Abstract Impairments in cognition, pain intolerance, and physical inactivity characterize adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), yet little is known about its neurobiology. The right dorsal anterior insular (dAI) ...

Forecasts of future outcomes, such as the consequences of climate change, are given with different degrees of precision. Logically, more precise forecasts (e.g., a temperature increase of 3–4°) have a smaller probability ...

Objective: To investigate the development of executive function with pronounced emotional salience (hot EF) and less pronounced emotional salience (cold EF) in boys and girls with ADHD relative to typically developing (TD) ...

Background Different methods in pharmacoepidemiology can be used to study hypnotic use in children. But neither questionnaire-based data nor prescription records can be considered a “gold standard”. This ...

Objective: To explore the nature of professional wisdom, through learning from the experiences of a group of highly experienced senior therapists. Method: Twelve senior psychotherapists took part in qualitative in-depth ...

How do clients consider their own contribution and that of their therapist in the last phase of therapy when they are moving toward the end? Thirty-seven clients who had received therapy from highly experienced clinicians ...

Approval of hierarchy and inequality in society indexed by social dominance orientation (SDO) extends to support for human dominance over the natural world. We tested this negative association between SDO and environmentalism ...

The high rates of depression – as well as the widespread diagnosis of depression – are both controversial and contested in contemporary late-modern society. Issues of flawed definition have been voiced to account for the ...

I denne artikkelen vil jeg gi en oversikt over problemet med psykiatriske diagnoser hva angår validitet og reliabilitet, samt påståtte negative konsekvenser som «innsnevring av normaliteten», «tingliggjøring» og «stigmatisering». ...

Before we can assess and interpret how developmental changes in human brain structure relate to cognition, affect, and motivation, and how these processes are perturbed in clinical or at-risk populations, we must first ...

Age differences in human brain plasticity are assumed, but have not been systematically investigated. In this longitudinal study, we investigated changes in white matter (WM) microstructure in response to memory training ...

Identifying patients at risk of poor outcome after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is essential to aid prognostics and treatment. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) may be the primary pathologic feature of MTBI but is normally ...

Objectives To examine if elevated symptoms of insomnia affects neuropsychological functioning in patients with concurrent symptoms of pain, fatigue, and mood disorders. Methods and results A total of seventy-six subjects ...

Mål: Denne studien hadde som mål å belyse eventuelle forskjeller i symptomer på depresjon, angst og muskel- og skjelettsmerter mellom personer som var i arbeid, gradert sykmeldte og fullt sykmeldte. Videre ville vi undersøke ...

Children with autism often struggle with emotional and behavioral problems (EBP). This study investigated whether level of autism symptoms, attention problems or verbal IQ at baseline can predict EBP 2 years later in ...

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Waaktaar, T., Kan, K.-J., and Torgersen, S. (2017) The genetic and environmental architecture of substance use development from early adolescence into young ...

Background: Cognitive assessment is essential in tracking disease progression in AD. Presently, cohorts including preclinical at-risk participants are recruited by different means, which may bias cognitive and clinical ...

In this chapter I discuss the practical application of the Convention for the purpose of eradicating, preventing, and punishing torture and ill-treatment, as well as protecting against torture and ill-treatment and providing ...

Bakgrunn: Flere studier har vist en høy forekomst av seksuelle problemer blant den generelle befolkningen, og blant personer med psykisk lidelser. Ettersom seksualitet og seksuelle problemer sjeldent blir tematisert av ...

Themainobjective of "Lifebrain" is toidentify thedeterminantsofbrain, cognitive andmental(BCM)health at different stages of life. By integrating, harmonising and enriching major European neuroimaging studies across the ...

Objective: Circulating microparticles (cMPs) are phospholipid-rich vesicles released from cells when activated or injured, and contribute to the formation of intracoronary thrombi. Tissue factor (TF, CD142) is the main ...

Few empirical studies have examined subtypes of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in youth, and limited consensus resides on the nature of potential subtypes. Identifying subtypes, based on both fear and avoidance patterns, ...

The brain underpinnings of schizophrenia and bipolar disorders are multidimensional, reflecting complex pathological processes and causal pathways, requiring multivariate techniques to disentangle. Furthermore, little is ...

Behavioral adjustments require interactions between distinct modes of cognitive control and response inhibition. Hypothetically, fast and global inhibition is exerted in the reactive control mode, whereas proactive control ...

Dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs (“metacognitions”) and executive control are important factors in mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, but the relationship between these concepts has not been studied ...

I dette kapittelet legger vi til grunn at politi bør danne en best mulig forståelse av hvordan forholdet mellom dem selv og andre mennesker kan utvikle seg i ulike operative samhandlingssituasjoner. Ved å fokusere særskilt ...

Previous studies of the relationship between maternal eating disorders and adverse perinatal outcomes have failed to control for familial transmission of perinatal phenotypes, which may confound the reported association. ...

This paper has two major aims. First, to investigate how positive emotions and intrinsic motivation affect each other over time. Second, to test the effect of positive emotions and intrinsic motivation on subsequent ...

Acculturation refers to changes that result from intercultural contact. Although it is commonly defined as a two-way process with changes occurring among both minority members and majority members, surprisingly little ...

Aims: This article discusses the rationale for measuring national well-being, and examines the use of subjectively oriented well-being measures in the context of public policy. Recent years have witnessed growing attention ...

Communication and social interactions contribute to child development. Interactions between mothers and their children are complex and are in many ways built upon communication and trust. Mothers provide different forms ...

The development of emotion understanding in young Chinese children was examined. The overall trend in the development of emotion understanding among Chinese preschoolers – as measured by the Test of Emotion Comprehension ...

Background and aims: Pain is not merely an isolated experience occurring within the person. It takes place in a wider social context, including the immediate social relationships that the person is a part of. The aim of ...

Background Outcomes from studies on season of birth bias in eating disorders have been inconsistent. This inconsistency has been explained by differences in methodologies resulting in different types of ...

Background: Disability benefits and sick leave benefits represents huge costs in western countries. The pathways and prognostic factors for receiving these benefits seen in recent years are complex and manifold. We postulate ...

Aim: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the parental part of the Norwegian Unge & Rus (Youth and Alcohol) programme. The intervention was aimed at changing parents’ rules and attitudes ...

Formål: Denne studien har til hensikt å utforske barns opplevelse av tilfredshet med behandling i psykisk helsevern. Metode: Syv barn har blitt intervjuet med utgangspunkt i et semistrukturert intervju kalt Child and ...

Dissociating meat from its animal origins helps consumers deal with the cognitive dissonance resulting from liking meat but disliking causing pain to animals. Extending previous research, we tested whether dissociation ...

It is increasingly recognised that single-case analysis makes a valuable contribution to the evidence base for psychotherapy, alongside other methodologies. Such analyses make it possible to investigate the unfolding process ...

People with mental disorders often face prejudices that can further deteriorate their condition. We tested whether Social Dominance Orientation (SDO), Right‐Wing Authoritarianism (RWA), and Belief in a Just World (BJW), ...

Physical cues influence social judgments of others. For example, shorter individuals are evaluated less positively than taller individuals. Here, we demonstrate that height also impacts one of the most consequential ...

Bakgrunn: Utgangspunktet for denne studien er to terapiforløp gjennomført av samme terapeut. Terapeuten oppgir å arbeide etter affektbevissthetsmodellen (ABT) og prosessene vil undersøkes med eksplisitt utgangspunkt i denne ...

Two streams of research looking at referent‐dependent judgments from slightly different angles are subadditivity research and research on the nonselective superiority bias. Both biases violate basic formal constraints: the ...

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms among Norwegian priests and to examine their associations with effort–reward imbalance (ERI) and overcommitment. Methods: ...

Self-esteem development across adulthood has been in the center of interest for some time now. However, not much is known about factors that shape self-esteem and its development in the second half of life and whether the ...

Events are temporal “figures”, which can be defined as identifiable segments in time, bounded by beginnings and endings. But the functions and importance of these two boundaries differ. We argue that beginnings loom larger ...

Depressive symptoms among pregnant and postpartum women are common. However, recent studies indicate that depressive symptoms in the perinatal period do not follow a uniform course, and investigations of the heterogeneity ...

Purpose: Common mental disorders (CMDs) account for a large portion of sickness absence. Even after attending return to work (RTW) interventions, many patients with a CMD remain on sick leave. To identify people at risk ...

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation strategy used in the first-phase of implementation of the Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) programme, an intervention for adults with severe ...

This case study used test data from a patient with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID; American Psychiatric Association, 2013 ) to illustrate how two main personality states of the patient ("Ann" and "Ben") seemed to ...

The aim of this study was to examine associations between selected physical functional limitations related to performing daily activities and psychological distress. We also aimed to investigate if these associations vary ...

Objective and setting: The objective of this study was to provide knowledge about the emotional reactions in parents whose offspring experienced a mass shooting on Utøya island in Norway in 2011. The research questions ...

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has demonstrated favorable long-term outcomes in youth with anxiety disorders in efficacy trials. However, long-term outcomes of CBT delivered in a community setting are uncertain. This ...

In this article, we present the first empirical validation of the Affect Integration Inventory (AII), a measure that assesses affect integration through a time-efficient self-report format, write Ole André Solbakken and ...

Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent binge eating and marked distress in the absence of inappropriate compensatory behaviors for weight control. BED is prevalent in men and women, is associated with ...

Meta-analytic evidence suggests that children have higher cortisol levels in childcare than at home. In the present study change of morning to mid-afternoon levels of cortisol was explored at home and in childcare in a ...

Satisfaction with life is often considered to be a component of or a synonym for subjective well-being. However, the meaning of “satisfaction” is rarely discussed in the scientific literature. The purpose of this study was ...

Order kommunikasjon stammer fra det latinske ordet communicare, som betyr å dele eller å gjøre noe felles eller kjent. Når vi deler noe, for eksempel informasjon, mening eller kunnskap, gjør vi det per definisjon med andre ...

The complex nature of human cognition has resulted in cognitive genomics lagging behind many other fields in terms of gene discovery using genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods. In an attempt to overcome these ...

Aim: The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) assesses seven cognitive domains with 10 subtests. This domain structure has not been demonstrated. Three factors have been produced in US samples. We examined the ...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NFL) is a marker of axonal degeneration. We tested whether CSF NFL levels predict hippocampal atrophy rate in cognitively healthy older adults independently of the established ...

The ability to represent and select information in working memory provides the neurobiological infrastructure for human cognition. For 80 years, dominant views of working memory have focused on the key role of prefrontal ...

Background This study examined the outcomes of a vocational rehabilitation program (The Job Management Program, JUMP) for persons with psychotic disorders based on close collaboration between health and ...

The activity pattern and temporal dynamics within and between neuron ensembles are essential features of information processing and believed to be profoundly affected by anesthesia. Much of our general understanding of ...

Background: More knowledge about the interaction between young children with autism spectrum disorder and their parents is one way to improve intervention. This study aims to investigate the behaviours of mothers and ...

Artikkelen framstiller Disneys Pinocchiosom en dannelsesreise der utvikling av dyder står på dagsorden. Hensikten er å vise hvordan filmen kan brukes til å levendegjøre etiske og kristne temaeri undervisning. Temaene settes ...

Background Maternal alcohol use during pregnancy has repeatedly been associated with development of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the offspring. It is, however not known whether this reflects a ...

Preparing for international military collaboration includes raising knowledge about cultural differences. The differences in individualism–collectivism between countries are among the most central aspects likely to impact ...