This paper uses detailed register information on students in lower secondary school in Norway to study the importance of the second moment of individual grade distribution: grade variance. Students receive discrete-value ...

Using a random judge design and panel data from Norway, we estimate that imprisonment discourages further criminal behavior, with reoffense probabilities falling by 29 percentage points and criminal charges dropping by 11 ...

Parisavtalens klimamål er å holde global oppvarming under 2°C, aller helst 1,5°C. For å nå dette målet har man hovedsakelig fokusert på klimatiltak som retter seg mot å redusere etterspørselen etter fossilt brensel. Global ...

In this thesis I investigate the inequality in opportunity for income in Norway. In contrast to studies utilizing Roemer's (1993) identifying monotonicity assumption, I propose a direct measure of effort that does not ...

Intimate partner violence affects one out of three women globally. In India, the numbers are even higher. This is not just a major health issue; the economic implications are also an important aspect of it. Actions that ...

An online survey with 115 participants, conducted between February and May 2020, delivered results on second-mover behavior and motivations in sequential games. The survey games were based on games from an experiment by ...

This paper examines leisure complementarities in the joint retirement decisions of couples by quantifying the effect of the 2011 Norwegian pension reform. The reform abolished an earnings test on early retirement benefits ...

Implementeringen av trinn 1 i Oslopakke 3 den 1. oktober 2017 innebar en generell prisøkning av bomtakstene i Osloringen, men også en innføring av miljø- og tidsdifferensierte takster for første gang. I denne oppgaven ...

I Norge er det politisk enighet om å overføre gods, fra veitransport og over på mer miljøvennlige transportmidler, blant annet jernbane. Et mulig virkemiddel for å få til en slik godsoverføring, kan være å investere i ny ...

I use the model KONSUM-G to simulate reforms in the duty-free arrangement on alcohol and tobacco in Norway. The model consists of a complete demand system for private consumption in Norway, and was originally developed to ...

Denne oppgaven diskuterer hvorvidt elbilsubsidiene er for høye hvis man tar hensyn til at det er nettverkseksternaliteter. I den norske debatten om elbilsubsidier har det blitt hevdet at subsidiene er for høye hvis formålet ...

The sick leave level in Norway is known to be high compared to other countries with similar welfare systems. One of the most important indicators for sick leave is socio-economic standing, and education is an essential ...

I denne oppgaven kvantifiseres etterspørselseffektene av tiltaket som går under navnet «Oslos nye grunnrute». Tiltaket hadde som hensikt å øke frekvensen i togtrafikken gjennom Oslo og gi et mer punktlig og oversiktlig ...

We show how the condition of stationarity may contradict intergenerational equity. By formalizing the intuition that less sensitivity remains for the continuation of the stream if sensitivity for the interests of the present ...

In this thesis, I estimate how differences in firms’ financial positions contribute to heterogeneous responses in investment following monetary policy shocks. I am using a panel consisting of both publicly-listed and ...

Our aim in this study was to analyze the importance of childbearing for risk of inflammatory bowel disease. Using data from the Norwegian Population Register and the Norwegian Patient Register, we fitted discrete-time ...

This paper addresses the evaluation of intergenerational allocations in an uncertain world. It axiomatically characterizes a class of criteria, named reference-dependent utilitarian, that assess allocations relative to a ...

In social insurance systems that grant workers paid sick leave, physicians act as gatekeepers, supposedly granting sickness certificates to the sick and not to shirkers. Previous research has emphasized the physician's ...

Denne masteroppgaven undersøker effekten av “Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act” (MGNREGA) på spedbarnsdødelighet i rurale India. MGNREGA er et offentlig sysselsettingsprogram som gir husholdninger ...

I investigate the impact of assignment to copayment on demand for consultations with general practitioners, for Norwegian individuals at age 16. In addition to study the overall change in demand, I study how the estimated ...

In this article, I explore how to identify zone pricing, highlighting its place in understanding the structure of grocery markets. Different definitions of price zones are discussed in terms of theory, assumptions, ...

Several studies have shown that women and men with two children have lower mortality than the childless, but there is less certainty about mortality, including CVD mortality, at higher parities and meagre knowledge about ...

Humans are fundamentally social. Social activities require coordination, possibly leading to multiple equilibria in the form of self-reinforcing patterns of herd behavior. When alternative equilibria differ substantially ...

I use the implementation of the BASEL III accord in Norway to study the behaviour of foreign branches when host countries domestic banks face higher capital requirements. Using a government database containing banks financial ...

We examine the investment rule that must be satisfied by an efficient and egalitarian path in a discrete-time version of the Dasgupta–Heal–Solow model of capital accumulation and resource depletion. In the discrete-time ...

Resilience has become an important topic in many social sciences. Numerous individual choices and economic and demographic outcomes are likely to be influenced by people's resilience. School performance, work absenteeism ...

We study the consequences of age-dependent preferences for economic growth and structural change in a two-sector model with overlapping generations and non-dimishing returns to capital. Savings and accumulation rates depend ...

We consider incentives for organizing competitions in multiple rounds, focusing on situations where there is heterogeneity among the contestants ex ante, which discourages effort in a single contest. Heterogeneity evolves ...

Ved hjelp av aktsomhetskart og skadeberegninger analyseres flomrisiko som følge klimaendringer for Trondheim Spektrum i et hydrologisk og samfunnsøkonomisk perspektiv. Trondheim Spektrum er en arena for sport, næringsliv ...

The Norwegian labor union density rate has been falling over the last decades, even though the country's labor unions play a crucial role in tariff agreement negotiations. To understand the drivers of dwindling union density ...

Standard economic theory teaches us that it is efficient for firms to maximize profits, motivated by the traditional Friedman argument that firms social responsibility is to maximize profits and increase the value for their ...

We consider a principal who faces many identical competitors, and who can distribute a prize fund over two consecutive contests. The winner of contest one gains an advantage in contest two where his effort is more productive ...

De siste 15 årene har andelen unge mottakere av uføretrygd doblet seg. Dette medfører store samfunnsøkonomiske kostnader, både for det offentlige og for personene det gjelder. I 2019 ble folketrygdens totale utgifter for ...

While redistribution and the need for government revenue typically make up the arguments for the taxation of net wealth, the distortion of savings and the adverse effect on entrepreneurship is by many held up as the gloomy ...

Using detailed Norwegian firm level tax data together with trade data, I exploit a natural experiment to isolate the employment effects stemming from a currency depreciation. By comparing manufacturing firms with differential ...

This thesis has revisited the role of union membership, collective agreements and establishment union density for wage levels and dispersion in the period 2004-2011. To investigate the wage effect from these three covariates, ...

Økonomisk teori tilsier at usikkerhet knyttet til fremtidig inntekt fører til at fremadskuende individer venter med å få barn. I denne oppgaven tester jeg denne hypotesen empirisk, ved å ta utgangspunkt i det norske ...

I denne oppgaven undersøker jeg effektene av innstrammingene i boliglånsforskriften 1. januar 2017. Oppgaven forsøker å belyse om innstrammingen har hatt effekt i form av lavere kreditt- og boligprisvekst, med hovedfokus ...

This thesis explores the possibility of government intervention, in the presence of poverty traps, resulting from indivisibilities in human capital formation and capital market imperfections. Generally, capital markets are ...

This thesis will focus on developing a dynamic two-sided search model to describe the marriage market in contemporary China. The situation of the marriage market in China is unique, given the sex ratio imbalance, where it ...

Denne oppgaven tar for seg allmenngjorte tariffavtaler i Norge i perioden 2004-2019. Det er gjort forsøk på å kartlegge virkeområdet til hver enkelt avtale, for å kunne gi et anslag av hvor mange arbeidere som er berørt. ...

In this paper, I analyze the question of whether European socially responsible mutual funds outperform or underperform conventional funds between 2010 and 2020. Further, I investigate whether the funds have different ...

Denne oppgaven ser på eksterne kostnader av køkjøring og ulike virkemidler for å redusere dette. Ved hjelp av en teoretisk modell av trafikkvolum og tilgjengelige estimater fra litteraturen gjør jeg en kost-nytte-analyse ...

Denne oppgaven undersøker konkurranseforhold i den norske verdikjeden for dagligvarer. Oppgaven tar sikte på å undersøke hvordan prisdiskriminering og importvern virker inn på konkurransen i verdikjeden. Formålet er å ...

Does central bank shocks impact foreign countries? This thesis investigates the transmission of a Euro-region monetary policy shock to foreign countries using a global vector autoregressive (GVAR) model. This is accomplished ...

Significant amounts of public spending are allocated towards research on climate change, but considerable uncertainties remain. We analyze the strategic role of information acquisition and the determinants of investments ...

The literature within development economics generally assumes the hypothesis of an inverse size-productivity relationship of agriculture. Using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), this thesis provides an empirical analysis ...

This thesis is aimed at studying how income uncertainty shocks can affect household consumption and saving. By using an extended life cycle model combined with proxies of uncertainty the paper attempts to describe the ...

This thesis investigates the welfare effects of using the real exchange rate as a deciding factor in the conduction of monetary policy in a small open economy. A New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general-equilibrium model ...

The interest in mitigating environmental concerns substantially increased over the past years and more governments propose the introduction of additional environmental taxation. This development raises the important question ...

Household consumption is affected by monetary policy through different channels. This thesis aims to identify the cash-flow channel of monetary policy and how household consumption is affected by a change in the policy ...

Merger policy is a permission-granting activity by government in which there may be disincentives to seek permission because of the benefit from having other firms merge. We set up a sequential merger game with endogenized ...

Do people try to avoid unpleasant information about the environmental consequences of their actions? If so, do they react with hostility towards others who provide the unwanted information? Fearing such hostility, do others ...

We construct a dynamic theory of sovereign debt and structural reforms with limited enforcement and moral hazard. A sovereign country in recession wishes to smooth consumption. It can also undertake costly reforms to speed ...

Economic recessions are costly, and are among other things associated with high unemployment rates, low wage growth, low investment spending and a higher number of bankruptcies. Whether the economy is in a recession or an ...

Under a context of a developing country, I try to disentangle the two mechanisms that drive the negative correlation between wage inequality and welfare generosity. The main mechanism, goes from pre-tax wage inequality to ...

We study the impact of child care for toddlers on the labor supply of mothers and fathers in Norway. For identification, we exploit the staggered expansion across municipalities following a large child care reform from ...

This thesis seeks to answer whether heterogeneity in Hukou strictness, i.e. differing restrictions on domestic migration, can be shown to have a significant effect on local labour market distortions in China. Through use ...

I estimate the short-term effect of customer service chatbots on affected employment in Norwegian municipalities. To do this, I use a dynamic diff-in-diff estimator, which takes into account that the municipalities implemented ...

I use panel data to estimate the long-term effects of the implementation of flexible inflation targeting on house prices. Additional to the standard difference-in-differences regression I apply a dynamic difference-in-differences ...

This thesis focuses on studying of interpersonal trust level and industry delegation intensity. It explores how interpersonal social trust level favours the value added, exports, and the firm size in the delegation intensity ...

In this thesis I study the role of incentive pay when workers have career concerns. That is, workers have concerns about how their current performance affects employers’ perception about their ability and consequently their ...

This article investigates how collective agreements influence wage levels and wage dispersion in Norway using a panel data set, rich on firm and worker information, covering the time period of 1997-2012. As many advanced ...

I denne oppgaven studerer jeg det norske arbeidsmarkedet i perioden 2004-2013 og undersøker hvorvidt endrede arbeidsvilkår (deltidsarbeid, midlertidige ansettelser, bruk av bemanningsbyrå) er et aspekt ved jobbpolarisering. ...

It is commonly acknowledged that historically high levels of house prices and household debt pose risks for macroeconomic and financial stability in Norway. This thesis is aimed at understanding what are the driving forces ...

We used a time-series cross-section dataset to test several hypotheses pertaining to the role of macroprudential policy instruments in the management of the financial cycle in advanced open economies. The short-run effects ...

Norwegian parents of preschool children base their care choices on a completely different choice set from their predecessor. Now there is essentially only one type of nonparental care – center-based care – and on the ...

This thesis investigates causal relationship between real oil prices, real interest rate and unemployment rate in Norway and different counties of Norway (Akershus, Buskerud, Hordaland, Troms, Oslo and Rogaland). By applying ...

Denne oppgaven undersøker effektene før og etter utvidelsen av Panamakanalen for variablene antall skip gjennom kanalen, størrelsen på skipene og handelsvolumet. Som følge av en økende etterspørsel globalt, har skipsstørrelsene ...

Abstract Quality and reliable energy has been proven to be necessary and important for a high-quality life and for social and economic development. The United Nations sees reliable energy as a crucial area in the millennium ...

As shown by Angeletos and Huo [2018], an incomplete information economy is observationally equivalent to an economy with a myopic and anchoring representative-agent under certain restrictions. Using the seminal model from ...