Denne hovedoppgaven har blitt utformet som en del av profesjonsutdanningen i psykologi ved Universitetet i Oslo. Oppgaven “Langtidspsykefravær - hva øker sjansen for tilbakeføring til arbeid?” er skrevet av Une Elise ...

Bakgrunn og mål: Langtidssykefravær er belastende for både individ og samfunn, og psykiske lidelser er en av hovedårsakene til sykefravær og uførepensjon. Et arbeidsrehabiliteringstiltak for personer med angst og depresjon, ...

Bakgrunn: Aksept- og forpliktelsesterapi (ACT) regnes som en tredjegenerasjons kognitiv atferdsterapi. Modellen har sterk empirisk støtte i form av kvantitative studier, men er i liten grad undersøkt kvalitativt. Ingen ...

Introduction: Compromised integrity of the brain due to paediatric acquired brain injury (pABI) has been associated with cognitive impairment, particularly executive dysfunction, in addition to somatic and emotional symptoms ...

Forfatter: Kaja Schau Knatten Tittel: Å bli foreldre prematurt – en kvalitativ studie av hvordan foreldre til premature barn opplever å være ved en nyfødtintensivavdeling Veiledere: Hovedveileder Kari Slinning, biveileder ...

Bakgrunn: Formålet med den foreliggende studien var å undersøke sammenhengen mellom kjønn, generelt og genitalt kroppsbilde, hyppighet av onani og orgasme, og om denne sammenhengen var lik eller ulik for personer av ulik ...

Bakgrunn: Formålet med den foreliggende studien var å undersøke sammenhengen mellom kjønn, generelt og genitalt kroppsbilde, hyppighet av onani og orgasme, og om denne sammenhengen var lik eller ulik for personer av ulik ...

Background: Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders among adults and are associated with a high burden of disease. While there are effective treatments for these disorders, many do not get ...

Background: Behavior problems in children are common and widely studied, and a range of etiological explanations for both the genesis and the persistence of behavior problems have been proposed. In the past 20 years, ...

AUTHOR: Tor Amund Voll Storaas. MAIN SUPERVISOR: Professor Merete Glenne Øie. CO-SUPERVISOR: Professor Jens Egeland. BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is currently understood as a neurodevelopmental ...

Likeverdige helsetjenester er et viktig begrep i Norge og internasjonalt for å sikre alle like muligheter, tilgang, kvalitet og resultater for helsehjelp uavhengig av kulturell bakgrunn, tro og tilhørighet. Norske ...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that influences a wide range of functions, including cognition. Over the past 30 years, deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been ...

People with schizophrenia often have an unhealthy sedentary lifestyle with low level of physical activity and poor cardiorespiratory fitness—an important predictor of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the relations ...

Although it is well known that adolescent delinquent behavior is related to poor outcomes in adulthood, longitudinal research on specific acts of delinquency and their interplay with important individual characteristics ...

Bakgrunn: Yoga er en østlig spirituell praksis med røtter flere tusen år tilbake i tid. I dag praktiseres yoga over hele verden og er blitt en populær form for trening og stressmestring i Vesten. De to siste tiårene har ...

Depression is a highly recurrent disorder with limited treatment alternatives for reducing risk of subsequent episodes. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and attention bias modification (ABM) separately have shown ...

Norske domstoler behandler årlig rundt 2600 foreldretvister, og av disse går mellom 20 og 30 prosent videre til hovedforhandling. Sakkyndigvurderinger har mye å si for utfallet i disse sakene, og er et omdiskutert tema, ...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. By combining longitudinal MRI-based brain morphometry and brain age estimation using machine learning, we tested the hypothesis that MS ...

Background and aims Chronic pain is a leading cause to years lived with disability worldwide. However, few of the interventions used in pain medicine have proven efficacy, and evidence from the existing studies may not ...

Introduction: Social communication difficulties (SCDs) occur frequently after an acquired brain injury (ABI) and have disabling consequences, but effective interventions are scant. Group Interactive Structured Treatment ...

Restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) is a recently introduced magnetic resonance imaging diffusion technique. The utility of RSI in multiple sclerosis (MS) is unknown. To investigate the association between RSI-derived ...

Using fMRI, Hugdahl et al. (2015) reported the existence of a general-domain cortical network during active task-processing which was non-specific to the cognitive task being processed. They labelled this network the ...

Bakgrunn: Barn i risikofamilier har større sannsynlighet for skjevutvikling, både sosialt og helserelatert. Barnevernet tilbyr flere hjelpetiltak for å forebygge skjevutvikling hos barn i risiko for omsorgssvikt, men ...

Bakgrunn: Barn i risikofamilier har større sannsynlighet for skjevutvikling, både sosialt og helserelatert. Barnevernet tilbyr flere hjelpetiltak for å forebygge skjevutvikling hos barn i risiko for omsorgssvikt, men ...

Aims: The current study explore the relationship between the trajectories of primary panic disorder symptoms and secondary depressive symptoms during guided internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for panic ...

Oxytocin is a neuropeptide involved in animal and human reproductive and social behavior. Three oxytocin signaling genes have been frequently implicated in human social behavior: OXT (structural gene for oxytocin), OXTR ...

Studies exploring the neurochemical underpinnings of basic, evolutionary rewards (i.e. tasty food and sex) have consistently implicated the endogenous opioid system during peak moments of consummatory pleasure. Less is ...

Bakgrunn og formål: I tolket psykoterapi mister terapeuten i en viss forstand kontrollen over sitt viktigste verktøy, nemlig språket. Ettersom språket er så viktig i psykoterapi, vil bruk av tolk kunne medføre endringer ...

Organizations rely on human resource management (HRM) practices to steer organizational change, but little is known about the effects of HRM practices on employees’ attitudes towards change. This study aims to investigate ...

Background: In the care of persons with cognitive problems, it is important to use a valid mild cognitive impairment (MCI) criterion that discriminates well between normal and pathological aging. Objective: To find the ...

Bakgrunn: Omsorgssvikt og mishandling i barndommen kan føre til alvorlige langtidskonsekvenser for psykisk og fysisk helse, så vel som tilpasningsvansker på en rekke livsområder. Barnevernets kjerneområde omhandler arbeid ...

Learning to regulate and manage emotions efficiently are important parts of normal development for children (Eisenberg, Cumberland, & Spinrad, 1998). Children learn a considerable amount about emotions from their ...

Introduction: The quality of measures used to assess theory of mind (ToM) in severe mental illness has not been sufficiently investigated. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the ...

Background Some studies have previously found that certain elevated early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are negative predictors for outcome for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) treated with ...

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and physical functioning in persons hospitalized after 2 terror attacks in Norway in 2011. Design: Cross-sectional study with retrospective acute medical data. Subjects: ...

Background: Cognitive impairment may be a risk factor for, as well as a consequence of, psychosis. Non-remitting symptoms, premorbid functioning, level of education, and socioeconomic background are known correlates. A ...

The default-mode network (DMN) is affected by advancing age, where particularly long-range connectivity has been consistently reported to be reduced as compared to young individuals. We examined whether there were any ...

Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising non-invasive technique providing insights regarding the brain's microvascular architecture in vivo. The scalar perfusion metrics can be used for quantitative ...

In speech and music, the acoustic and perceptual onset(s) of a sound are usually not congruent with its perceived temporal location. Rather, these "P-centers" are heard some milliseconds after the acoustic onset, and a ...

Detecting errors and adjusting behaviour appropriately are fundamental cognitive abilities that are known to improve through adolescence. The cognitive and neural processes underlying this development, however, are still ...

Social stress and inflammatory processes are strong regulators of one another. Considerable evidence shows that social threats trigger inflammatory responses that increase infection susceptibility in both humans and animals, ...

Study 1a of Giessner and Schubert (2007) found a causal effect of vertical spatial cues on power judgments. Recent work showed that this was a false positive (Klein et al., 2018). Here, we test whether another paradigm ...

Schizophrenia is characterized by social cognitive impairments that predict functioning. Social cognitive training aims to target these impairments. Although it can improve the targeted social cognitive domain, it is unclear ...

How do young people interpret and negotiate their sense of being affected in the context of social media use? Our study draws on recent theorizing that views affective practices as discursive, relational and imbued with ...

Common risk factors for psychiatric and other brain disorders are likely to converge on biological pathways influencing the development and maintenance of brain structure and function across life. Using structural MRI data ...

A configuration of infantile attributes including a large head, large eyes, with a small nose and mouth low on the head comprise the visual baby schema or Kindchenschema that English speakers call “cute.” In contrast to ...

People may think about time by mentally imaging it in some spatial form, or as “spacetime.” In an online survey, 76,922 Norwegian individuals positioned two dots corresponding to the months of December and March on what ...

Postpartum depression has been recognized as a serious condition by clinicians and researchers for decades, yet our understanding of the complexities of depressive symptomatology during the perinatal period is still in its ...

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between self-reported cognitive difficulties, objective neuropsychological test performances, and subjective health complaints in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and ...

Objectives Poor sleep is associated with multiple age-related neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions. The hippocampus plays a special role in sleep and sleep-dependent cognition, and accelerated hippocampal ...

Performance on recall tests improves through childhood and adolescence, in part due to structural maturation of the medial temporal cortex. Although partly different processes support successful recall over shorter vs. ...

Variations in levels of processing affect memory encoding and subsequent retrieval performance, but it is unknown how processing depth affects communication patterns within the network of interconnected brain regions ...

Concerns have been growingabout the veracityof psychological research. Many findings in psychological science are based on studies with insufficient statistical power and nonrepresentative samples, or may otherwise be ...

Background and Objectives A healthy brain is central to physical and mental well-being. In this multi-site, qualitative study, we investigated views and attitudes of adult participants in brain research ...

Prosocial behavior, or voluntary actions that intentionally benefit others, relate to desirable developmental outcomes such as peer acceptance, while lack of prosocial behavior has been associated with several neurodevelopmental ...

Background The aim of this study is to provide a better understanding of the central symptoms of DSM‐5 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents from the perspective of the child and its caregiver. ...

Background In most maternity wards in Norway, early discharge (<48 hour) is the norm. To monitor newborns’ and women's health during the first week after delivery, most maternity wards offer early check‐ups, where ...

The state of the future world is uncertain. Will it rain tomorrow? Will Donald Trump still be president in 2019? Will the world’s average temperature rise by more than 2 ºC? These questions can only be answered probabilistically, ...

Abstract Background Little is known about the mental health of prenatally opioid- and polydrug-exposed youth raised in foster/adoptive families. Aim To compare mental health problems among two groups of youth, one prenatally ...

Background Fatigue and depression are frequent and often co-occurring symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) represents a promising tool for disentangling ...

Bakgrunn: Denne studiens formål var todelt. Formålet var innledningsvis å kartlegge forekomst av masturbasjon hos eldre menn og kvinner i Norge. Dernest ønsket man å utforske hvordan sosiodemografiske faktorer som blant ...

Background Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent organic pollutants that are suspected to be neurodevelopmental toxicants, but epidemiological evidence on neurodevelopmental effects of PFAS exposure is inconsistent. ...

Emerging evidence suggests that prenatal stress does not solely undermine child functioning but increases developmental plasticity to both negative and positive postnatal experiences. Here we test this proposition using ...

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by numerous subtle changes in brain structure and function. Machine learning allows exploring the utility of combining structural and functional brain magnetic resonance ...

Formål: En stadig økende andel eldre i befolkningen øker behovet for mer kunnskap om psykisk helse i denne aldersgruppen. Denne studien kartlegger depresjons- og angstsymptomer hos et utvalg norske eldre, inkludert kjønns- ...

Formål: En stadig økende andel eldre i befolkningen øker behovet for mer kunnskap om psykisk helse i denne aldersgruppen. Denne studien kartlegger depresjons- og angstsymptomer hos et utvalg norske eldre, inkludert kjønns- ...

Susceptibility to schizophrenia is inversely correlated with general cognitive ability at both the phenotypic and the genetic level. Paradoxically, a modest but consistent positive genetic correlation has been reported ...

Objective: To inquire into the subjective experience of treatment by persons diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder. Methods: Persons with avoidant personality disorder (n = 15) were interviewed twice, using ...

Globalization is on the agenda as a cause of job insecurity, but knowledge regarding the relationship between globalization, management practices, and employee job insecurity is in fact limited. This study aims to investigate ...

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the development of working memory and preliminary stages of attentional processing in individuals with ADHD over a 23- to 25-year period. Method: Individuals with ADHD ( n = ...

Forfattere: Simen Aurstad Gjernes og Hanne Sofie Wernø Nilsson Tittel: Veiledet internettbasert selvhjelp i primærhelsetjenesten: Implementeringskvalitet fra behandlernes perspektiv Veileder: Henrik Natvig Bakgrunn: ...

Innledning: I denne systematiske litteraturgjennomgangen undersøkes betydningen av timefrekvens for utfall i poliklinisk psykologisk behandling av voksne. Hva er optimalt med tanke på hvor ofte man bør gå i terapi? Alle ...

Bakgrunn: I Norge skal flyktninger og asylsøkere ivaretas av det offentlige helsevesenet, på lik linje med personer født og oppvokst i Norge (Helsedirektoratet, 2015). Dette innebærer at flyktninger med alvorlige psykiske ...

Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental illness with severe consequences for patients and society. However, a large degree of heterogeneity is apparent. Research on First-Episode Schizophrenia (FES) shows better outcome ...

Introduction: Although considered a promising design for testing social cognition, it is not clear to what extent the EmoBio test of emotion recognition actually predicts community functioning. It is also not clear whether ...

Background: The combination of eating disorder (ED) and the experience of childhood trauma leads to significant impairment and suffering. To improve treatment, it is critically important to study treatment effects, and the ...

Forfattere: Simen Aurstad Gjernes og Hanne Sofie Wernø Nilsson Tittel: Veiledet internettbasert selvhjelp i primærhelsetjenesten: Implementeringskvalitet fra behandlernes perspektiv Veileder: Henrik Natvig Bakgrunn: ...

Aims/hypothesis MODY can be wrongly diagnosed as type 1 diabetes in children. We aimed to find the prevalence of MODY in a nationwide population-based registry of childhood diabetes. Methods Using next-generation ...

Background: Individual differences in executive function may influence eating behavior, weight loss (WL), and WL maintenance in obesity treatment. Executive function, which designates top-down cognitive control processes, ...

Background and aims Pain catastrophizing has consistently been related to a variety of negative outcomes within chronic pain conditions, but competing models exist explaining the role of catastrophizing. According to ...

I Norge har vi manglende evidensbaserte behandlingsprogrammer for personer som opplever sosiale kommunikasjonsvansker etter ervervede hjerneskader, dette til tross for at vanskene er svært utbredt og får store konsekvenser ...

Bakgrunn: Formålet med studien har vært å belyse selvrapportert eksekutiv funksjon i dagliglivet, helserelatert livskvalitet og fatigue blant barn og ungdom som har overlevd hjernesvulst eller traumatisk hjerneskade. Metode: ...