Det er gjort mye forskning på forebygging av psykiske lidelser på individnivå, men det eksisterer lite kunnskap om sammenhengen mellom forebyggende og helsefremmende innsats på systemnivå og psykisk helse blant barn og ...

Tidligere forskning viser en positiv sammenheng mellom å tilbringe tid i naturen som barn og miljøvennlige holdninger og atferd senere i livet. Imidlertid varierer effektstørrelsene, og en overvekt av tidligere studier ...

Background: Emotion regulation (ER) develops throughout childhood and contributes to increased emotional competence. Despite many important emotional changes occurring during toddlerhood, this developmental period remains ...

Problemstilling: Hvordan oppleves det å være en introvert leder? Bakgrunn og formål: Forskning på ledelse har i stor grad trukket frem ekstroversjon som en av de viktigste karakteristikkene for hvem som blir ledere, og som ...

Sex hormones such as estrogen fluctuate across the female lifespan, with high levels during reproductive years and natural decline during the transition to menopause. Women's exposure to estrogen may influence their ...

Background Attention to and interpretation of symptoms are influenced by psychologic and contextual factors. Preoperative anxiety, and to some extent depression, has been found to predict the perceived impact of somatic ...

Background: Attending to goal-relevant information can leave us metaphorically “blind” or “deaf” to the next relevant information while searching among distracters. This temporal cost lasting for about a half a second on ...

Abstract Numerous studies document that societal happiness is correlated with individualism, but the nature of this phenomenon remains understudied. In the current paper, we address this gap and test the reasoning that ...

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic is a global public health emergency and experts emphasize the need for rapid and a high degree of communication and interaction between all parties, in order for critical ...

The present mixed-method research examines the rise of the #FridaysForFuture movement in Norway during 2019. We investigated the youths’ motivations for participating in climate school strikes in Norway using a cultural ...

Despite toddlerhood being a significant developmental period where children are learning the important ability to regulate their emotions (Denham, 1998), toddlers remain an understudied group in this field and especially ...

Background: This thesis explored the effects of a lifestyle-change mobile application developed by Helsedirektoratet named “Heia meg”. The app targets five different behaviors for lifestyle improvement. This study explored ...

Mental effort is a construct that is widely used in our daily lives and is prevalent in attention, decision-making, and intelligence research. Therefore, operationalizing it has been of great interest in the cognitive ...

Stimulus response modulation (SRM) of sensory evoked potentials represents a promising method as a non‐invasive index of long‐term potentiation (LTP)‐like synaptic plasticity in the human sensory cortices. As of today, ...

Background: A defined goal in mental health care is to increase the opportunities for patients to more actively participate in their treatment. This goal includes integrating aspects of user empowerment and shared ...

To explore how clients and therapists experience and engage in a therapeutic relationship which the client can make use of. We explored 11 psychotherapy dyads using in-depth qualitative methods. Selected dyads were ones ...

Attentional deficits following stroke are common and pervasive, and are important predictors for functional recovery. Attentional functions comprise a set of specific cognitive processes allowing to attend, filter and ...

Formål: Formålet med studien er å undersøke betydningen av kollegastøtte. Forskningsspørsmålene er hvordan psykoterapeuter bruker kollegastøtte, og videre hva erfaringer fra deltakelse i en mangeårig kollegagruppe kan si ...

Selecting the best design for genetic association studies requires careful deliberation; different study designs can be used to scan for different genetic effects, and each design has its own set of strengths and limitations. ...

We investigated whether children born preterm are at risk for language delay using a sibling-control design in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. ...

Denne hovedoppgaven er forfattet av Ingvild Haugland Øvretveit og Hanna Margrethe Kvarme med tittel “Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: vurdering av interrater-reliabilitet og diagnosekriteriene ved bruk av CANDI (norsk ...

Denne hovedoppgaven er forfattet av Ingvild Haugland Øvretveit og Hanna Margrethe Kvarme med tittel “Nonsuicidal self-injury disorder: vurdering av interrater-reliabilitet og diagnosekriteriene ved bruk av CANDI (norsk ...

Purpose Stuttering affects people in individual ways, and there are multiple factors which may influence a person’s goals when seeking therapy. Even though there is a common consensus that speech-language pathologists ...

The aim of this systematic review is to answer the question: Is substantial, stable, and long‐term weight loss a viable goal for adults with obesity? To answer this question, we conducted a broad systematic search of ...

This article provides an examination of the structure of Islamophobia across cultures. Our novel measure—the Tripartite Islamophobia Scale (TIS)—embeds three theoretically and statistically grounded subcomponents of ...

Hovedformålet med denne studien er å undersøke forholdet mellom det psykososiale arbeidsmiljøet og sykefravær blant norske arbeidstakere. Det relativt høye sykefraværet i Norge har store konsekvenser for individet, bedrifter, ...

Denne hovedoppgaven er skrevet som en del av profesjonsutdannelsen i psykologi ved Universitetet i Oslo. Forfatter er Ingrid Marie Hegdal og veileder for oppgaven er psykologiprofessor Silje Endresen Reme. Tittel: Psykiske ...

Background: A fundamental characteristic of human nature is our ability to coordinate with one another in order to achieve common goals and protect shared interests, engaging what evolutionary scholars call coalitions when ...

Background The disease burden attributable to mental health problems and to excess or harmful alcohol use is considerable. Despite a strong relationship between these 2 important factors in population health, there are ...

Bakgrunn: Sosial kompetanse er en grunnleggende forutsetning for barns samhandling, fungering og tilhørighet til sosiale fellesskap (Utdanningsdirektoratet, 2016, 2018). Med sosial kompetanse menes emosjonelle, kognitive ...

Objectives: The thesis revisit the topic of hemispheric interconnectivity and structural development of the corpus callosum by addressing the issue of proportionality. As the proportionality of callosal growth and decline ...

Hvordan tar norsk-somaliske foreldre vare på de store barna sine? Til nå har mye av forskningen vært rettet mot utfordrende eller problematiske aspekter ved deres foreldreskapsutøvelse. I dette prosjektet har jeg valgt å ...

Bakgrunn. Så mange som 27-34% av norske barn har sykdom og funksjonsnedsettelser. Søsken av disse barna har selv en økt risiko for utvikling av internaliserende og eksternaliserende vansker. Etter lovendringen i ...

Objective: The focus of the current study was to examine cognitive functioning by objective and subjective measures in adolescents with chronic fatigue (CF) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The results were compared ...

Research has suggested that adolescent delinquency abstainers might have unfavorable characteristics, impeding their access to peer networks. However, recent studies have emphasized the possible heterogeneity of abstainers. ...

Bakgrunn og problemstilling: Spiseforstyrrelser representerer psykiske lidelser hvor overopptatthet av mat, kropp og vekt begrenser pasientens livskvalitet og fungering i hverdagen. Problemene begrenser seg sjelden kun til ...

Det er godt dokumenterte effekter av foreldres psykiske vansker og en negativ foreldrestil på barns utvikling. En emosjonelt ikke-støttende foreldrestil har negative effekter på barns emosjonelle kompetanse, og eksternaliserende ...

Pregnancy involves maternal brain adaptations, but little is known about how parity influences women's brain aging trajectories later in life. In this study, we replicated previous findings showing less apparent brain aging ...

Abstract The mechanisms underlying the role of oxytocin (OT) as a regulator of social behavior in mammals are only partly understood. Recently, it has been proposed that OT increases the salience of social stimuli. ...

Bakgrunn: Traumefokusert kognitiv atferdsterapi (TF-CBT) har vist seg som en effektiv behandlingsmodell for barn og unge med posttraumatisk stresslidelse (PTSD). Få studier har sett på hvilke dysfunksjonelle tanker som er ...

Bakgrunn: Sosial kompetanse er en grunnleggende forutsetning for barns samhandling, fungering og tilhørighet til sosiale fellesskap (Utdanningsdirektoratet, 2016, 2018). Med sosial kompetanse menes emosjonelle, kognitive ...

Formålet med denne undersøkelsen var å undersøke hvordan ureturnerbare migranter opplever seg selv, sin livssituasjon og psykiske helse beskrives gjennom intervjuer med personer som står tett på denne gruppen. Jeg ønsket ...

Mental health difficulties are an increasing global challenge, and represent a substantial part of the global burden of disease. In order to tackle these mental health issues, there is a need for mental health interventions ...

Numerous cross-sectional studies have found a positive association between level of event centrality and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the temporal course of this relationship is unclear. We aimed ...

A key objective in the field of translational psychiatry over the past few decades has been to identify the brain correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD). Identifying measurable indicators of brain processes associated ...

Previous studies on individual differences in pupil size of healthy individuals and their relation to performance have been inconclusive. Using a novel approach, we tested the effect of general cognitive abilities and level ...

The thickness of the cerebral cortical sheet and its surface area are highly heritable traits thought to have largely distinct polygenic architectures. Despite large-scale efforts, the majority of their genetic determinants ...

Survivors of traumatic events commonly suffer from long‐term pain and related somatic symptomatology. To test the predominant hypothesis that survivors’ pain comprises sequela of persistent posttraumatic stress symptoms ...

The brain functional connectome forms a relatively stable and idiosyncratic backbone that can be used for identification or “fingerprinting” of individuals with a high level of accuracy. While previous cross‐sectional ...

Forfatter: Johanne Håkonsdatter Sivertsen Tittel: Brukertilfredshet med Brief Parent Training – En randomisert studie Veileder: Terje Ogden Innledning: Brukertilfredshet benyttes i utstrakt grad som et mål på brukeropplevd ...

Å høre stemmer i hodet er en opplevelse som oppstår på tvers av diagnoser, og som for mange oppleves stressende. I både forskning og behandling har stemmer i økende grad blitt forstått som sosiale subjekter som personen ...

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is associated with an increased risk of violence compared to the general population. Previous studies have indicated smaller hippocampal and amygdala volumes in violent than non-violent psychotic patients. ...

The implementation of chatbots for customer service has primarily been studied as a technological installation with focus on the user and technical aspects of the implementation. Therefore, this research aims to fill in ...

Psychodynamic therapy is an effective treatment for depression. However, a large number of adolescent patients with depression do not respond and/or drop out of therapy and little is known about what therapists actually ...

Introduction: The progression rate of Alzheimer's disease (AD) varies and might be affected by the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM2) activity. We explored if cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) soluble TREM2 ...

Circulating inflammatory markers are essential to human health and disease, and they are often dysregulated or malfunctioning in cancers as well as in cardiovascular, metabolic, immunologic and neuropsychiatric disorders. ...

Background: Many people with moderate to severe mental illness have a desire to obtain ordinary employment. To aid further development of health and social services for this group, the aim of this study was to examine ...

Objective We examine the hypothesized overlap of genetic architecture for Alzheimer disease (AD), schizophrenia (SZ), and Parkinson disease (PD) through the use of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) with the occurrence of ...

Early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is regarded as crucial for swift access to early intervention and, subsequently, better outcomes later in life. However, current instruments miss large proportions of ...

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, patients reporting SCD to their general practitioner are not always referred to a memory ...

Background and purpose: Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder mainly caused by mutations in MECP2. The diagnostic criteria of RTT are clinical; mutations in MECP2 are neither diagnostic nor necessary, and a ...

Bakgrunn: Enslige mindreårige flyktninger anses for å være i stor risiko for å utvikle psykiske helseplager. Studier viser at de skårer høyere på blant annet depresjon, angst og posttraumatisk stress, sammenlignet med ...

Objective: The literature on chronic pain suggests that pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy are important psychological factors involved in chronic pain. The current study aimed to explore the role of pain catastrophizing ...

Forfattere: Kristoffer Stavnes Asp og Ole Tobias Bjellaanes Reistad. Tittel: Autisme og utviklingshemming: sammenhengen mellom psykiske tilleggslidelser og utfordrende atferd. Veiledere: Sissel Berge Helverschou (hoved-) ...

Lack of clinical insight in patients with schizophrenia is an obstacle to optimal treatment. Social cognition is one of several variables central to insight deficits in schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to investigate ...

BACKGROUND: Common mental disorders (CMD) are leading causes of sickness absence. Treatments for CMD that both reduce symptoms and support work participation urgently need to be developed. OBJECTIVE: Determine the potential ...

Exposure to cyberbullying is associated with psychological distress like depressive symptoms, self-injurious behavior and suicidal thoughts. Cyberbullying is thus a major challenge for public health. This study examines ...

Partner selection is a vital feature of human behavior with important consequences for individuals, families, and society. We use the term hypergamy to describe a phenomenon whereby there is a tendency for husbands to be ...

Cognitive impairments are considered core features in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Cognitive impairments are, to a lesser degree, also documented in healthy first-degree relatives. Although recent studies ...

Infants use a range of cues to map words to the world around them, such as shape, familiarity, frequency or context of use, and when these cues are not available, they typically fail to disambiguate between competing ...

Abstract: Previous reports of inhibitory deficits in mood disorders, and findings of associations between inhibitory control and cognitive reappraisal, suggest that emotion regulation might depend on inhibitory control. ...

What does it mean to be happy? The vast majority of cross-cultural studies on happiness have employed a Western-origin, or “WEIRD” measure of happiness that conceptualizes it as a self-centered (or “independent”), high-arousal ...

Post‐stroke fatigue (PSF) is prevalent among stroke patients, but its mechanisms are poorly understood. Many patients with PSF experience cognitive difficulties, but studies aiming to identify cognitive correlates of PSF ...

Adolescent violence is a considerable burden for society worldwide. The economic toll of adolescent violence is high, and violence-related injuries are a major cause of early death and disability among young people. ...

Objective Reduction in cerebral volume is often found in underweight patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), but few studies have investigated other morphological measures. Cortical thickness (CTh) and surface area (CSA), ...

Response inhibition refers to the suppression of prepared or initiated actions. Typically, the go/no-go task (GNGT) or the stop signal task (SST) are used interchangeably to capture individual differences in response ...

Eyewitness evidence often plays a critical role in decisions made in the criminal justice system. To evaluate eyewitness testimony accurately, judges must be aware of factors that can contaminate this type of evidence. In ...

The concept of brain maintenance refers to the preservation of brain integrity in older age, while cognitive reserve refers to the capacity to maintain cognition in the presence of neurodegeneration or aging‐related brain ...

Bakgrunn: Oppfølgingsstudier har vist at 20-30 % av pasienter med spiseforstyrrelser (SF) utvikler langvarige symptomer som svekker deres hverdagsfungering. Lidelsen har den høyeste dødelighetsraten av alle mentale lidelser ...

Bakgrunn: Studiens formål var innledningsvis å undersøke om det er forskjell i genitalt kroppsbilde delt på kjønn og seksuell orientering. Videre undersøkte vi om det er forskjeller i genitalt kroppsbilde mellom grupper ...

Background: Mental health difficulties are a growing global problem among young people, and major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders within adolescents. However, psychotherapy research ...

Bakgrunn: Studien er en kvalitativ analyse av samspillet i et filmet terapiforløp mellom en klient og en studentterapeut som jobber etter affektbevissthetsmodellen (ABT). Datamaterialet er henta fra pilotstudien til The ...