In addition to the mortgage of the ship as a security in shipping finance, charterparty has increasingly developed its role as one of the important securities which the creditor will commonly take it as a supplemental ...

This paper discusses the application of Article 81 EC to the tramp shipping sector.This paper is dedicated to my family. I would like to thank my supervisor, Rosa Greaves, and Alla Pozdnakova for their guidance and helpful ...

The controversial case Achilleas was submitted to The United Kingdom Supreme Court last year after the judgement of the Court of Appeal which was in favour of the owner. The House of Lords surprisingly overturned the ...

Every year Norwegian Coastguard vessels are involved in different salvage, towage and environmental damage operations. This thesis identifies the rules involved in such operations, and explores the rules from a Coastguard ...

Traditionally, the nature of shipbuilding contract is regarded as pure sale of goods under English law. According to two English cases, now it appears that it s regarded as a hybrid contract of construction and sale. There ...

The thesis examines Norwegian jurisdiction in the Barents Sea and especially deals with the disputed area due to the Norwegian Russian dispute of delimitation of their EEZ's. Furthermore the thesis examines International ...

Abstract When a ship is fixed on a voyage charter or time charter, the charterer may use tonnage which has been chartered to him to transport goods owned by third-party cargo owners. This thesis will discuss this situation: ...

In this thesis an overview of specific possibilities to secure a maritime claim available to claimants from all over the world, based on the legal regimes of arrest of ships in Norway and Ukraine, as well as on Rule B ...

The standard Norwegian contracts which are used are the Ship 2000 and New Contract of 1981. Shipbuilding contracts are comprehensive and are so detailed that they are supposed to be able so solve problems without referring ...

This thesis deals with Deliberate or Intentional discharge of oil into the High Sea: It analyses the efficacy of laws and techniques used in detecting and combating the problem. It also compromises a comparative study ...

The increase in Hijakings of vessels by Pirates has caused a serious concern for cargo owners and insurers alike. This paper will be a comparative analysis of the insurance cover provided by the 1995 Norwegian Cargo Clauses ...

The purpose of this work will be to illustrate how problematic stowaways are from the shipping industry’s point of view. The ship owner is not only faced with financial liability but also with contractual liability as ...

Contracts used by marine contractors in the offshore installation business are normally detailed and large in size. The contracts deals with complex projects and regulates obligations and economic risk between the parties. This ...

Company A and company B enters into an EPC contract for the supply, installation and commissioning of a process plant. During the execution phase they encounters several problems such as delays and extra costs due to changes ...

The Black Sea is an enclosed sea, which is situated between Europe and Asia and is surrounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey and Ukraine. It is connected to Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea and the world oceans ...

The topic of this paper is insurance to the benefit of a third party, i.e. insurance protecting a person other than the one effecting the insurance contract under P&I (Protection and Indemnity) insurance which is the central ...

Abstract The concept of risk under sea carriage is an important subject under sales law. This due to the fact that when goods are handed over from the seller to a carrier, neither the seller nor the buyer has physical ...

The present thesis presents the european directive regarding the financial collateral arrangements and its implementation in Greek and English national law respectively. Furthermore, an evaluaton of its future effect on ...

The aim of this thesis is to assess the efficiency of the conventions regarding their capacity to avoid oil pollution damage caused by vessel´s accident. This assessment will focus on the following conventions: the ...

This thesis will concentrate on discussion and legal analysis of Norwegian and Russian regulations with regard to registration of ships and rights to the ships in different registers of ships. The thesis will specifically ...

One of the main challenges of Mexico is the development of its Petroleum System. A mixture of a bad administration, corruption and a highly restricted juridical scheme has, technically and financially, collapsed the industry. ...

The UNCITRAL Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods [wholly or partly] by Sea has an ambition of replacing current maritime regimes and expands the application of the Convention to include also ...

The development phase of an offshore oil field involves a series of contracting activities which are no less complex than the projects themselves. Along the years, this has lead to an area of expertise for the legal ...

The thesis deals with the consequences of the annulment of Framework Decision 2005/667/JHA. The Community sticks to criminal law as a necessary tool to enforce the Community rules on maritime saftey. Unfortunately, the ...

There are different ways to transport natural gas. One way is to cool it to a temperature of -162°C and transport it in liquefied form (LNG). This is both a well known and often used method in the shipping industry. It ...

The objective of the thesis is to examine the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage – the Bunker Convention – that implements a liability and compensation regime for pollution damage ...

THESIS RESUME For the Mexican people the petroleum is not just a hydrocarbon, but part of their national identity. It is a kind of patriotic symbol and a main part of their sovereignty. This is reflected in their Constitution ...

"Conditions of Use" are standardised contracts which are utilised within several areas of shipping. This thesis analyses the conditions issued by gas terminals to shipowners, allocating risks arising during the vessel's ...

This thesis assesses the situation and potential success in legal practice of one major invention in the maritime industry, namely, the electronic bill of lading by taking into consideration developments of the relevant ...

The objective of this thesis is to analyse the local content requirements in the Brazilian upstream oil industry. This analysis focuses on the requirements set forth in the Concession Agreements drafted by the National Oil ...

The “charterer’s liability insurance” is a type of marine insurance. Most ships are chartered either on a time charter or voyage charter contract. In both cases the charterer assumes liabilities towards the shipowner because ...

Maritime transportation is the oldest of the transportation forms of moving larger quantities of cargo with long tradition and culture. As ancient as the transport at sea, so is also the history of pirates. Some say that ...

The contractual relationship between the shipowner and the shipmanager. Furthermore the legal relationship between third party claimants and shipmanager and/or shipowner, hereunder questions of jurisdiction and choice of ...

The exploitation of the seas for human trade and for transport of illegal drugs, weapons and endangered species has grown exponentially during the past 20 years. These illegal activities have a negative impact on the ...

The scope of this paper is on the one hand, to gather in one place and to shortly present the most important legal norms that are linked to environmental management, following the path EU – Norwegian national, regional and ...