Objective: The focus of the current study was to examine cognitive functioning by objective and subjective measures in adolescents with chronic fatigue (CF) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The results were compared ...

Bakgrunn: Traumefokusert kognitiv atferdsterapi (TF-CBT) har vist seg som en effektiv behandlingsmodell for barn og unge med posttraumatisk stresslidelse (PTSD). Få studier har sett på hvilke dysfunksjonelle tanker som er ...

Avhandlingen omhandler TIB for barn i alderen 5-11 år og baserer seg på analyser av blant annet 108 terapisesjoner med barna. I fire kvalitative delstudier blir betydningen av felles fokus, sentrale tema i terapiprosessene ...

Background Over the last decades, due to high rates of immigration, many high-income countries have witnessed demographic shifts towards more cultural diversity in the population. Socio-economic deprivation ...

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often associated with life-long medical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. Although long-lasting disabilities are expected, research on effective ...

Contemporary models of health development highlight the importance of understanding health as a developmental process that continues throughout life and can be modified during developmental windows or by crucial events. ...

Background Aggregation of amyloid β into plaques in the brain is one of the earliest pathological events in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The exact pathophysiology leading to dementia is still uncertain, but the apolipoprotein ...

Background The quality of maternal-infant bonding is related to important child outcomes. The literature has assumed that the ability to form relationships is a relatively stable trait, and research studies have suggested ...

Previous structural and functional neuroimaging studies have implicated distributed brain regions and networks in depression. However, there are no robust imaging biomarkers that are specific to depression, which may be ...

Background Bipolar offspring are considered a high-risk group for developing mental disorders. Developmental outcomes result from additive and interactive effects of biological vulnerability and environmental influences. ...

We compared two non-overlapping data sets: (a) the semantic categories in representative samples of nominal classification languages (N = 334); and in a non-overlapping population (b) semantic category-specific impairments ...

Background Mental disorders and individual characteristics such as intelligence and personality are complex traits sharing a largely unknown neuronal basis. Their genetic architectures are highly polygenic and overlapping, ...

The aim of this doctoral thesis was to expand our understanding of how men in treatment for violence against their female partner experience the relationship to their children. We were interested in how men who were in ...

To investigate whether changes in serum lipids are associated with cognitive performance in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients during their first year of antipsychotic drug treatment. One hundred and thirty-two ...

Sleep problems are related to the elevated levels of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarker β-amyloid (Aβ). Hypotheses about the causes of this relationship can be generated from molecular markers of sleep problems identified ...

In mothers, offspring cues are associated with a powerful reinforcing value that motivates maternal care. Animal studies show that this is mediated by dopamine release into the nucleus accumbens, a core component of the ...

Bakgrunn: Kama muta (sanskrit: å bli beveget av kjærlighet) er et fagbegrep for det vi på norsk kaller å bli rørt. Navnet fanger essensen i denne emosjonen som oppstår som en reaksjon på å oppleve eller være vitne til at ...

Kama muta (sanskrit: å bli beveget av kjærlighet) er et fagbegrep for det vi på norsk kaller å bli rørt. Navnet fanger essensen i denne emosjonen som oppstår som en reaksjon på å oppleve eller være vitne til at et ...

Background The present study examined the association between perinatal obstetric complications and executive dysfunction in early-onset schizophrenia (EOS), compared to healthy controls. Higher incidences ...

Persistent medically unexplained symptoms have debilitating consequences for adolescents, dramatically altering their social world and future aspirations. Few studies have focused on social and moral aspects of illness ...

Low academic achievements are predicted by early disadvantages. Because achievement gaps typically escalate with age, early efforts to prevent future academic disadvantages are called for. The current study examines whether ...

Children employ multiple cues to identify the referent of a novel word. Novel words are often embedded in sentences and children have been shown to use syntactic cues to differentiate between types of words (adjective vs. ...

Objective To examine whether severe mental illnesses (i.e., schizophrenia or bipolar disorder) affected diagnostic testing and treatment for cardiovascular diseases in primary and specialized health care. Methods We ...

All traffic safety work conducted in Norway is based on the goal that nobody should be killed or severely injured in a traffic crash. According to this philosophy, called “Vision Zero”, road authorities will work proactively ...

Adolescence is a transitional period, recognized in virtually all human societies, that marks the transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescents undergo substantial changes in psychological traits and behavior, and ...

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe manic-depressive illness. Patients with BD have been shown to have gray matter (GM) deficits in prefrontal, frontal, parietal, and temporal regions; however, the relationship between ...

Aims Impairments in reflective functioning are known to have adverse effects on the ability to display sensitive parenting as a caregiver. Several factors are associated with impairments in reflective functioning, such ...

Bakgrunn: Psykiske lidingar er vanleg i den generelle folkesetnaden. Historisk sett har det vorte oversett at dette også inkluderer menneske med autismespekterforstyrring (ASF) og psykisk utviklingshemming. I motsetnad til ...

Bakgrunn: Selv om depresjon og angstlidelser er blant de vanligste årsakene til sykefravær i Norge, er en stor andel personer med slike lidelser i fullt arbeid. Det kan dermed stilles spørsmål ved om det er andre faktorer ...

Bakgrunn: Selv om depresjon og angstlidelser er blant de vanligste årsakene til sykefravær i Norge, er en stor andel personer med slike lidelser i fullt arbeid. Det kan dermed stilles spørsmål ved om det er andre faktorer ...

Bakgrunn: Psykiske lidingar er vanleg i den generelle folkesetnaden. Historisk sett har det vorte oversett at dette også inkluderer menneske med autismespekterforstyrring (ASF) og psykisk utviklingshemming. I motsetnad til ...

Bakgrunn: Langtidspotensiering (LTP) antas å være en av hovedmekanismene bak hukommelse og læring. LTP er grundig forstått i dyremodeller, men forskning på LTP i den menneskelige hjerne har vært metodologisk utfordrende. ...

Bakgrunn: Langtidspotensiering (LTP) antas å være en av hovedmekanismene bak hukommelse og læring. LTP er grundig forstått i dyremodeller, men forskning på LTP i den menneskelige hjerne har vært metodologisk utfordrende. ...

The purpose of this thesis is the investigation of vestibular processing regions during artificial stimulation and rest, with the following questions: 1. Based on current evidence, which regions are involved in vestibular ...

Objective The personal self of psychotherapists, that is, experiences of self in close personal relationships and its association with therapists' individual and professional attributes is explored. The study aimed to: ...

We investigated whether children born preterm are at risk for language delay using a sibling-control design in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. ...

Objective: The focus of the current study was to examine cognitive functioning by objective and subjective measures in adolescents with chronic fatigue (CF) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The results were compared ...

Denne hovedoppgaven er forfattet av Ingvild Haugland Øvretveit og Hanna Margrethe Kvarme med tittel “Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: vurdering av interrater-reliabilitet og diagnosekriteriene ved bruk av CANDI (norsk ...

Selecting the best design for genetic association studies requires careful deliberation; different study designs can be used to scan for different genetic effects, and each design has its own set of strengths and limitations. ...

The brain functional connectome forms a relatively stable and idiosyncratic backbone that can be used for identification or “fingerprinting” of individuals with a high level of accuracy. While previous cross‐sectional ...

Purpose Stuttering affects people in individual ways, and there are multiple factors which may influence a person’s goals when seeking therapy. Even though there is a common consensus that speech-language pathologists ...

Formål: Formålet ved denne studien var å undersøke forekomsten av, og sammenhengen mellom, foreldrestress og psykiske symptomer hos barn i et klinisk utvalg. Det ble også undersøkt hvorvidt foreldrenes stressnivå og barnets ...

The thickness of the cerebral cortical sheet and its surface area are highly heritable traits thought to have largely distinct polygenic architectures. Despite large-scale efforts, the majority of their genetic determinants ...

Denne hovedoppgaven er skrevet som en del av profesjonsutdannelsen i psykologi ved Universitetet i Oslo. Forfatter er Ingrid Marie Hegdal og veileder for oppgaven er psykologiprofessor Silje Endresen Reme. Tittel: Psykiske ...

Background: A fundamental characteristic of human nature is our ability to coordinate with one another in order to achieve common goals and protect shared interests, engaging what evolutionary scholars call coalitions when ...

Background The disease burden attributable to mental health problems and to excess or harmful alcohol use is considerable. Despite a strong relationship between these 2 important factors in population health, there are ...

Bakgrunn: Sosial kompetanse er en grunnleggende forutsetning for barns samhandling, fungering og tilhørighet til sosiale fellesskap (Utdanningsdirektoratet, 2016, 2018). Med sosial kompetanse menes emosjonelle, kognitive ...

Introduction Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is a common symptom affecting 23–75% of stroke survivors. It is associated with increased risk of institutionalization and death, and it is of many patients considered among the worst ...

In the statistical literature, the class of survival analysis models known as cure models has received much attention in recent years. Cure models seem not, however, to be part of the statistical toolbox of perinatal ...

Formål: Formålet med studien er å undersøke betydningen av kollegastøtte. Forskningsspørsmålene er hvordan psykoterapeuter bruker kollegastøtte, og videre hva erfaringer fra deltakelse i en mangeårig kollegagruppe kan si ...

Bakgrunn: Traumefokusert kognitiv atferdsterapi (TF-CBT) har vist seg som en effektiv behandlingsmodell for barn og unge med posttraumatisk stresslidelse (PTSD). Få studier har sett på hvilke dysfunksjonelle tanker som er ...

Denne hovedoppgaven er forfattet av Ingvild Haugland Øvretveit og Hanna Margrethe Kvarme med tittel “Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: vurdering av interrater-reliabilitet og diagnosekriteriene ved bruk av CANDI (norsk ...

Illicit use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) has become widespread and is considered a public health problem worldwide. Approximately 30% of AAS users develop a dependence syndrome characterized by a maladaptive pattern ...

The aim of this systematic review is to answer the question: Is substantial, stable, and long‐term weight loss a viable goal for adults with obesity? To answer this question, we conducted a broad systematic search of ...

Forfatter: Johanne Håkonsdatter Sivertsen Tittel: Brukertilfredshet med Brief Parent Training – En randomisert studie Veileder: Terje Ogden Innledning: Brukertilfredshet benyttes i utstrakt grad som et mål på brukeropplevd ...

Objectives: The thesis revisit the topic of hemispheric interconnectivity and structural development of the corpus callosum by addressing the issue of proportionality. As the proportionality of callosal growth and decline ...

Numerous cross-sectional studies have found a positive association between level of event centrality and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the temporal course of this relationship is unclear. We aimed ...

Bakgrunn og problemstilling: Spiseforstyrrelser representerer psykiske lidelser hvor overopptatthet av mat, kropp og vekt begrenser pasientens livskvalitet og fungering i hverdagen. Problemene begrenser seg sjelden kun til ...

Det er godt dokumenterte effekter av foreldres psykiske vansker og en negativ foreldrestil på barns utvikling. En emosjonelt ikke-støttende foreldrestil har negative effekter på barns emosjonelle kompetanse, og eksternaliserende ...

Bakgrunn: Parallelt med økning i antall barn diagnostisert med kronisk funksjonsnedsettelse, øker også antall søsken til barn med funksjonsnedsettelse. Denne søskenpopulasjonen har økt risiko for psykiske vansker, og ...

Sexual health research tends to focus on problematic aspects of sexuality. This also applies to research on sexuality in older men and women, where attention has been primarily on the negative impact of aging. To contribute ...

I Norge er vold i parforhold et samfunns- og folkehelseproblem, der kvinner er mer utsatt enn menn. På verdensbasis anslås det at en av tre kvinner er utsatt for vold i parforhold. Selv om parforhold i de fleste land ...

Pregnant women with bipolar disorder (BD) have a high risk of illness relapse postpartum, including psychosis. Postpartum mood episodes occur in a psychologically sensitive phase of life and present significant implications ...

Bakgrunn: Sosial kompetanse er en grunnleggende forutsetning for barns samhandling, fungering og tilhørighet til sosiale fellesskap (Utdanningsdirektoratet, 2016, 2018). Med sosial kompetanse menes emosjonelle, kognitive ...

Mental health difficulties are an increasing global challenge, and represent a substantial part of the global burden of disease. In order to tackle these mental health issues, there is a need for mental health interventions ...

This article provides an examination of the structure of Islamophobia across cultures. Our novel measure—the Tripartite Islamophobia Scale (TIS)—embeds three theoretically and statistically grounded subcomponents of ...

Formålet med denne undersøkelsen var å undersøke hvordan ureturnerbare migranter opplever seg selv, sin livssituasjon og psykiske helse beskrives gjennom intervjuer med personer som står tett på denne gruppen. Jeg ønsket ...

Å høre stemmer i hodet er en opplevelse som oppstår på tvers av diagnoser, og som for mange oppleves stressende. I både forskning og behandling har stemmer i økende grad blitt forstått som sosiale subjekter som personen ...

Hvordan tar norsk-somaliske foreldre vare på de store barna sine? Til nå har mye av forskningen vært rettet mot utfordrende eller problematiske aspekter ved deres foreldreskapsutøvelse. I dette prosjektet har jeg valgt å ...

Bakgrunn. Så mange som 27-34% av norske barn har sykdom og funksjonsnedsettelser. Søsken av disse barna har selv en økt risiko for utvikling av internaliserende og eksternaliserende vansker. Etter lovendringen i ...

A key objective in the field of translational psychiatry over the past few decades has been to identify the brain correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD). Identifying measurable indicators of brain processes associated ...

This study examined the relationship between working memory capacity and narrative abilities in 5–6-year-old children. 269 children were assessed on their visual and verbal working memory and performed in a story retelling ...

To date, research on individual differences in susceptibility to extremism has typically focused on contextual perspectives and on clinical or maladaptive personality profiles including psychopathology. In addition, the ...

With recent experiences of war, abuse and perilous journeys, unaccompanied asylum-seeking minors seek protection, safety and sustainable futures. Omland investigated the young persons' concerns, efforts and challenges to ...

Background Recommended treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) is usually family-based and an overarching treatment aim is to empower the parents to manage the difficult meals and aid their child ...

Background A growing number of studies suggest that social isolation and loneliness are associated with premature mortality and are more prevalent among people with mental illness than in the general population, outlining ...

The relationship between executive function (EF) and social difficulties in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is investigated in the current thesis. Executive dysfunction is one of the cognitive ...

Participating in a welcoming and creative community may mean the world to some. The musical project Kaleidoscope (Fargespill) gives children with minority backgrounds an arena for meaning-making, identity development and ...

The aim of this thesis is to inquire into the subjective experience of avoidant personality disorder. The approach is qualitative and interpretative phenomenological, with an ongoing focus on researcher reflexivity. A ...

Several studies have shown that unbalanced bilinguals activate both of their languages simultaneously during L2 processing; however, evidence for L2 activation while participants are tested exclusively in their L1 has been ...

Background Families can experience the postpartum period as overwhelming and many report a special need for support. The Newborn Behavioral Observation (NBO) aims to promote a positive parent-infant relationship by sensitising ...

Background: Attentional bias modification (ABM) may lead to more adaptive emotion perception and emotion regulation. Understanding the neural basis of these effects may lead to greater precision for the development of ...

BAKGRUNN Covid-19-pandemien våren 2020 innebar skolestengning og strenge sosiale restriksjoner. Studien belyser om dette påvirket ungdoms livstilfredshet og subjektive livskvalitet. MATERIALE OG METODE En elektronisk ...

BAKGRUNN Effektivt smittevern er avgjørende for å bekjempe covid-19-pandemien. Vi undersøkte om Oslo-ungdom rapporterte å overholde smittevernreglene under pandemien og om oppslutning om reglene var relatert til ...

The consolidation of memory contents in the brain is dependent on sleep-related processes and their associated oscillatory activities. Previous research has indicated a relationship between theta activity and memory ...

One of the biggest challenges in the field of consciousness research today is to find a reliable objective measure. The currently most promising measures are perturbational complexity index (PCI), Lempel-Ziv complexity ...

Adolescence and young adulthood are characterized by substantial sociodemographic, family, social, and personality changes that may influence loneliness. Although loneliness is a public health challenge, we know little ...

Recently, several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have reported time-of-day effects on brain structure and function. Due to the possibility that time-of-day effects reflect mechanisms of circadian regulation, the ...

The ability to cancel an already initiated response is central to flexible behavior. While several different behavioral and neural markers have been suggested to quantify the latency of the stopping process, it remains ...