Context. Penumbral microjets (PMJs) are short-lived, jet-like objects found in the penumbra of sunspots. They were first discovered in chromospheric lines and have later also been shown to exhibit signals in transition ...

A new upper limit on the 21 cm signal power spectrum at a redshift of z ≈ 9.1 is presented, based on 141 h of data obtained with the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR). The analysis includes significant improvements in spectrally ...

Sunspots are intense collections of magnetic fields that pierce through the Sun’s photosphere, with their signatures extending upwards into the outermost extremities of the solar corona1. Cutting-edge observations and ...

The emergence of magnetic flux through the photosphere and into the outer solar atmosphere produces, amongst other dynamical phenomena, Ellerman bombs (EBs), which are observed in the wings of Hα and are due to magnetic ...

Gravitational waveforms from mergers or close-encounters of astrophysical compact bodies provide a new and separate window into high energy physics and dark objects. Although there is a zoo of theoretical compact objects ...

The SunPy Project developed a 13-question survey to understand the software and hardware usage of the solar-physics community. Of the solar-physics community, 364 members across 35 countries responded to our survey. We ...

We present the highest-resolution—15 pc (0farcs03)—ALMA 12CO(2–1) line emission and 1.3 mm continuum maps, tracers of the molecular gas and dust, respectively, in the nearby merging galaxy system NGC 6240, which hosts two ...

The Euclid mission will observe well over a billion galaxies out to z ∼ 6 and beyond. This will offer an unrivalled opportunity to investigate several key questions for understanding galaxy formation and evolution. The ...

Context. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) started regular observations of the Sun in 2016, first offering receiver Band 3 at wavelengths near 3 mm (100 GHz) and Band 6 at wavelengths around 1.25 mm ...

Context. Stage IV weak lensing experiments will offer more than an order of magnitude leap in precision. We must therefore ensure that our analyses remain accurate in this new era. Accordingly, previously ignored systematic ...

Context. Torsional Alfvén waves are promising candidates for the transport of energy across different layers of the solar atmosphere. They have been predicted theoretically for decades. Previous detections of Alfvén waves ...

Context. Long-period intensity pulsations were recently detected in the EUV emission of coronal loops and attributed to cycles of plasma evaporation and condensation driven by thermal non-equilibrium (TNE). Numerical ...

The emergence of magnetic flux through the photosphere and into the outer solar atmosphere produces, amongst other dynamical phenomena, Ellerman bombs (EBs), which are observed in the wings of Hα and are due to magnetic ...

We consider the possibility that dark energy and baryons might scatter off each other. The type of interaction we consider leads to a pure momentum exchange, and does not affect the background evolution of the expansion ...

We investigate a well known scenario of interaction in the dark sector where the vacuum energy is interacting with cold dark matter throughout the cosmic evolution in light of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data ...

We develop perturbation theory approaches to model the marked correlation function constructed to up-weight low density regions of the Universe, which might help distinguish modified gravity models from the standard cosmology ...

Context. Numerical simulations of the solar chromosphere predict a diverse thermal structure with both hot and cool regions. Observations of plage regions in particular typically feature broader and brighter chromospheric ...

Non-linear electrodynamics (NLED) theories are well-motivated extensions of QED in the strong field regime, and have long been studied in the search for regular black hole (BH) solutions. We consider two well-studied and ...

Aims. Our aim is to quantify the impact of systematic effects on the inference of cosmological parameters from cosmic shear. Methods. We present an “end-to-end” approach that introduces sources of bias in a modelled weak ...

We determine the relationship between the turnaround radius, Rt, and mass, Mt, in Λ CDM , and in dark energy scenarios, using an extended spherical collapse model taking into account the effects of shear and vorticity. We ...

Foreground components in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) are sparse in a needlet representation, due to their specific morphological features (anisotropy, non-Gaussianity). This leads to the possibility of applying ...

Context. The pursuit of more realistic spectroscopic modelling and consistent abundances has led us to begin a new series of papers designed to improve current solar and stellar abundances of various atomic species. To ...

Context. Isotopologue line intensity ratios of circumstellar molecules have been widely used to trace the photospheric elemental isotopic ratios of evolved stars. However, depending on the molecular species and the physical ...

Context. Hot coronal jets are a basic observed feature of the solar atmosphere whose physical origin is still actively debated. Aims. We study six recurrent jets that occurred in active region NOAA 12644 on April 4, 2017. ...

It is always interesting to investigate how well can a future experiment perform with respect to others (present or future ones). Cosmology is really an exciting field where a lot of puzzles are still unknown. In this ...

Context. Magnetic bright points (MBPs) are dynamic, small-scale magnetic elements often found with field strengths of the order of a kilogauss within intergranular lanes in the photosphere. Aims. Here we study the evolution ...

The Lambda-Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) model agrees with most of the cosmological observations, but has some hindrances from observed data at smaller scales such as galaxies. Recently, Berezhiani and Khoury proposed a new ...

We present interferometric observations of the CN(1–0) line emission in Mrk 231 and combine them with previous observations of CO and other H2 gas tracers to study the physical properties of the massive molecular outflow. ...

We derive constraints on the thermal and ionization states of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at redshift ≈ 9.1 using new upper limits on the 21-cm power spectrum measured by the LOFAR radio telescope and a prior on the ...

We present a novel method of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) within the smoothed particle hydrodynamics scheme (SPMHD) using the geometric density average force expression. Geometric density average within smoothed particle ...

We present the discovery of PSO J030947.49+271757.31, the radio brightest (23.7 mJy at 1.4 GHz) active galactic nucleus (AGN) at z >  6.0. It was selected by cross-matching the NRAO VLA Sky Survey and the Panoramic ...

We present a new analytical equation of state (EOS), which correctly models high pressure theory and fits well to the experimental data of ɛ-Fe, SiO2, Mg2, and the Earth. The cold part of the EOS is modeled after the Varpoly ...

We present ALMA Band 7 data of the[CII]lm157.74memission line and underlying far-IR(FIR)continuum for12 luminous quasars atz4.8powered by fast-growing supermassive black holes(SMBHs). Our totalsample consists of 18 ...

We report new detections and limits from a NOEMA and ALMA CO(1-0) search for molecular outflows in 13 local galaxies with high far-infrared surface brightness, and combine these with local universe CO outflow results from ...

Weak lensing, which is the deflection of light by matter along the line of sight, has proven to be an efficient method for constraining models of structure formation and reveal the nature of dark energy. So far, most ...

We present strong gravitational lensing models for 37 galaxy clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Giant Arcs Survey. We combine data from multi-band Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) imaging, with ...

We report new galaxy clusters previously unknown included in the first Planck Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) sources catalogue, the PSZ1. The results presented here were achieved during the second year of a two-year observational ...

Aims. We intend to understand cosmological structure formation within the framework of superfluid models of dark matter with finite temperatures. Of particular interest is the evolution of small-scale structures where the ...

Context. Future weak lensing surveys, such as the Euclid mission, will attempt to measure the shapes of billions of galaxies in order to derive cosmological information. These surveys will attain very low levels of statistical ...

Context. Coronal rain consists of cool and dense plasma condensations formed in coronal loops as a result of thermal instability. Aims. Previous numerical simulations of thermal instability and coronal rain formation have ...

Context. Ambipolar diffusion is a physical mechanism related to the drift between charged and neutral particles in a partially ionized plasma that is key to many different astrophysical systems. However, understanding its ...

Inversion codes allow the reconstruction of a model atmosphere from observations. With the inclusion of optically thick lines that form in the solar chromosphere, such modeling is computationally very expensive because a ...

I calculate Lyman-α luminosity and surface brightness; and find that the values are much higher than typical for this kind of galaxy. I find this is due to very high star formation rate; which makes the galaxy superluminous.

Context: There are currently no reliable methods to measure the transverse velocities of galaxies. This is an important piece of information that is lacking in galaxy catalogues, and it could allow us to probe the physics ...

Context. Nanoscale events in cooperation with steady heating from a slow heating mechanism, such as slow-burning current-sheets, could be able to heat the corona; however, their observational traces are hard to detect via ...

We present a formalism to study screening mechanisms in modified theories of gravity through perturbative methods in different cosmological scenarios. We consider Einstein-frame posed theories that are recast as Jordan-frame ...

Observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph often reveal significantly broadened and non-reversed profiles of the Mg ii h, k and triplet lines at flare ribbons. To understand the formation of these optically ...

We present a Bayesian model for multi-resolution component separation for cosmic microwave background (CMB) applications based on Wiener filtering and/or computation of constrained realizations, extending a previously ...

Analytical models for the statistical distribution of the gut content of fish larvae in a turbulent ocean environment are compared to data obtained in a field experiment. The proposed model allows the nutrition state and ...

We derive the mass-temperature relation using an improved top-hat model and a continuous formation model which takes into account the effects of the ordered angular momentum acquired through tidal-torque interaction between ...

Context: Ellerman bombs (EBs), observed in the photospheric wings of the Hα line, and UV bursts, observed in the transition region Si IV line, are both brightenings related to flux emergence regions and specifically to ...

In modern weak-lensing surveys, the common approach to correct for residual systematic biases in the shear is to calibrate shape measurement algorithms using simulations. These simulations must fully capture the complexity ...

Bars are a key factor in the long-term evolution of spiral galaxies, in their unique role in redistributing angular momentum and transporting gas and stars on large scales. The Eris-suite simulations are cosmological ...

The solar Lyα line is the strongest line in the ultraviolet waveband, and is greatly enhanced during solar flares. Here we present radiative hydrodynamic simulations of solar flares under different heating models, and ...

Dynamical jets are generally found on light bridges (LBs), which are key to studying sunspot decay. So far, their formation mechanism is not fully understood. In this paper, we used state-of-the-art observations from the ...

The presence of magnetic field is crucial in the transport of energy through the solar atmosphere. Recent ground-based and space-borne observations of the quiet Sun have revealed that magnetic field accumulates at photospheric ...

e report observations of small-scale swirls seen in the solar chromosphere. They are typically 2 Mm in diameter and last around 10 minutes. Using spectropolarimetric observations obtained by the CRisp Imaging Spectro-Polarimeter ...

The aim of this study is to demonstrate how the logarithmic millimeter continuum gradient observed using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) may be used to estimate optical thickness in the solar ...

We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging and grism spectroscopy of a strongly lensed LIRG at z = 0.816, SGAS 143845.1+145407, and use the magnification boost of gravitational lensing to study the distribution of ...

We consider two stable Interacting Dark Matter-Dark Energy models and confront them against current Cosmic Microwave Background data from the Planck satellite. We then generate luminosity distance measurements from Script ...

Due to the accelerated expansion of the visible Universe, the Symmetron has been proposed as a modification of the standard Einstein field equations. I investigate the feasibility of the Symmetron in light of radial ...

Solar observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) provide us with direct measurements of the brightness temperature in the solar chromosphere. We study the temperature distributions obtained ...

Ellerman bombs and UV bursts are transient brightenings that are ubiquitously observed in the lower atmospheres of active and emerging flux regions. As they are believed to pinpoint sites of magnetic reconnection in ...

Searches for modified gravity in the large-scale structure try to detect the enhanced amplitude of density fluctuations caused by the fifth force present in many of these theories. Neutrinos, on the other hand, suppress ...

The detection of gravitational waves (GW) by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations offers a whole new range of possible tests and opens up a new window that may shed light on the nature of dark energy and dark matter. In the ...

The intergalactic medium (IGM) plays an important role in the formation and evolution of galaxies. Recent developments in upcoming radio telescopes are starting to open up the possibility of making a first direct detection ...

We investigate the diagnostic potential of the spectral lines at 850 nm for understanding the magnetism of the lower atmosphere. For that purpose, we use a newly developed 3D simulation of a chromospheric jet to check the ...

Galactic outflows are critical to our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. However, the details of the underlying feedback process remain unclear. We compare Ly α observations of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) ...

Weak gravitational lensing provides a way of estimating the mass and mass distribution of galaxy clusters at large radii. The clusters act as lenses, so that light emitted by background sources, is bent and distorted by ...

We investigate the shock-induced flow through random particle arrays using particle-resolved Large Eddy Simulations for different incident shock wave Mach numbers, particle volume fractions and particle sizes. We analyze ...

Late time accelerated expansion of the universe is usually considered to be the result of dark energy, and the standard model of cosmology implements the cosmological constant as the drive of the acceleration of the universe. ...

Galaxy cluster counts in bins of mass and redshift have been shown to be a competitive probe to test cosmological models. This method requires an efficient blind detection of clusters from surveys with a well-known selection ...

The GOES X1 flare SOL2014-10-25T17:08:00 was a three-ribbon solar flare observed with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) in the near-UV (NUV) and far-UV. One of the flare ribbons crossed a sunspot umbra, ...

During a solar flare, it is believed that reconnection takes place in the corona followed by fast energy transport to the chromosphere. The resulting intense heating strongly disturbs the chromospheric structure and induces ...

The study of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a cornerstone of modern cosmology and allows us to explore the history of the Universe. Both the temperature and the polarization of the CMB field carry vital information ...

Manganese (Mn) is a key Fe-group element, commonly employed in stellar population and nucleosynthesis studies to explore the role of SN Ia. We have developed a new non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) model of Mn, ...

We characterize, for the first time, type-II spicules in Ca II K 3934 Å using the CHROMIS instrument at the Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope. We find that their line formation is dominated by opacity shifts with the K3 minimum ...

We present the first spatially resolved analysis of rest-frame optical and UV imaging and spectroscopy for a lensed galaxy at z = 2.39 hosting a Seyfert active galactic nucleus (AGN). Proximity to a natural guide star has ...

Ellerman bombs are transient brightenings in the wings of Hα 6563 Å that pinpoint photospheric sites of magnetic reconnection in solar active regions. Their partial visibility in the 1600 Å and 1700 Å continua registered ...

Eruptive flares (EFs) are associated with erupting filaments and, in some models, filament eruption drives flare reconnection. Recently, however, observations of a confined flare (CF) have revealed all the hallmarks of an ...

Context. Densely packed coronal loops are rooted in photospheric plages in the vicinity of active regions on the Sun. The photospheric magnetic features underlying these plage areas are patches of mostly unidirectional ...

With a total integration time of 168 h and a narrowband filter tuned to Lyα emission from z = 8.8, the UltraVISTA survey has set out to find some of the most distant galaxies, on the verge of the epoch of reionization. ...

Line-intensity mapping is an emerging field of observational work, with strong potential to fit into a larger effort to probe large-scale structure and small-scale astrophysical phenomena using multiple complementary ...

Active region moss—the upper transition region of hot loops—was observed exhibiting rapid intensity variability on timescales of order 15 s by Testa et al. in a short time series (~150 s) data set from Hi-C (High-resolution ...

Future Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) satellite missions aim at using the B-mode polarisation signal to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio r with a sensitivity σ(r) of the order of ≤ 10-2. Small uncertainties in the ...

The availability of large data sets with stellar distance and polarization information will enable a tomographic reconstruction of the (plane-of-the-sky-projected) interstellar magnetic field in the near future. We demonstrate ...

Context. Coronal rain consists of cool plasma condensations formed in coronal loops as a result of thermal instability. The standard models of coronal rain formation assume that the heating is quasi-steady and localised ...

During the epoch of reionization, neutral gas in the early Universe was ionized by hard ultraviolet radiation emitted by young stars in the first galaxies. To do so, ionizing ultraviolet photons must escape from the host ...

Magnetic bright points (MBPs) are small-scale magnetic elements ubiquitous across the solar disc, with the prevailing theory suggesting that they form due to the process of convective collapse. Employing a unique full ...

Context: The solar chromosphere and the lower transition region are believed to play a crucial role in the heating of the solar corona. Models that describe the chromosphere (and the lower transition region), accounting ...

We infer the properties of massive star populations using the far-ultraviolet stellar continua of 61 star-forming galaxies: 42 at low redshift observed with the Hubble Space Telescope and 19 at z ~ 2 from the MegaSaura ...

The volume of data being collected in solar physics has exponentially increased over the past decade and with the introduction of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) we will be entering the age of petabyte solar ...