a coronal plasma containing a braided magnetic field. Methods. We performed a series of three dimensional MHD simulations ...

We present spatially resolved Echelle spectroscopy of an intervening Mg II–Fe II–Mg I absorption-line system detected at zabs = 0.73379 towards the giant gravitational arc PSZ1 G311.65–18.48. The absorbing gas is associated ...

We present a measurement of the cosmic microwave background lensing potential using 500 deg2 of 150 GHz data from the SPTpol receiver on the South Pole Telescope. The lensing potential is reconstructed with signal-to-noise ...

The origin of the disk and spheroid of galaxies has been a key open question in understanding their morphology. Using the high-resolution cosmological simulation New Horizon, we explore kinematically decomposed disk and ...

The volume of data being collected in solar physics has exponentially increased over the past decade and with the introduction of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) we will be entering the age of petabyte solar ...

We consider a cosmological model with an interaction between dark matter and dark energy which leaves the background cosmology unaffected and only affects the evolution of the perturbations. This is achieved by introducing ...

The GOES X1 flare SOL2014-10-25T17:08:00 was a three-ribbon solar flare observed with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) in the near-UV (NUV) and far-UV. One of the flare ribbons crossed a sunspot umbra, ...