Background The present study examined the association between perinatal obstetric complications and executive dysfunction in early-onset schizophrenia (EOS), compared to healthy controls. Higher incidences ...

Background Over the last decades, due to high rates of immigration, many high-income countries have witnessed demographic shifts towards more cultural diversity in the population. Socio-economic deprivation ...

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often associated with life-long medical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. Although long-lasting disabilities are expected, research on effective ...

Background A growing number of studies suggest that social isolation and loneliness are associated with premature mortality and are more prevalent among people with mental illness than in the general population, outlining ...

Background Recommended treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) is usually family-based and an overarching treatment aim is to empower the parents to manage the difficult meals and aid their child ...

The aim of this thesis is to inquire into the subjective experience of avoidant personality disorder. The approach is qualitative and interpretative phenomenological, with an ongoing focus on researcher reflexivity. A ...

Several studies have shown that unbalanced bilinguals activate both of their languages simultaneously during L2 processing; however, evidence for L2 activation while participants are tested exclusively in their L1 has been ...

The aim of this doctoral thesis was to expand our understanding of how men in treatment for violence against their female partner experience the relationship to their children. We were interested in how men who were in ...

Previous structural and functional neuroimaging studies have implicated distributed brain regions and networks in depression. However, there are no robust imaging biomarkers that are specific to depression, which may be ...

Background Mental disorders and individual characteristics such as intelligence and personality are complex traits sharing a largely unknown neuronal basis. Their genetic architectures are highly polygenic and overlapping, ...

To investigate whether changes in serum lipids are associated with cognitive performance in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients during their first year of antipsychotic drug treatment. One hundred and thirty-two ...

Sleep problems are related to the elevated levels of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarker β-amyloid (Aβ). Hypotheses about the causes of this relationship can be generated from molecular markers of sleep problems identified ...

In mothers, offspring cues are associated with a powerful reinforcing value that motivates maternal care. Animal studies show that this is mediated by dopamine release into the nucleus accumbens, a core component of the ...

Persistent medically unexplained symptoms have debilitating consequences for adolescents, dramatically altering their social world and future aspirations. Few studies have focused on social and moral aspects of illness ...

Low academic achievements are predicted by early disadvantages. Because achievement gaps typically escalate with age, early efforts to prevent future academic disadvantages are called for. The current study examines whether ...

Objective The personal self of psychotherapists, that is, experiences of self in close personal relationships and its association with therapists' individual and professional attributes is explored. The study aimed to: ...

Inhibition is one of the core concepts in cognitive neuroscience, referring to a higher-order control mechanism that can arrest or cancel the output of other functional systems. Inhibition of motor responses is assumed to ...

The brain functional connectome forms a relatively stable and idiosyncratic backbone that can be used for identification or “fingerprinting” of individuals with a high level of accuracy. While previous cross‐sectional ...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) are behaviorally defined disorders with overlapping clinical features that are often associated with higher‐order cognitive dysfunction, particularly ...

Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is implicated in multiple cognitive processes, including inhibitory control, context memory, recency judgment, and choice behavior. Despite an emerging understanding of the role of OFC in memory ...

Images of European female and male faces were digitally processed to generate spatial frequency (SF) filtered images containing only a narrow band of visual information within the Fourier spectrum. The original unfiltered ...

Conflict monitoring and adaption processes appear associated with frontal-midline theta (fm-theta). The support for this association is found in correlational electroencephalography (EEG) studies and a few transcranial ...

The intergroup relations between different status groups are not merely antagonistic relations. Thus, the main point of this research is to explore other possible intergroup relationship by adopting the relational mode ...

Following the “refugee crisis,” Germany has faced a rise in both right-wing and Islamist extremism. It has been argued that sports contexts may be suitable to reduce intergroup tensions including its more extreme forms, ...

Schizophrenia has traditionally been regarded as a severe mental illness with limited prospects of full recovery. Research on first-episode schizophrenia (FES) has provided some new insights, although there is still much ...

The thesis examines developmental changes in fundamental neural and cognitive processes underlying attention and cognitive control across adolescence. Using electroencephalography (EEG), the results generally indicate that ...

Regarded as the product of prolonged and sustained efforts, creativity is still often associated with the rare moments when a solution to a problem suddenly bursts into consciousness: the hallmark of sudden insight. The ...

In a fragmented and accelerated world of globalization and emerging nationalism, social and cultural psychologists can play an important role to investigate the national and superordinate identities. This study addresses ...

When do people say that they are moved, and does this experience constitute a unique emotion? We review theory and empirical research on being moved across psychology and philosophy. We examine feeling labels, elicitors, ...

This study investigated the relationship between narcissism and OCB mediated by impression management motives (IM motives) and moderated by perceived performance appraisal. The study performed two analyses, one with ...

Childhood and adolescence captures a remarkable period of change, and is the central period for major reorganization and optimization of the cerebral cortex. This maturation is mirrored by major cognitive improvements ...

Depression is a debilitating disorder with a high prevalence compared to most other mental disorders. It has become increasingly apparent that depression is clinically heterogenous, most notably in terms of the breadth and ...

Bakgrunn: Huntingtons sykdom (HS) er en arvelig, nevrodegenerativ lidelse preget av somatiske og psykologiske symptomer. Sykdommen kan påvirke den rammedes omsorgsevne, familiemedlemmene rundt og spesielt barna som vokser ...

This study investigated how doctors communicate the uncertainties of survival prognoses to patients recently diagnosed with life‐threatening cancer, and suggests ways to improve this communication. Two hundred thirty‐eight ...

Taushet i psykodynamisk terapi har vært drøftet og forstått på ulike måter. Dette er en kvalitativ studie av en studentterapi, som har undersøkt problemstillingen: På hvilken måte kan oppmerksomhet på episoder med taushet ...

Innenfor utviklingspsykologien har det lenge blitt undersøkt hvilke faktorer som bidrar til at noen barn utvikler seg normalt, mens andre barn utvikler psykiske vansker. En betydelig andel av denne forskningen er drevet ...

Studien har undersøkt norske virksomheters praktiske bruk og erfaring med evidensbaserte seleksjonsmetoder i lederseleksjon. Formålet med studien var å sammenligne evidensbaserte standarder og virksomhetenes reelle HR-praksis ...

27 toppledergrupper fra den norske statsforvaltningen ble undersøkt for å kunne svare på om teamutvikling virker i ledergrupper. Toppledergruppene ble målt to ganger på 26 ulike variabler som omhandler effektivitet i ...

During the transitional age of adolescence, some – often girls – begin self-harming. A better understanding of their subjective experience of self-harm may reveal their sense of self and inform treatment adjustments. A ...

Systematic analyses of initiatives and responses from mediators working with parents in intense conflicts about child custody and care brought forward variations in effective strategies. The findings are presented along ...

Research indicates that lower-caste Dalits and Adivasis make up the overwhelming majority of Indians living in exploitative work conditions termed modern or contemporary slavery. This thesis set out to evaluate if an ...

Background Health researchers often use survey studies to examine associations between risk factors at one time point and health outcomes later in life. Previous studies have shown that missing not at ...

Bakgrunn: Depresjon er en svært forekommende psykisk lidelse som kan ha ødeleggende konsekvenser for den som rammes. Det eksisterer likevel få kvalitative undersøkelser av hvordan depresjonen oppleves og forstås fra et ...

This study aimed to investigate for the first time the relationship between attachment, information seeking and epistemic trust in adults. The study takes a relational approach by investigating information seeking in the ...

The use of interval forecasts allows climate scientists to issue predictions with high levels of certainty even for areas fraught with uncertainty, since wide intervals are objectively more likely to capture the truth than ...

Denne studien har utforsket hvordan psykologer og terapeuter vurderer betydningen av parterapi for flerkulturelle par i Norge, hva som er tilbudet til disse parene og hva terapeutene vurderer som særlig vesentlige elementer ...

Increasing walking and cycling is important both for population health and, if done through active transportation, for the local and global climate. In addition to infrastructural and regulatory measures, voluntary behavior ...

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational climate, individual readiness for change, and work fatigue. The thesis investigates global climate as conceptualized by Kuenzi (2008), based on ...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine people’s understanding and evaluation of uncertainty intervals produced by experts as part of a quality assurance procedure of large public projects. Design/methodology ...

I dagens Norge er monogami ansett som den mest naturlige og selvsagte formen for samlivsorganisering. Norge kan derfor kalles en mononormativ kultur. Personer som praktiserer poly lever åpent med flere romantiske og/eller ...

The purpose of the current thesis was to elucidate the impact of the different social withdrawal subtypes (unsociability, avoidance, shyness, isolation) on several psychological outcomes - life satisfaction, loneliness and ...

This dissertation is based on a prospective longitudinal study of fathers’ adverse childhood experiences, partner attachment style, anxious and depressive feelings during pregnancy, and experience of parenting stress in ...

Etter signeringen av fredsavtalen mellom FARC (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia) og den colombianske staten i 2016, har Colombia vært vitne til en ”babyboom” blant tidligere FARC-stridende kvinner. Denne studien ...

Objective: We investigated whether levels of current physical activity (PA) contribute to the established relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cognition in schizophrenia and whether brain-derived ...

Background The prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus is increased among patients with severe mental disorders, and particularly use of second generation antipsychotic drugs is associated ...

In recent years there has been increased attention to child neurodevelopment in studies on medication safety in pregnancy. Neurodevelopment is a multifactorial outcome that can be assessed by various assessors, using ...

We hypothesized that pupil constrictions to the glare illusion, where converging luminance gradients subjectively enhance the perception of brightness, would be stronger for ‘blue’ than for other colors. Such an expectation ...

Background Research has consistently shown that early onset of drinking (EOD) is associated with alcohol-related problems in adulthood. However, recent reviews have identified several limitations in the ...

Introduction: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) symptoms are prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS) as is neurodegeneration. Our aim was to explore the occurrence of ANS symptoms and retinal neurodegeneration in a newly diagnosed ...

Maternal fever during pregnancy is associated with several adverse child outcomes. We investigated associations between maternal fever and ADHD among offspring, as well as the sub-dimensions of ADHD - inattention and ...

Formålet med studien er å få et innblikk i hvordan ungdom opplever å delta i et tilpasset ungdomsprogram. Det ble utført semi-strukturerte intervju med fire ungdommer som deltok i ungdomsprogrammet til Kompass og Co. ...

This study examined the impact of a study abroad (SA) English program on English and native vowel production. Basque-Spanish bilingual adolescents were assessed on their vowel production in English, Basque and Spanish ...

Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with poor prognosis and mainly unknown pathophysiology. Heritability estimates exceed 30% but few genetic risk variants have been identified. Here we ...

The past 5 years have witnessed claims that infants as young as six months of age understand the meaning of several words. To reach this conclusion, researchers presented infants with pairs of pictures from distinct semantic ...

Diagnostic accuracy of different chronic disorders of consciousness (DOC) can be affected by the false negative errors in up to 40% cases. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of a non-Gaussian ...

Increasing interest in the structural and functional organisation of the human brain encourages the acquisition of big data sets comprising multiple neuroimaging modalities, often accompanied by additional information ...

Contemporary cognitive models incorporate an information-processing approach in explaining the causes of depression. The common core in these models is that depression is caused by a vicious cycle of negative thoughts and ...

In this study, a training program used during a large-scale reform resulting from the implementation of a new school law was evaluated. The evaluation was theoretically founded on the research of training transfer as- ...

Chatbots are predicted to play a key role in customer service. Users’ trust in such chatbots is critical for their uptake. However, there is a lack of knowledge concerning users’ trust in chatbots. To bridge this knowledge ...

Author: Sigrunn Grønningen Aa Title: Driving with cerebral palsy – medical and neuropsychological determinants of fitness to drive – a follow-up study Head supervisor: Per-Ola Rike Co-supervisor: Anne-Kristine Schanke ...

Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe mental disorders associated with cognitive impairment, which is considered a major determinant of functional outcome. Despite this, the etiology of the cognitive ...

There is extensive research on how prosocial behaviour develops in young children, however, research on the link between children’s prosocial behaviour and exposure to nature is scarce and consists mainly of cross-sectional ...

Høsten 2018 hadde jeg min hovedpraksis på profesjonsstudiet i psykologi i Stallen på Gaustad sykehus. Sammen med veiledere og de ansatte i Stallen, kom vi frem til at jeg skulle gjøre en kvantitativ pilotundersøkelse på ...

Formålet med denne studien var å oppnå innsikt i hva polititjenestepersoner hos utlendingspolitiet vektla når de skulle identifisere potensielle utlendinger på gaten, og hvilken rolle verdier og holdninger spilte i ...

Background and purpose: People living in humanitarian emergencies cope with experiences that can have severe and lasting emotional, mental and social negative consequences. Attention to mental health and psychosocial support ...

Background Over the past decades research has shown that employment has a positive impact on quality of life, global functioning and recovery in individuals with schizophrenia. However, access to vocational ...

Background For some young persons diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, treatment will inevitably involve phases where hospitalization is required. Inspired by the encouraging evidence-base for outpatient ...

Background: In many European countries, the rate of childlessness has increased and this increase is disproportionately large among men. It is thus important to study the antecedents of childlessness. Intelligence as a ...

Evidence-based practices that are implemented in mental health services are often challenging to sustain. In this focus-group study, 26 mental health practitioners with high fidelity scores were interviewed regarding their ...

Denne studien hadde som et av sine overordnede mål å undersøke forskjeller og likheter i seksuell tilfredshet og –selvfølelse (i.e., affektiv-kognitiv seksuell helse) blant lesbiske og bifile kvinner (LB-kvinner) i Norge. ...

Children who demonstrate social withdrawal in childhood (including shyness and unsociability) may experience increased difficulties at school and may be at risk of developing later psychological problems. Given that teachers ...