Schizophrenia has traditionally been regarded as a severe mental illness with limited prospects of full recovery. Research on first-episode schizophrenia (FES) has provided some new insights, although there is still much ...

The thesis examines developmental changes in fundamental neural and cognitive processes underlying attention and cognitive control across adolescence. Using electroencephalography (EEG), the results generally indicate that ...

Background/Objective: In recent years, several slightly younger cohorts have been established in order to study the preclinical and prodromal phases of dementia. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease ...

Depression is the worldwide leading burden of disease and one of the most prevalent psychological disorders. Causes and mechanisms of depression are insufficiently understood. The ability to regulate emotion is important, ...

Investigating the impact of school-age children’s ToM (declarative knowledge) on the way they interact (procedural skills) with another child and their performance in cooperative problem-solving tasks is a valid way to ...

Background Health researchers often use survey studies to examine associations between risk factors at one time point and health outcomes later in life. Previous studies have shown that missing not at ...

This study investigated how doctors communicate the uncertainties of survival prognoses to patients recently diagnosed with life‐threatening cancer, and suggests ways to improve this communication. Two hundred thirty‐eight ...

Background Following treatment, many depressed patients have significant residual symptoms. However, large randomised controlled trials (RCT) in this population are lacking. When Attention bias modification ...

Background Over the past decades research has shown that employment has a positive impact on quality of life, global functioning and recovery in individuals with schizophrenia. However, access to vocational ...

Contemporary cognitive models incorporate an information-processing approach in explaining the causes of depression. The common core in these models is that depression is caused by a vicious cycle of negative thoughts and ...

The state of the future world is uncertain. Will it rain tomorrow? Will Donald Trump still be president in 2019? Will the world’s average temperature rise by more than 2 ºC? These questions can only be answered probabilistically, ...

Background A small number of studies have shown that the use of cannabis increases the risk of bronchial asthma. There is, however, a paucity of longitudinal studies which are able to control for known ...

Postpartum depression has been recognized as a serious condition by clinicians and researchers for decades, yet our understanding of the complexities of depressive symptomatology during the perinatal period is still in its ...

Bakgrunn: Angstlidelser hos barn og ungdom er utbredt, og kognitiv atferdsterapi (KAT) er den anbefalte behandlingsmetoden for denne typen lidelser. Likevel er det 40% som ikke opplever bedring etter KAT-behandling. Dette ...

Sammendrag. Forfattere: Silje Berg Oppedal og Julie Sture Sørensen Tittel: Terapeuters alliansebyggende atferd og frafall i kognitiv atferdsterapi for barn og unge med angstlidelser Veileder: Krister Westlye Fjermestad ...

Bakgrunn: Angstlidelser hos barn og ungdom er utbredt, og kognitiv atferdsterapi (KAT) er den anbefalte behandlingsmetoden for denne typen lidelser. Likevel er det 40% som ikke opplever bedring etter KAT-behandling. Dette ...

Bakgrunn: Anoreksi er en alvorlig psykisk lidelse som oftest inntrer i ungdomsårene. Mange barn og unge som får anoreksi har søsken som dermed vokser opp som pårørende til personer med alvorlig sykdom. Studier viser at ...

Selvskading og suicidal atferd har enorme konsekvenser både for individet, familien og samfunnet som helhet. Mer enn 800 000 mennesker dør av selvmord hvert eneste år. For hvert selvmord finnes det mange flere mennesker ...

Innledning: Svært mange barn utsettes for potensielt traumatiserende hendelser (PTE) som øker risikoen for en rekke vansker, deriblant posttraumatisk stresslidelse (PTSD). Traumefokusert kognitiv atferdsterapi (TF-CBT) er ...

Background: Mothers with substance use disorders (SUD) often show impairments in parental reflective functioning (PRF), which may have adverse effects on their capacity for sensitive caregiving. Parenting personality, as ...

This study suggests some potential pathways leading towards maintained gains or further growth versus deterioration after naturalistic psychotherapy with experienced clinicians. This is explored in a way that transcends ...

I Norge bor det om lag 200 000 mennesker med flyktningbakgrunn som kommer fra land i krig, eller land med undertrykkende regimer, hvor deres menneskerettigheter ikke har blitt ivaretatt. Mange har blitt utsatt for tortur, ...

Anxiety and depression are among the most common mental disorders affecting youth. The two disorders often co-occur and can cause significant distress and impairment. Having elevated symptom levels but not fulfilling the ...

I Norge bor det om lag 200 000 mennesker med flyktningbakgrunn som kommer fra land i krig, eller land med undertrykkende regimer, hvor deres menneskerettigheter ikke har blitt ivaretatt. Mange har blitt utsatt for tortur, ...

Background Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. In more than 95% of females with classic RTT a pathogenic mutation in MECP2 has been identified. This leaves a small fraction of classic cases ...

Background Mental disorders often have onset early in life, contribute substantially to the global disease burden, and may interfere with young people’s ability to complete age-relevant tasks in important ...

Background To strengthen the risk message on snus warning labels, the European Union in 2016 removed “can” from the warning “This tobacco product (can) damages your health and is addictive.” We tested how ...

Objective Our aim is to examine the associations of the Big Five personality factors with eating behaviors in children using a cross-sectional study in 1543 randomly Norwegian 7–12 year olds. ...

Background Hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP) is a group of rare genetic disorders affecting the central nervous system. Pure HSP is limited to lower limb spasticity and urinary voiding dysfunction. ...

Inadequate iodine status affects the synthesis of the thyroid hormones and may impair brain development in fetal life. The aim of this study was to explore the association between maternal iodine status in pregnancy measured ...

Background Changes in Norwegian law and health policy require all health professionals to help safeguard the provision of information and follow-up for the children of parents with mental or physical ...

Background Social skills might play an important role for the relationship between maternal psychological distress and subsequent development of depressive symptoms. The majority perspective is that social ...

Forfattere: Helga ter Jung og Vilde Vollestad Oppgavetittel: Autonomi i psykoterapi - mer enn en etisk forpliktelse? Veiledere: Guro Øiestad og Margrethe Seeger Halvorsen Bakgrunn: Autonomibegrepet gjør seg gjeldende innen ...

Some political ads used in the 2016 U.S. election evoked feelings colloquially known as being moved to tears. We conceptualise this phenomenon as a positive social emotion that appraises and motivates communal relations, ...

Bakgrunn: Ledelse har vært og er et fokusområde i militæret og det norske Forsvaret som organisasjon har i lenger tid skilt seg ut med hensyn til ledelse. Gjennom befals- krigsskoler og høyskole har Forsvaret i lang tid ...

Bakgrunn og formål: Depresjon blir et stadig større problem i dagens samfunn, og er i dag den største årsaken til arbeidsfravær, sykemelding og uførhet på verdensbasis. Hva som bidrar til depresjonsutvikling er derfor svært ...

Social status hierarchies are a universal principle of organization in human societies. Status judgments are often influenced by perceptions of the face and posture. Two important nonverbal cues of social status are head ...

Rusmiddelavhengighet har de siste 70 årene vekslet mellom en rekke forklaringsmodeller, fra å se avhengighet som en sykdom, en moralsk defekt, et rasjonelt valg med flere. I dag er den biopsykososiale modellen dominerende; ...

Bakgrunn: Anoreksi er en alvorlig psykisk lidelse som oftest inntrer i ungdomsårene. Mange barn og unge som får anoreksi har søsken som dermed vokser opp som pårørende til personer med alvorlig sykdom. Studier viser at ...

Bakgrunn: Denne studien undersøker endringsprosessene i to terapiforløp med godt utfall. Terapeuten oppgir å jobbe etter affektbevissthetsmodellen (ABT), en terapimodell med spesifikt fokus på affektintegrasjon. Modellen ...

Background Norway is one of the first countries to require all health professionals to play a part in prevention for children of parents with all kinds of illnesses (mental illness, drug addiction, or ...

Bakgrunn: Eldre utgjør en betydelig og voksende andel av befolkningen. De lever lenger og er generelt friskere. Denne generasjonen opplevde «den seksuelle revolusjon», og mange anser at betydningen av å ha et godt seksualliv ...

Bakgrunn: Denne hovedoppgaven tar for seg problematisk spiseatferd samt angst- og depresjonssymptomer blant fedmekirurgipasienter. Målet er å undersøke hvordan pasienter med spiseproblematikk skiller seg fra pasienter uten ...

Bakgrunn: Denne hovedoppgaven tar for seg problematisk spiseatferd samt angst- og depresjonssymptomer blant fedmekirurgipasienter. Målet er å undersøke hvordan pasienter med spiseproblematikk skiller seg fra pasienter uten ...

Bakgrunn: De siste årene har menneskehandel fått økt oppmerksomhet både internasjonalt og her i Norge. Parallelt er det etablert internasjonale avtaler om å bekjempe menneskehandel og tilby ofre for menneskehandel bistand ...

Bakgrunn: De siste årene har menneskehandel fått økt oppmerksomhet både internasjonalt og her i Norge. Parallelt er det etablert internasjonale avtaler om å bekjempe menneskehandel og tilby ofre for menneskehandel bistand ...

Background Young adults that are not in education, training or employment represent a problem across European countries. While some are cases of temporary transitions or short-term inactivity, others represent ...

Background With the shift of research focus towards the pre-dementia stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), there is an urgent need for reliable, non-invasive biomarkers to predict amyloid pathology. The aim ...

Background and objectives: While the dominant perspective on adolescent sexting in scientific and media discourse is that of it being inherently tied to a cornucopia of adverse psychological, social, and legal consequences, ...

Background This project studies the effect of group-based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) following Attention Bias Modification (ABM) on residual symptoms in recurrent depression. ACT is a ...

Purpose Among computer workers, visual complaints, and neck pain are highly prevalent. This study explores how occupational simulated stressors during computer work, like glare and psychosocial stress, affect physiological ...

Formålet med studien var å undersøke risiko- og beskyttelsesfaktorer som kan påvirke utviklingen og gangen i depresjonsutvikling hos ungdommer og unge voksne, med særlig fokus på tilknytningskvalitet i relasjon til ...

Background Work disability involves large costs to the society as well as to the individual. Work disability is common among people with chronic pain conditions, yet few effective interventions exist. ...

To communicate successfully, speakers need to use words that are understood by their listeners; they thus need to understand that others have vocabularies different than their own. A key question is whether this social ...

Bakgrunn: Det har vært rettet oppmerksomhet mot faren for nettrelaterte krenkelser og overgrep blant barn og unge. Utenlandske studier har funnet en sammenheng mellom uønskede seksuelle hendelser på nett og psykisk helse. ...

Introduction The cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin (Ng)/β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) ratio may reflect synaptic affection resulting from reduced beta-amyloid (Aβ) clearance. We hypothesize ...

Bakgrunn: Denne studien har som formål å undersøke hva slags endring fokusert arbeid med affektintegrasjon kan føre til, og gjennom hvilke psykoterapeutiske prosesser denne endringen finner sted. Grunnlaget for studien er ...

Previous research has revealed an association between early language difficulties and later internalizing problems, but less is known about the mechanisms behind this association; the timing, the direction of the associations ...

By way of operant conditioning, human behavior is continuously shaped and maintained by its consequences – and understanding this process is important to most fields of psychology and neuroscience. The role of the learning ...

Bakgrunn: Denne studien undersøker endringsprosessene i to terapiforløp med godt utfall. Terapeuten oppgir å jobbe etter affektbevissthetsmodellen (ABT), en terapimodell med spesifikt fokus på affektintegrasjon. Modellen ...

Bakgrunn og mål. Verden står overfor store klimautfordringer. For å redusere klimagassutslipp kan implementering av grønn teknologi spille en avgjørende rolle. I Norge er overgangen til nullutslippskjøretøy en politisk ...

Teamledelse har vist seg å spille en avgjørende rolle for effektivitet i arbeidsgrupper og team (Sessa & London, 2006; West, 2008). Svært få studier har imidlertid utforsket sammenhengen mellom teamledelse og ...

Some evolutionary psychologists have hypothesized that animals have priority in human attention. That is, they should be detected and selected more efficiently than other types of objects, especially man-made ones. Such a ...

The range of outcomes in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) is heterogenous, and reaching full recovery is possible. The proportion of FES patients reaching full recovery is still somewhat unclear. Functional outcome is ...

There is little research about making instruction at school meaningful. This is surprising given that ample research suggests that many students do not find school a meaningful place, as documented by decline in interest ...

The MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDIs) are among the most widely used evaluation tools for early language development. CDIs are filled in by the parents or caregivers of young children by indicating ...

Flere ulike studier har undersøkt sammenhenger mellom sosial sjenanse og emosjonelle vansker i barndommen. Flere av studiene indikerer en slik sammenheng, men det er gjort lite forskning på hvordan sosial sjenanse og ...

Background There is an urgent need for novel, noninvasive biomarkers to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the predementia stages and to predict the rate of decline. Therefore, we set up the European ...

Impaired attention and learning functions are common in schizophrenia. The details of this impairment, and how these change across time, are not well known. We aimed to compare the parameters of well-known attention and ...

Recent work investigated the inter-individual functions of emotional tears in depth. In one study (Van de Ven, N., Meijs, M. H. J., & Vingerhoets, A. (2017). What emotional tears convey: Tearful individuals are seen as ...

Fourteen Norwegian politicians, subject to scandalizing media exposure, were interviewed about their experiences, reactions, and ways of coping. The participants expressed deep feelings of injustice and powerlessness related ...

Human wellbeing is influenced by personality traits, in particular neuroticism and extraversion. Little is known about which facets that drive these associations, and the role of genes and environments. Our aim was to ...

Hvordan tar foreldre vare på barn i alderen 0-3 år i dag, og hva slags dagligliv blir det for de små barna? Og hva kan vi lære om små barns omsorg og utvikling ved å snakke med foreldre og andre omsorgspersoner om dette ...