Background Mammography screening is the main method for early detection of breast cancer in Norway. Few studies have focused on psychological determinants of both attendance and non-attendance of publicly ...

Background Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a disabling mood disorder, profoundly affecting a large number of adolescent’s quality of life. To date, no obvious treatment of choice for MDD in adolescents ...

Background Little is known about the influence on outcome of exploration of the patient-therapist relationship (that is, transference work) in psychoanalytic psychotherapy. We hypothesized that depressed ...

The macro- and microstructural architecture of human brain white matter undergoes substantial alterations throughout development and ageing. Most of our understanding of the spatial and temporal characteristics of these ...

Background Internationally, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is commonly used to assess the frequency and severity of depressive symptoms. However, psychometric properties of the Norwegian version ...

Background Family-based outpatient treatment is usually recommended as the treatment of choice when a child develops anorexia nervosa. However, some young persons will inevitably require higher levels of ...

The ability to mentally rotate objects in space is a fundamental cognitive capacity. Previous studies showed that the time to rotate the image of a figure to match another increases progressively with angular disparity. ...

Purpose An accurate differentiation of brain glioma grade constitutes an important clinical issue. Powerful non-invasive approach based on diffusion MRI has already demonstrated its feasibility in glioma grade stratification. ...

Background Quality of life and self-esteem are functional domains that may suffer when having mental problems. In this study, we examined the change in quality of life and self-esteem when targeting anxious ...

Background Autism is characterised not only by impaired social cognitive ‘empathising’ but also by superior rule-based ‘systemising’. These cognitive domains intertwine within the categorical diagnosis of ...

This study is a Mixed Method Study where we combine elements of qualitative and quantitative research approaches to investigate Kids’ Digital Lives During COVID-19 Times (KiDiCoTi) a research project coordinated by the ...

Abstract Both in philosophy and in cognitive psychology, models of moral judgment posit that individuals take into account both agents’ intentions and actions’ outcomes. The present research focused on a third crucial piece ...

Acculturation is commonly conceptualized as a two-way process in which all groups involved in intercultural contact change. Yet, very little is known about the acculturation orientations of majority-group members and the ...

Investigating commonalities in underlying pathology of cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms in schizophrenia is important, as both are core features of the disorder and linked to brain structure abnormalities. We ...

Across two experiments, an adult informant presented 220 preschoolers (34–71 months of age) with either a correct claim or an incorrect claim about how to activate a music box by using one of two toy figures. Children were ...

Computerized cognitive training (CCT) combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has showed some promise in alleviating cognitive impairments in patients with brain disorders, but the robustness and ...

It has been argued that sports contexts may be suitable venues for reducing intercultural hostility, including its more extreme forms, yet empirical evidence remains scarce. The present study investigated the main and ...

Early-Onset Schizophrenia (EOS) and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are early- onset neurodevelopmental disorders associated with cognitive deficits. The current study represents the first attempt to compare ...

A substantial minority of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimized women are revictimized by more than one intimate partner (termed multiple partners, MP). This has received limited theoretical and empirical attention. ...

There has been a recent surge of interest in social chatbots, and human–chatbot relationships (HCRs) are becoming more prevalent, but little knowledge exists on how HCRs develop and may impact the broader social context ...

Objective: The focus of the current study was to examine cognitive functioning by objective and subjective measures in adolescents with chronic fatigue (CF) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The results were compared ...

Bakgrunn: Traumefokusert kognitiv atferdsterapi (TF-CBT) har vist seg som en effektiv behandlingsmodell for barn og unge med posttraumatisk stresslidelse (PTSD). Få studier har sett på hvilke dysfunksjonelle tanker som er ...

Background Adolescent depression is a common mental health problem and there is an urgent need for effective and accessible treatments. Internet-based interventions solve many obstacles for seeking and receiving treatment, ...

Refugees and asylum seekers have been resettled in European countries in vast numbers since the beginning of the ‘refugee crisis’ of 2015, the largest group originating from Syria. The needs of this group are complex, ...

Background Over the last decades, due to high rates of immigration, many high-income countries have witnessed demographic shifts towards more cultural diversity in the population. Socio-economic deprivation ...

Avhandlingen omhandler TIB for barn i alderen 5-11 år og baserer seg på analyser av blant annet 108 terapisesjoner med barna. I fire kvalitative delstudier blir betydningen av felles fokus, sentrale tema i terapiprosessene ...

The content and experience of partnered sex may likely change as couples age, which can lead to sexual distress but also greater intimacy and sexual quality (Lodge & Umberson, 2012). The overall purpose of this thesis is ...

The present thesis gathers findings from three empirical studies in which we examined the cognitive basis of individual differences in phasic and tonic pupil cognitive responses. Some previous studies have reported a ...

Contemporary models of health development highlight the importance of understanding health as a developmental process that continues throughout life and can be modified during developmental windows or by crucial events. ...

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often associated with life-long medical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. Although long-lasting disabilities are expected, research on effective ...

Depression is a serious disorder with a high prevalence and recurrence rate. There is a need for preventive treatment, but there are limited treatment options available. This thesis is based on a Norwegian multisite clinical ...

Background Adolescents’ self-defined concerns about their mental health are understudied. Yet gaining insight into the individual concerns of this group could be helpful in providing better services to the ...

Hopelessness is an important symptom of adolescent depression, being associated with both risk of suicide and poor treatment response, but predictors of hopelessness are understudied. Conflict with parents is common in ...

Background Aggregation of amyloid β into plaques in the brain is one of the earliest pathological events in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The exact pathophysiology leading to dementia is still uncertain, but the apolipoprotein ...

Background The quality of maternal-infant bonding is related to important child outcomes. The literature has assumed that the ability to form relationships is a relatively stable trait, and research studies have suggested ...

To better understand the spread of fake news in the Internet age, it is important to uncover the variables that influence the perceived truth of information. Although previous research identified several reliable predictors ...

In this thesis, predictors of early onset of drinking and excessive drinking, and the prospective relationship between early and excessive drinking and important life outcomes in young adulthood were examined. Data were ...

Background Long-term sickness absences burden the economy in many industrialized countries. Both educational attainment and health behaviors are well-known predictors of sickness absence. It remains, however, ...

This dissertation examines the effect and utility of implementing a systematic idiographic assessment approach, called Assert, in adolescent primary mental health services. Assert focuses primarily on administering one ...

Participating in a welcoming and creative community may mean the world to some. The musical project Kaleidoscope (Fargespill) gives children with minority backgrounds an arena for meaning-making, identity development and ...

Bakgrunn: Parallelt med økning i antall barn diagnostisert med kronisk funksjonsnedsettelse, øker også antall søsken til barn med funksjonsnedsettelse. Denne søskenpopulasjonen har økt risiko for psykiske vansker, og ...

Research suggests that some people, particularly those on the political right, tend to blatantly dehumanize low-status groups. However, these findings have largely relied on self-report measures, which are notoriously ...

Background The present study examined the association between perinatal obstetric complications and executive dysfunction in early-onset schizophrenia (EOS), compared to healthy controls. Higher incidences ...

Children employ multiple cues to identify the referent of a novel word. Novel words are often embedded in sentences and children have been shown to use syntactic cues to differentiate between types of words (adjective vs. ...

To investigate whether changes in serum lipids are associated with cognitive performance in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients during their first year of antipsychotic drug treatment. One hundred and thirty-two ...

Kama muta (sanskrit: å bli beveget av kjærlighet) er et fagbegrep for det vi på norsk kaller å bli rørt. Navnet fanger essensen i denne emosjonen som oppstår som en reaksjon på å oppleve eller være vitne til at et ...

Aim: This study aimed to develop a questionnaire to assess parental beliefs about children's emotions and to investigate how culture influences these beliefs by assessing parents in Moscow, Russia and Oslo, Norway. Method: ...

In mothers, offspring cues are associated with a powerful reinforcing value that motivates maternal care. Animal studies show that this is mediated by dopamine release into the nucleus accumbens, a core component of the ...

Aim​: This study aimed to develop a questionnaire to assess parental beliefs about children's emotions and to investigate how culture influences these beliefs by assessing parents in Moscow, Russia and Oslo, Norway. Method: ...

Previous structural and functional neuroimaging studies have implicated distributed brain regions and networks in depression. However, there are no robust imaging biomarkers that are specific to depression, which may be ...

Sleep problems are related to the elevated levels of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarker β-amyloid (Aβ). Hypotheses about the causes of this relationship can be generated from molecular markers of sleep problems identified ...

This study examined the quality of forensic interviews conducted by specially trained police officers in the Norwegian Barnahus between 2015 and 2017, using the sequential interview (SI) model, a Norwegian version of the ...

Background Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) share substantial neurodevelopmental components affecting brain maturation and architecture. This necessitates a dynamic lifespan perspective in which brain ...

Background Mental disorders and individual characteristics such as intelligence and personality are complex traits sharing a largely unknown neuronal basis. Their genetic architectures are highly polygenic and overlapping, ...

Bakgrunn: Kama muta (sanskrit: å bli beveget av kjærlighet) er et fagbegrep for det vi på norsk kaller å bli rørt. Navnet fanger essensen i denne emosjonen som oppstår som en reaksjon på å oppleve eller være vitne til at ...

All traffic safety work conducted in Norway is based on the goal that nobody should be killed or severely injured in a traffic crash. According to this philosophy, called “Vision Zero”, road authorities will work proactively ...

Title: Exploring the effects of yoga for generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), with or without comorbidity: A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials. Background: Yoga is a philosophical system ...

Denne studien er en del av et større prosjekt av Fanny Duckert, Kim Edgar Karlsen og Pål Ulleberg. Studenten har bidratt i utviklingen av måleinstrumentene og datainnsamling. Formål: Studiens formål var å undersøke hvilken ...

Objective To examine whether severe mental illnesses (i.e., schizophrenia or bipolar disorder) affected diagnostic testing and treatment for cardiovascular diseases in primary and specialized health care. Methods We ...

Low academic achievements are predicted by early disadvantages. Because achievement gaps typically escalate with age, early efforts to prevent future academic disadvantages are called for. The current study examines whether ...

Background and aims No previous studies have examined the prospective association between disposable income and binge‐drinking initiation among adolescents. We aimed to examine whether there is such an association and, ...

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe manic-depressive illness. Patients with BD have been shown to have gray matter (GM) deficits in prefrontal, frontal, parietal, and temporal regions; however, the relationship between ...

Aims Impairments in reflective functioning are known to have adverse effects on the ability to display sensitive parenting as a caregiver. Several factors are associated with impairments in reflective functioning, such ...

Persistent medically unexplained symptoms have debilitating consequences for adolescents, dramatically altering their social world and future aspirations. Few studies have focused on social and moral aspects of illness ...

Aims: (i) To examine whether mean consumption and prevalence of at-risk drinking are highly correlated across samples of older adults, and (ii) to explore whether sociodemographic and health characteristics of alcohol ...

Sleep and depression are interlinked throughout the lifespan, but very few studies have examined the directionality of the sleep–depression link in children. The aim of the current study was to prospectively examine the ...

Bakgrunn: Selv om depresjon og angstlidelser er blant de vanligste årsakene til sykefravær i Norge, er en stor andel personer med slike lidelser i fullt arbeid. Det kan dermed stilles spørsmål ved om det er andre faktorer ...

Introduction Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is a common symptom affecting 23–75% of stroke survivors. It is associated with increased risk of institutionalization and death, and it is of many patients considered among the worst ...

Formål: Formålet ved denne studien var å undersøke forekomsten av, og sammenhengen mellom, foreldrestress og psykiske symptomer hos barn i et klinisk utvalg. Det ble også undersøkt hvorvidt foreldrenes stressnivå og barnets ...

Formål: Formålet med studien er å undersøke betydningen av kollegastøtte. Forskningsspørsmålene er hvordan psykoterapeuter bruker kollegastøtte, og videre hva erfaringer fra deltakelse i en mangeårig kollegagruppe kan si ...

We investigated whether children born preterm are at risk for language delay using a sibling-control design in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. ...

Hovedformålet med denne studien er å undersøke forholdet mellom det psykososiale arbeidsmiljøet og sykefravær blant norske arbeidstakere. Det relativt høye sykefraværet i Norge har store konsekvenser for individet, bedrifter, ...

Bakgrunn: Psykiske lidingar er vanleg i den generelle folkesetnaden. Historisk sett har det vorte oversett at dette også inkluderer menneske med autismespekterforstyrring (ASF) og psykisk utviklingshemming. I motsetnad til ...

Objective To better understand how persons diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder (AVPD) make sense of the origin and development of their current everyday struggles. Methods Persons with AVPD (N = 15) were ...

Previous studies on individual differences in pupil size of healthy individuals and their relation to performance have been inconclusive. Using a novel approach, we tested the effect of general cognitive abilities and level ...

Objective: The focus of the current study was to examine cognitive functioning by objective and subjective measures in adolescents with chronic fatigue (CF) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The results were compared ...

The amygdala is a core component in neurobiological models of stress and stress-related pathologies, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While numerous studies have reported increased amygdala activity following ...

Bakgrunn: Langtidspotensiering (LTP) antas å være en av hovedmekanismene bak hukommelse og læring. LTP er grundig forstått i dyremodeller, men forskning på LTP i den menneskelige hjerne har vært metodologisk utfordrende. ...

Bakgrunn: Langtidspotensiering (LTP) antas å være en av hovedmekanismene bak hukommelse og læring. LTP er grundig forstått i dyremodeller, men forskning på LTP i den menneskelige hjerne har vært metodologisk utfordrende. ...

The purpose of this thesis is the investigation of vestibular processing regions during artificial stimulation and rest, with the following questions: 1. Based on current evidence, which regions are involved in vestibular ...

We investigated “musical effort” with an internationally renowned, classical, pianist while playing, listening, and imagining music. We used pupillometry as an objective measure of mental effort and fMRI as an exploratory ...

Pregnancy involves maternal brain adaptations, but little is known about how parity influences women's brain aging trajectories later in life. In this study, we replicated previous findings showing less apparent brain aging ...

Bakgrunn: Traumefokusert kognitiv atferdsterapi (TF-CBT) har vist seg som en effektiv behandlingsmodell for barn og unge med posttraumatisk stresslidelse (PTSD). Få studier har sett på hvilke dysfunksjonelle tanker som er ...

Bakgrunn: Selv om depresjon og angstlidelser er blant de vanligste årsakene til sykefravær i Norge, er en stor andel personer med slike lidelser i fullt arbeid. Det kan dermed stilles spørsmål ved om det er andre faktorer ...

In the statistical literature, the class of survival analysis models known as cure models has received much attention in recent years. Cure models seem not, however, to be part of the statistical toolbox of perinatal ...

Selecting the best design for genetic association studies requires careful deliberation; different study designs can be used to scan for different genetic effects, and each design has its own set of strengths and limitations. ...

The thickness of the cerebral cortical sheet and its surface area are highly heritable traits thought to have largely distinct polygenic architectures. Despite large-scale efforts, the majority of their genetic determinants ...

Understanding the association between autonomic nervous system [ANS] function and brain morphology across the lifespan provides important insights into neurovisceral mechanisms underlying health and disease. Resting‐state ...