In this thesis we will study the phase space, Ph(A), for an associative k-algebra A. The phase space can be considered as a noncommutative tangent bundle. We will derive algebraic notions of points, curves, tangent vectors ...

In this thesis, we consider applications of directed algebraic topology in optimization theory, by representing directed graphs as directed topological spaces. We review the classical max-flow min-cut theorem and a ...

Denne oppgaven studerer Reed-Solomon-koder og ser på hvordan dekoding av disse kan relateres til å finne potenssumdekomposisjoner av polynomer, hvilket kan tolkes geometrisk som å finne et sekantplan til den rasjonale ...

This thesis aims to study the risk measure Conditional Value-at-Risk and analyse an optimization problem of maximizing expected return subject to this risk measure. The analysis include performing Fourier-Motzkin eliminations ...

In their article, "Continuity of the Spectrum of a Field of Self-Adjoint Operators", Beckus and Bellissard discuss the following problem: Given a family of bounded, self-adjoint linear operators indexed by a parameter t ...

Parallellaksiomet er det eneste aksiomet der hyperbolsk geometri skiller seg fra euklidsk. Mens det i euklidsk geometri er en unik linje som går gjennom et gitt punkt og er parallell med en gitt linje, finnes det i hyperbolsk ...

This thesis studies a relationship between solving optimal stopping problems and solving the weak variational inequalites. We prove a theorem that presents conditions under which the weak variatonal inequalities have a ...

Målet med denne masteroppgaven er å se på teorien som ligger til grunn for en rangeringsmodell kalt Offense-Defense Modellen. Jeg skriver om matriseskaleringer og dobbeltstokastiske matriser som ender med Sinkhorn-Knopp ...

Denne oppgaven er skrevet i faget MAT5930L, som er det siste faget i Lektorprogrammet ved UiO. Emnet er Euklids Elementer. Vi ser på noen av proposisjonene i de tre første bøkene av Elementer. Her fokuserer vi på hvordan ...

En polytop er et legeme i det euklidske rom som avgrenses av et endelig antall hyperplan. Vi kan legge på ulike begrensninger på polytopene og få et ulikt utvalg polytoper. I denne avhandlingen ser vi på polytoper av ulik ...

A detailed study of computable iterations of Gödel-sentences, both in normal recursion and generalisations to other recursive theories.

The study of generic quartic symmetroids in projective 3-space dates back to Cayley, but little is known about the special specimens. This thesis sets out to survey the possibilities in the non-generic case. We prove that ...

In 1862, substituting for professor O. J. Broch, Ludvig Sylow gives the first lectures ever given on the field of Galois theory in Norway, at the University of Christiania. He lectures on, amongst other things, what he ...

Punktene på en elliptisk kurve danner en gruppe. Hvis vi kaller origo i gruppa for Q, er et n-torsjonspunkt et punkt P som er slik at nP=Q. Mengden n-torsjonspunkter danner en abelsk gruppe. Alle 3-torsjonspunktene på en ...

An examination of the abridged notation introduced by Salmon for plane geometry. Culminating in its use to prove the theorems of Brianchon and Pascal, Steiner's theorem on Pascal's Hexagon and Steiner's solution of the ...

One of the puzzlingly hard problems in \emph{Computer Aided Geometric Design} and \emph{Approximation Theory} is that of finding the dimension of the spline space of $C^r$ piecewise polynomials of degree $n$ over a planar ...

The first part of the thesis concerns the problem of ranking in general. We take a closer look at the two ranking methods; Elo rating and Colley rating. The former is used to rate and rank chess players, whereas the latter ...

In this thesis we compute the K_2-homology of B^3\Z=K(\Z,3) following Ravenel-Wilson, and exhibit all ring spectrum maps from \Sigma^\infty B^3\Z_+ to K_2. We define the complex oriented theory K_n as a quotient of Lubin-Tate ...

In elliptic curve cryptography, the choice of the elliptic curve is important for security. This is because there exist elliptic curves where certain shortcuts can be made that breaks the security of elliptic curve ...

The thesis solves the problem of finding the local-risk minimizing strategies in an incomplete market of electricity and fuels where there is a time-change. This is done under two methodologies: in the classical sense and ...

In this thesis we will consider Markov operators on cones . More precisely, we let X equipped with certain norm be a real Banach space, K in X be a closed, normal cone with nonempty interior, e in Int (K) be an order unit. ...

We define various notions of rank of a polynomial, and study them via apolarity. We treat the notion of natural rank in particular depth, and classify ternary forms of degree at most four and quaternary forms of degree at ...

By a result due to F. Forstnerič, injective holomorphic maps defined and close to the identity on a certain neighborhood of the intersection of A and B (where (A,B) is a Cartan pair in a complex manifold X) admit compositional ...

In 1968 John Milnor published his now classic "Singular points of complex hypersurfaces". In this he proved the following theorem: Let f be a holomorphic function from n-dimensional complex space to one-dimensional complex ...

In this thesis, we shall apply methods developed by Bertrand Deroin to solve the tangential Cauchy-Riemann equations on positive line bundles over compact hyperbolic Riemann surface laminations. In particular, we shall ...

When we inspect a disease, the social structure may be important for how a disease spread. The people with many friends, may face a bigger risk for infection than a person with few friends. The social network we may represent ...

In this master’s thesis we define a pricing model for futures contracts by using Lévy processes in an infinite dimensional Hilbert space H. The elements in H are assumed to be absolutely continuous functions on the positive ...

The European Trading Scheme (ETS) has been implemented as a way of reducing emissions of greenhouse gasses. In this scheme European Union emission allowances (EUAs) are traded during the so called trading period. In the ...

Let G(d,n) be the Grassmannian parametrizing d-dimensional linear subspaces in an n-dimensional vector space V. It is a projective scheme embedded in P^N for N = (n,d) − 1 via its Plücker embedding. Let L be a distributive ...

Symplektisk teori er i historisk matematisk perspektiv en relativt ny gren innen matematikken. Denne oppgaven viser holomorfe resultater innen symplektisk teori. Den er delt inn i to kapitler, et om symplektisk lineær ...

Mathematics in climate research is rarely mentioned in the everyday conversations or in the media when talking about climate changes. This thesis therefore focus on the central role mathematics plays in climate research, ...

In this thesis we study thwe phase space Ph(A) for an associative algebra A, with k algebraically closed (when needed we will assume k=C). The phase space has a universal property analogous to that of the module of Kähler ...

The background for this thesis is the work on broccoli curves by Gathmann, Markwig and Schroeter. In their paper, broccoli curves are introduced in order to give a tropical proof of the invariance of tropical Welschinger ...

Spline functions are a form of piecewise polynomials with many diverse uses and applications across several fields of study. A particular application concerns approximation of other continuous functions. Although many such ...

I denne oppgaven utvikles det en endelig elemente Newton's metode løsningsalgoritme for fluid-strukture vekselvirkning med en arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulering. Denne algoritme implementeres som en softwarepakke ...

The topic of this thesis is linear optimization in relation to doubly stochastic matrices, which constitute the Birkhoff polytope. This polytope is closely related to the concept of majorization, which will be defined and ...

Til enhver kvatratisk (reel eller kompleks) matrise A kan man tilordne dens eksponentialmatrise e^{At}. Eksponentialmatriser spiller en viktig rolle ved løsningen av enkelte differensialligninger og i mange andre anvendelser. ...

We give a summary of the TTE-approach to computable anlysis, as background for a discussion about Borel complexity on represented spaces. We study the hyperspace A(X) of closed subsets of a separable metric space X, and ...

Vi innfører nødvendig teori i algebra og algebraisk geometri til å definere dihedral homologi av en algebra og utvide definisjonen til skjemaer. Vi viser også et resultat om hvordan dihedral homologi oppfører seg med hensyn ...

The theme of this thesis is duality methods in mathematical - nance. This is a hot topic in the eld of mathematical nance, and there is currently a lot of research activity regarding this subject. However, since it is ...

En modell for diffusjon av nevrotransmittere (glutamat) med en enkel reaktive randbetingelse. Eksistens og entydighet av løsninger, stabilitetsestimater.

Chapter 1, Computable fields. We define computable fields, using the natural numbers NN. We show that if K is a computable field, then its algebraic closure K' is a computable field. We show that if K is a computable field ...

This thesis is based on M. J. Greenberg's article "Old and New Results in the Foundation of Elementary Plane Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries" (American Mathematical Monthly , Vol 117, No 3 pp. 198-219). The aim of ...

Gauss-Bonnets teorem relaterer den geometriske strukturen til en flate til dens eulerkarakteristikk, en topologisk invariant. Dette teoremet forutsetter at flaten ikke inneholder noen singulariteter. I denne oppgaven vil ...

Sammendrag I denne oppgaven skal vi studere traseringen til endelig-dimensjonale representasjoner av den ikke-kommutative k-algebraen k<x,y>, generert av to elementer. Vi skal se på traser til elementer i ringen generert ...

Vi betrakter en gruppevirkning av G på en mengde X. Opgaven omhandler C*-algebraer relatert til den uniforme Roe-algebraen. Vi bruker konstruksjoner fra kryssprodukter av C*-algebraer til å konstruere en analog til den ...

In this master's thesis an optimization problem in relation to a partial differential equation (PDE) called the discrete Laplace problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions is studied. The solution of the optimization problem ...

I oppgaven tas det sikte på å anvende begreper og metoder fra kategoriteori og især toposteori innen kvantefysikken. I den resulterende teorien, "toposfysikk", brukes toposteori (teorien om generaliserte mengdeuniverser ...

In this thesis we show a reflection theorem for K2. We compare the 3-rank of K2 of the ring of integers of ℚ(√-3D) to the 3-rank of K2 of the ring of integers of ℚ(√-3D) and find that they differ by at most 2. We also show ...

Given an associative k-algebra A for a field k, we want to give a local description of the moduli space of indecomposable left A-modules. The tool for this will be deformation theory and homological algebra. The goal of ...

It is an open problem whether the isomorphism class of a finite p-group is determined by its group ring over a field of characteristic p. In this thesis we present the theory of Jennings, which gives invariants of the group ...

The thesis studies certain mathematical aspects of model selection, statistical estimation theory and probability using stochastic process tools.<br> The paper “The copula information criterion” is the paper with most ...

The second World War (WWII) involved most of the world's nations and lasted from 1939-1945. Several countries were occupied during this period. One of these countries was Norway, which was occupied during a five year period ...

This thesis studies an approximate solution, called relaxation approximation, to a 2x2 triangular system of hyperbolic conservation laws. The system of interest is first approximated by a particular set of smooth functions. ...

A study of the action propagation in excitable cardiac cells. In this thesis we look at different mathematical models for simulating the biophysiological phenomena of wave propagation and fibrillation. Furthermore, we ...

This thesis studies two aspects of polynomial interpolation theory. The first part sets forth explicit formulas for the coefficients of polynomial interpolants to implicit functions. A formula for the higher-order derivatives ...

Fifteen years ago Bost and Connes constructed a C dynamical system with the Calois group G(Qab /Q) as symmetry group and with phase tran- sition related to properties of L-functions . Since then there have been nu- ...

I will try to define a non-trivial stochastic process on the Sierpinski gasket by looking at the limit of stochastic processes on approximating graphs of cells of the Sierpinski gasket. I start by looking more closely on ...

The project consider a model for a pasture-livestock system described in the article " The effect of climate variations on the dynamics of pasture-livestock interactions under cooperative and noncooperative management(Brekke, ...

Pålitelighetsmål er verdifulle når en skal utføre prioriteringer og retningsbestemte tiltak knyttet til en oppgradering i systemdesign, dvs. antyde den mest effektive måten å drive og vedlikeholde systemer på. Ett av ...

In this thesis we the calculate the 2-completed homotopy type of the hermitian K-theory of the ring of Gaussian 2-integers. Motivation and background from number theory, algebra and algebraic geometry are also provided. ...

We consider first-order finite difference schemes for a nonlinear degenerate convection-diffusion equation in one space dimension, and prove an $L^1_{loc}$ error estimate. Precisely, we prove that the $L^1_{loc}$ difference ...

We regard a stochastic process as a weakly measurable function, taking values one of the Kondratiev Stochastic distribution spaces, (S)_{-\rho}. Since these spaces are duals of nuclear spaces, functions taking values in ...

Marine seismic is a well established method to search for subsurface hydrocarbon deposits. However, the method is often limited by various sources of noise, of which flow and swell noise are the dominating types. This study ...

The first section of the thesis presents the classic Black-Scholes formula, derived by solving partial differential equations and doing probabilistic calculations. The details of these calculations are normally omitted ...

Donaldson-Thomas invariants are integers assigned to a smooth, projective threefold X. These integers are defined by a virtual count of points on a Hilbert scheme of curves on X, and are invariant under deformations of ...

Representasjonsteori er et område innenfor matematikken hvor man representer- er elementer i grupper og algebraer med lineære transformasjoner av vektorrom. I lineær algebra finnes det mye verktøy, og dette kan man bruke ...

There is a connection between representations of the fundamental group π_1(X) of a compact Riemann surface X, and holomorphic vector bundles on X. More specifically, for every representation ρ, there exists an associated ...

The Cox ring of a smooth algebraic projective variety X is the direct sum of H^0(X,D) as D varies in the Picard group of X. The ring was introduced by Y. Hu and S. Keel in 2000 and generalizes Cox' construction of the ...

The aim of this Thesis is to study Stochastic Partial Differential Equations (SPDEs) by regarding the SPDE as a Stochastic Differential Equation taking values in an infinite-dimensional space, i.e. a space of functions. ...

In this thesis we will apply forcing to domain theory. When a Scott domain represents a function space, each function will be a filter in the basis of the domain. By using the partially ordered basis as the forcing ...

In this study, I examined data from a large cohort of HIV infected individuals of both genders from a small township of Bangwe in Malawi to demonstrate the influence of general weight loss, a reported AIDS wasting syndrome ...