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Illuminating gas inflows/outflows in the MUSE deepest fields: Lyα nebulae around forming galaxies at z ≃ 3.3

Vanzella, E.; Balestra, I.; Gronke, Max Balthasar; Karman, W.; Caminha, G. B.; Dijkstra, Mark; Rosati, P.; De Barros, S.; Caputi, K.; Grillo, C.; Tozzi, P.; Meneghetti, M.; Mercurio, A.; Gilli, R.
Journal article; PublishedVersion; Peer reviewed
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stw2442.pdf (5.635Mb)
Year
2017
Permanent link
http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-62880

CRIStin
1446951

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  • Institutt for teoretisk astrofysikk [690]
  • CRIStin høstingsarkiv [15167]
Original version
Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2017, 465 (4), 3803-3816, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2442
Abstract
We report the identification of extended Lyα nebulae at z ≃ 3.3 in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF, ≃40 kpc × 80 kpc) and behind the Hubble Frontier Field galaxy cluster MACSJ0416 (≃40 kpc), spatially associated with groups of star-forming galaxies. VLT/MUSE integral field spectroscopy reveals a complex structure with a spatially varying double-peaked Lyα emission. Overall, the spectral profiles of the two Lyα nebulae are remarkably similar, both showing a prominent blue emission, more intense and slightly broader than the red peak. From the first nebula, located in the HUDF, no X-ray emission has been detected, disfavouring the possible presence of active galactic nuclei. Spectroscopic redshifts have been derived for 11 galaxies within 2 arcsec from the nebula and spanning the redshift range 1.037 < z < 5.97. The second nebula, behind MACSJ0416, shows three aligned star-forming galaxies plausibly associated with the emitting gas. In both systems, the associated galaxies reveal possible intense rest-frame-optical nebular emissions lines [O iii] λλ4959, 5007+Hβ with equivalent widths as high as 1500 Å rest frame and star formation rates ranging from a few to tens of solar masses per year. A possible scenario is that of a group of young, star-forming galaxies emitting ionizing radiation that induces Lyα fluorescence, therefore revealing the kinematics of the surrounding gas. Also Lyα powered by star formation and/or cooling radiation may resemble the double-peaked spectral properties and the morphology observed here. If the intense blue emission is associated with inflowing gas, then we may be witnessing an early phase of galaxy or a proto-cluster (or group) formation.

© 2016 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society
 
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