Using a random judge design and panel data from Norway, we estimate that imprisonment discourages further criminal behavior, with reoffense probabilities falling by 29 percentage points and criminal charges dropping by 11 ...

Do people try to avoid unpleasant information about the environmental consequences of their actions? If so, do they react with hostility towards others who provide the unwanted information? Fearing such hostility, do others ...

Klimaavtalene Norge har inngått, samt nasjonale målsetninger knyttet til klimagassutslipp og forbruk tyder på at norsk jordbruk må gjennom en omstilling frem mot 2030. For det første har Norge inngått en fleksibel klimaavtale ...

Economic recessions are costly, and are among other things associated with high unemployment rates, low wage growth, low investment spending and a higher number of bankruptcies. Whether the economy is in a recession or an ...

Under a context of a developing country, I try to disentangle the two mechanisms that drive the negative correlation between wage inequality and welfare generosity. The main mechanism, goes from pre-tax wage inequality to ...

This article investigates how collective agreements influence wage levels and wage dispersion in Norway using a panel data set, rich on firm and worker information, covering the time period of 1997-2012. As many advanced ...

I estimate the short-term effect of customer service chatbots on affected employment in Norwegian municipalities. To do this, I use a dynamic diff-in-diff estimator, which takes into account that the municipalities implemented ...

This thesis seeks to answer whether heterogeneity in Hukou strictness, i.e. differing restrictions on domestic migration, can be shown to have a significant effect on local labour market distortions in China. Through use ...

This thesis focuses on studying of interpersonal trust level and industry delegation intensity. It explores how interpersonal social trust level favours the value added, exports, and the firm size in the delegation intensity ...

In this thesis I study the role of incentive pay when workers have career concerns. That is, workers have concerns about how their current performance affects employers’ perception about their ability and consequently their ...

In recent decades, democratic countries have negotiated hundreds of international treaties and agreements. This paper analyzes the equilibrium design of treaties negotiated by political incumbents seeking reelections. We ...

World population in the year 2000 was 6.09 billion, according to recent estimates by the United Nations (UN 2005). This number is almost 410 million lower than the year 2000-estimate that the UN expected in 1973. The UN ...

This thesis investigates gender differences in mathematics among pupils in Norway. The research question is; are there observed differences in mathematical abilities between girls and boys in second grade? If so, can small ...

I use panel data to estimate the long-term effects of the implementation of flexible inflation targeting on house prices. Additional to the standard difference-in-differences regression I apply a dynamic difference-in-differences ...

Statnett eier og drifter det aller meste av det norske transmisjonsnettet. Kostnaden for å bygge, vedlikeholde, drifte og administrere dette nettet blir dekket av flaskehalsinntekter til Statnett og tariff – betalingen for ...

Norge har de siste årene satset sterkt på vindkraft, og det blir utbygd mer vindkraft enn noen gang. Det er likevel stor debatt og ulike meninger knyttet denne formen for fornybar kraftproduksjon. Der enkelte mener vindkraft ...

Abstract Quality and reliable energy has been proven to be necessary and important for a high-quality life and for social and economic development. The United Nations sees reliable energy as a crucial area in the millennium ...

As shown by Angeletos and Huo [2018], an incomplete information economy is observationally equivalent to an economy with a myopic and anchoring representative-agent under certain restrictions. Using the seminal model from ...

Denne masteroppgaven undersøker hvilken effekt et negativt inntektssjokk har på kjønnsbalansen og barnedødelighet i rurale India. India er land med store forskjeller mellom både sosiale klasser og kjønn. Analysen tar ...

Abstract: Around the world, journalists uncover corruption, abuse of power, and financial misdealing – often at the risk of serious consequences or under financial constraints. These are also important issues in economic ...

This thesis investigates causal relationship between real oil prices, real interest rate and unemployment rate in Norway and different counties of Norway (Akershus, Buskerud, Hordaland, Troms, Oslo and Rogaland). By applying ...

I denne oppgaven studerer jeg det norske arbeidsmarkedet i perioden 2004-2013 og undersøker hvorvidt endrede arbeidsvilkår (deltidsarbeid, midlertidige ansettelser, bruk av bemanningsbyrå) er et aspekt ved jobbpolarisering. ...

Denne oppgaven undersøker effektene før og etter utvidelsen av Panamakanalen for variablene antall skip gjennom kanalen, størrelsen på skipene og handelsvolumet. Som følge av en økende etterspørsel globalt, har skipsstørrelsene ...

Several models of the Norwegian system of wage formation are estimated in this thesis. The point of departure is a single-equation error correction model (ECM) for manufacturing wages, while the final model is a simultaneous ...

The articles in the 2019 Nordic Economic Policy Review analyse how the Nordic countries best can contribute to international climate policy. The articles cover topics such as: How can the Nordics help raise the ambitions ...

Securing open access to research will not remove the fundamental problem that commercial publishers have substantial market power. Thus, even if Plan S is successful, large commercial publishers are likely to put financial ...

We investigate the effect of Head Start on education and wage income for individuals in their 30s in the NLSY79. We contribute to the existing literature by examining effects across the outcome distributions, using an ...

It is commonly acknowledged that historically high levels of house prices and household debt pose risks for macroeconomic and financial stability in Norway. This thesis is aimed at understanding what are the driving forces ...

We study how close personal contact with minorities affects in-group and out-group trust in a field experiment in the armed forces. Soldiers are randomly assigned to rooms with or without ethnic minorities. At the end of ...

In this thesis, I analyse how currency risk affects the optimal management of the Norwegian oil fund. Using stochastic dynamic programming in continuous-time, I am able to derive closed-form solutions for optimal portfolio ...

Competition and financial distress in the banking sector has been a hot topic over the last couple of decades. Banks play a crucial role in the economy and the environment they operate in are constantly changing. 1st of ...

I denne oppgaven ser jeg på effektene av dereguleringen i offentlig sektor i 1990. Jeg ser nærmere på effektene dereguleringen av lønnsfastsettelsen har hatt på avkastning av erfaring, sannsynligheten for å jobbe i offentlig ...

This thesis analyzes whether development of technology for renewable energy is affected by knowledge flows between firms worldwide. The innovation in renewables are compared to all other inventions in order to see if the ...

In this thesis I ask the question if countries that liberalize their trade, accelerates their rate of growth, compared to those countries that do not liberalize their trade policy. To investigate this question empirically ...

This thesis presents a simple electricity market model designed to calculate the effect of increased transmission capacity between Norway and Germany, and Norway and the UK, on the electricity market in the Nordic countries. ...

Life expectancies at birth are routinely computed from period life tables. When mortality is falling, such period life expectancies will typically underestimate real life expectancies, that is, life expectancies for birth ...

Denne utredningen er en teoretisk kvalitativ analyse av 5 selskapers kompensasjonsordninger for toppledere i tidsperioden 2012-2018. Den overordnede problemstillingen som ønskes besvart er: Mottar topplederne i disse norske ...

The movement of labor resources from one country to another continues to occur in the global world of today through international migration as workers embark upon overseas journeys looking for better employment opportunities, ...

In this thesis I attempt to uncover the degree of employer learning in the Norwegian private sector. Employer learning refers to the process where employers learn about the initially unobserved characteristics of their ...

Langs kysten på Vestlandet er det høy oppdrettsaktivitet, med en årlig produksjon på rundt 300 584 tonn. Bruken av åpne merder kan føre til flere miljøeffekter, som lakselus, utslipp fra merdene og rømt oppdrettslaks. ...

Using an extension of a circular city model developed by Balasubramanian (1998), this thesis aims to show reasons for why the Norwegian grocery market has not seen the same adaption of online retail as other markets. The ...

I 1999 ble et nytt økonomisk samarbeid dannet i Europa - The Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) - den såkalte eurosonen. Teorien om optimale valutaområder (OCA-teorien) har siden 1960-tallet fungert som et sett med økonomiske, ...

Firms make decisions on exports and investments to a destination market based on expected value. At the same time, investors with a high exposure to risk place higher value on firm shares that diversify their risk. How can ...

This thesis investigates the role of hard- and soft-indicators to address the problem of nowcasting quarterly GDP. Hard indicators may include industrial production or retail sales, while financial series and surveys are ...

We exploit lottery-determined admission to dental school to estimate the payoffs to the study of dentistry in the Netherlands. Using data from up to 22 years after the lottery, we find that in most years after graduation ...

Background: When analysing effects of maternal age on child outcomes, many researchers estimate sibling models to control for unobserved factors shared between siblings. Some have included birth year in these models, as ...

Denne oppgaven benytter betinget verdsetting med betalingskort for å finne betalingsvillighet for å flytte vindkraft bygget i perioden 2020 – 2030 til havs heller enn på land. Videre undersøker oppgaven respondenters ...

I denne oppgaven undersøker jeg betydningen av midlertidig jobb som tidlig arbeidserfaring på den videre yrkeskarrieren for unge voksne. Forskningsspørsmålet kan kokes ned til i hvilken grad midlertidig jobb er et springbrett ...

In "The Theory of Wages" John Hicks presents the situation known as the Hicks Paradox. He argues that strikes were not pareto optimal since a strike will shrink the pie as the employer and the worker pleads over it (Hicks, ...

Understanding how the economy affects natural systems, and how changes in these systems feed back to the economy, is at the core of sustainable development strategies. Traditionally, the economics of climate change builds ...

We investigate whether positive framing increases cooperation in three social dilemmas with slightly different properties: a linear public goods (PG) game, a non-linear PG game, and a common pool resource (CPR) game. Results ...

The historically high housing prices in Norway are known for being among the greatest threats to financial stability, and therefore also the macroeconomic stability. Furthermore, one of the key driving factors of housing ...

This paper analyzes a game in which countries repeatedly make emission and technology investment decisions. We derive the best equilibrium, that is, the Pareto-optimal subgame-perfect equilibrium, when countries are ...

This thesis contributes to the understanding of how consumers make choices in their spending between a chosen renewable energy for home heating purposes, that is air-air heat pumps and electricity. It investigates how ...

Siden Norge ble uavhengig fra Danmark i 1814 har landet gjennomgått store endringer, både økonomisk og politisk. Kvantitative analyser av enkelthendelser, samt tidsserier for ulike økonomiske størrelser, kan bidra til å ...

Background Payment for performance (P4P) strategies, which provide financial incentives to health workers and/or facilities for reaching pre-defined performance targets, can improve healthcare utilisation ...

Currently, the price of oil is approaching its highest point since 2015. Based on the hypothesis that oil prices are cycling into a bull market, it is a natural deduction that the Norwegian Krone (NOK) will appreciate since ...

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the development of wealth and income inequality in Norway from the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 until around 1930, with a particular emphasis on the distributional effects ...

Many macroeconomic variables are first available when they have already become part of the past. At the same time, there is a large set of figures that is indeed available without the same delay. This thesis use machine ...

Recent increases in housing prices in Norway, especially in the capital, Oslo, has once again raised discussions on how long the prices in the housing market can continue to rise before a major correction might take place. ...

This paper proposes a detailed mechanism for why exporting firms may have a lower emission intensity when emissions are subject to an environmental tax. This mechanism of our model is supported by Swedish firm-level data. ...

We develop an equilibrium theory of credit rating in the presence of rollover risk. By influencing rational creditors, ratings affect sovereigns' probability of default, which in turn affects ratings. Our analysis reveals ...

The materials balance tells us that matter cannot be created or destroyed. The mass contained in inputs must either be contained in the outputs or contained in residuals. Residuals are discharged to the external environment ...

An important application in the real options literature has been to investments in the oil sector. Two commonly applied "stylized facts" in such applications are tested here. One is that the correlation of the returns on ...

Many markets resemble repeated prisoner's dilemma situations with the possibilities for mutual partner choice. In this paper, we show experimentally that partner choice by mutual consent has a strong positive effect on ...

A growing body of evidence suggests that individuals have time-inconsistent pref-erences. Even when they do not, policy makers who fear to loose elections willapply discount rates that decrease in relative time when they ...

On survey data from 1999 to 2001 and 2010 to 2012, we estimate the demand for commercial sex among British men. We estimate a zero‐inflated count model, which takes into account the probability of not participating in the ...

This thesis explores the effects of religious discrimination on bilateral trade. Religion has permeated most societies throughout time, and this is not the first research to suggest that religious factors might have an ...

When governments apply high tax rates targeted at natural resource rent, there must be generous deductions in order to avoid investment disincentives. How generous is disputed. Based on standard finance theory and ...

For the last 20 years deployment of variable renewable energy (VRE) sources such as wind and solar have increased rapidly. The high growth rates of investment have been largely credited to the Feed-in Tariff (FiT) policy ...