Cardiac muscle cells can exhibit complex patterns including irregular behaviour such as chaos or (chaotic) early afterdepolarisations (EADs), which can lead to sudden cardiac death. Suitable mathematical models and their ...

This paper presents the results of statistical analyses on the difference between measured and calculated fatigue rates for an ocean-going container vessel. Data from a hull monitoring system installed on-board this ship ...

Many of the widely used models for description of nonlinear surface gravity waves, in deep or shallow water, such as High Order Spectral Method (HOSM) and Boussinesq-type equations, rely on the elimination of the vertical ...

This study presents wave measurements in the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) obtained from ship mounted sensors. The system combines altimeter readings from the ship bow with ship motion correction data to provide estimated single ...

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With the introduction of the exchange-traded German wind power futures, opportunities for German wind power producers to hedge their volumetric risk are present. We propose two continuous-time multivariate models for wind ...

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has recently spread into a range of domains within physics and engineering, with multiple remarkable achievements. Still, much remains to be explored before the capabilities of these methods ...

Background Studies of mammalian CSF dynamics have been focused on three things: paravascular flow, pressure and pulsatility, and “bulk” flow; and three (respective) potential motive forces have been ...

Both in science and industry, the sizes of data sets are growing. It is not uncommon to encounter sets containing millions or even billions of measurements. Without appropriate tools for turning such enormous amounts of ...

A sharp version of a recent inequality of Kovalev and Yang on the ratio of the (H1)∗ and H4 norms for certain polynomials is obtained. The inequality is applied to establish a sharp and tractable sufficient condition for ...

We study the dynamic wetting of a self-propelled viscous droplet using the time-dependent lubrication equation on a conical-shaped substrate for different cone radii, cone angles and slip lengths. The droplet velocity is ...

We study the stability of a unique weak solution to certain parabolic systems with nonstandard growth condition, which are additionally dependent on a cross-diffusion term. More precisely, we show that two unique weak ...

Structural reliability analysis is concerned with estimation of the probability of a critical event taking place, described by P(g(X)≤0) for some n-dimensional random variable X and some real-valued function g. In many ...

Operating in energy and commodity markets require a management of risk using derivative products such as forward and futures, as well as options on these. Many of the popular stochastic models for spot dynamics and weather ...

Graph products of groups were introduced by Green in her thesis [32]. They have an operator algebraic counterpart introduced and explored in [14]. In this paper we prove Khintchine type inequalities for general C⁎-algebraic ...

Many important results in mathematics deal with the question of figuring out what objects are ‘the same’. One way of rigorously dealing with this is through the notion of isomorphic objects. However, it is sometimes better ...

Plants and insects use slender conical structures to transport and collect small droplets, which are propelled along the conical structures due to capillary action. These droplets can deposit a fluid film during their ...

This work introduces the deconvolution as a technique to reconstruct missing information in data. While the method was originally developed for ocean waves, it will be useful in a wider range of applications where gaps in ...

We analyse forward prices observed at the Fishpool market, and propose a two-factor continuous-time stochastic process for modelling the time dynamics. The data analysis reveals that the two factors can be assumed to be a ...

In this thesis, two-phase flow in an annular pipe geometry is studied using an open-source software known as OpenFOAM. The data collected through the simulations in this thesis are compared to experimental data collected ...

A novel Dynamic Kernel PCA (DKPCA) method is developed for process monitoring in nonlinear dynamical systems. Classical DKPCA approaches still exhibit vague linearity assumptions to determine the number of principal ...

This paper considers data-based real-time adaptive Fault Detection (FD) in Grid-connected PV (GPV) systems under Power Point Tracking (PPT) modes during large variations. Faults under PPT modes remain undetected for longer ...

Background Several central nervous system diseases are associated with disturbed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow patterns and have typically been characterized in vivo by phase-contrast magnetic resonance ...

Two-phase oil and gas flow were simulated in an entirely eccentric annulus and compared with experimental data at horizontal, 4, 10, and 90° inclination. The gas-phase was sulphur hexafluoride and the liquid phase a mixture ...

Background Infusion testing is a common procedure to determine whether shunting will be beneficial in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. The method has a well-developed theoretical foundation and ...

This thesis presents new statistical methodology, models, and estimators that are geared towards answering scientific questions in epidemiology and medicine, and in economics and finance. The questions are: (i) What is the ...

In my doctoral work, I have developed stochastic models that use different type of noises, to price financial derivatives and insurance products. Stock prices have a random component in their behavior that characterizes ...

This thesis is a collection of four papers about symmetric and Hermitian determinantal representations of quartic hypersurfaces. - Paper I classifies rational quartic symmetroids in 3-space. - Paper II classifies rational ...

Statistical models are often fitted to obtain a concise description of the association of an outcome variable with some covariates. Even if background knowledge is available to guide preselection of covariates, stepwise ...

In the statistical literature, the class of survival analysis models known as cure models has received much attention in recent years. Cure models seem not, however, to be part of the statistical toolbox of perinatal ...

Kemeny's constant κ(G) of a connected undirected graph G can be interpreted as the expected transit time between two randomly chosen vertices for the Markov chain associated with G. In certain cases, inserting a new edge ...

This paper focuses on the active flow control of a computational fluid dynamics simulation over a range of Reynolds numbers using deep reinforcement learning (DRL). More precisely, the proximal policy optimization (PPO) ...

Sediment slumps are known to have generated important tsunamis such as the 1998 Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the 1929 Grand Banks events. Tsunami modellers commonly use solid blocks with short run-out distances to simulate ...

Spot option prices, forwards and options on forwards relevant for the commodity markets are computed when the underlying process S is modelled as an exponential of a process ξ with memory as, e.g., a Volterra equation ...

We present a collection of research questions on cubic surfaces in 3-space. These questions inspired the present collection of papers. This article serves as the introduction to the issue. The number of questions is meant ...

This paper deals with a homogeneous Neumann problem of a nonlinear diffusion system involving variable exponents dependent on spatial and time variables and cross-diffusion terms. We prove the existence of weak solutions ...

Numerical simulations of granular flows with Navier–Stokes type models emerged in the last decade, challenging the well established depth-averaged models. The structure of these equations allows for extension to general ...

An old question of Mori asks whether in dimension at least three, any smooth specialization of a hypersurface of prime degree is again a hypersurface. A positive answer to this question is only known in degrees two and ...

We prove that the product of an Enriques surface and a very general curve of genus at least 1 does not satisfy the integral Hodge conjecture for 1-cycles. This provides the first examples of smooth projective complex ...

We derive bounds for the constants in Poincaré–Friedrichs inequalities with respect to mesh-dependent norms for complexes of discrete distributional differential forms. A key tool is a generalized flux reconstruction which ...

Successful trading in electricity markets relies on the market actor's ability to accurately forecast the electricity price. The fundamental electricity price models use market information, provided by various price drivers, ...

One of the risks derived from selling long-term policies that any insurance company has arises from interest rates. In this paper, we consider a general class of stochastic volatility models written in forward variance ...

We have developed an efficient methodology for Bayesian prediction of lithology and pore fluid, and layer-bounding horizons, in which we include and use spatial geologic prior knowledge such as vertical ordering of ...

In this paper, we provide new results and algorithms (including backtracking versions of Nesterov accelerated gradient and Momentum) which are more applicable to large scale optimisation as in Deep Neural Networks. We also ...

Epigenetic observations are represented by the total number of reads from a given pool of cells and the number of methylated reads, making it reasonable to model this data by a binomial distribution. There are numerous ...

We study the logical and computational properties of basic theorems of uncountable mathematics, in particular Pincherle's theorem, published in 1882. This theorem states that a locally bounded function is bounded on certain ...

We prove a strengthened form of convexity for operator monotone decreasing positive functions defined on the positive real numbers. This extends Ando and Hiai's work to allow arbitrary positive maps instead of states (or ...

We study first-order concatenation theory with bounded quantifiers. We give axiomatizations with interesting properties, and we prove some normal-form results. Finally, we prove a number of decidability and undecidability results.

The existence of large and extreme claims of a non-life insurance portfolio influences the ability of (re)insurers to estimate the reserve. The excess over-threshold method provides a way to capture and model the typical ...

The process of a circular free falling jet entering an idle pool was studied with the objective of determining a relation between the naturally occurring disturbances on the jet surface and air entrainment. To this end the ...

The seller's risk-indifference price evaluation is studied. We propose a dynamic risk-indifference pricing criterion derived from fully-dynamic risk measures on the $L_p$-spaces for $p\in [1,\infty]$. The concept of ...

Given a set A in the unit interval and the associated Lebesgue measure λ, it is a natural question whether we may (in some sense) compute the measure λ(A) in terms of the set A. Under the moniker measure theoretic uniformity, ...

In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of a neuron–glia cell system and the underlying mechanism for the occurrence of seizures. For our mathematical and numerical investigation of the cell model we will use bifurcation ...

We introduce two essentially undecidable first-order theories WT and T. The intended model for the theories is a term model. We prove that WT is mutually interpretable with Robinson’s R. Moreover, we prove that Robinson’s ...

The liberalization of energy markets worldwide during recent decades has introduced severe implications for the price formation in these markets. Especially within the European day-ahead electricity markets, increased ...

Somatic copy number alterations are a frequent sign of genome instability in cancer. A precise characterization of the genome architecture would reveal underlying instability mechanisms and provide an instrument for outcome ...

The goal of this paper is to study a stochastic game connected to a system of forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) involving delay and noisy memory. We derive sufficient and necessary maximum principles ...

Abstract The study of the topology of real algebraic varieties dates back to the work of Harnack, Klein, and Hilbert in the 19th century; in particular, the isotopy-type classification of real algebraic curves ...

Co-current two-phase simulations of gas-liquid flow with mixture velocities from 1.2 to 4.2 m/s were run in a partially eccentric annulus and compared with entirely eccentric and concentric experimental data collected at ...

In this paper, we study a so-called Condition C1 on square matrices with complex coefficients and a weaker Condition C2. For Druzkowski maps Condition C2 is equivalent to the Jacobian conjecture. We show that these conditions ...

In this paper, we consider option pricing in a framework of the fractional Heston-type model with [Formula: see text]. As it is impossible to obtain an explicit formula for the expectation [Formula: see text] in this case, ...

Biological membranes have fundamental implications in a large number of processes in the cell. As such, membranes possess important properties: they can change their shape as an elastic surface, and they are fluid, which ...

When using the Focused Information Criterion (FIC) for assessing and ranking candidate models with respect to how well they do for a given estimation task, it is customary to produce a so-called FIC plot. This plot has the ...

We show that every automorphism of the Hilbert scheme of n points on a weak Fano or general type surface is natural, i.e., induced by an automorphism of the surface, unless the surface is a product of curves and n=2. In ...

A central point of disagreement, in certain long-standing discussions about a particular whaling dataset in the Scientific Committee of the International Whaling Commission, has directly involved model selection issues for ...

We study the derived category of a complete intersection X of bilinear divisors in the orbifold Sym2P(V) . Our results are in the spirit of Kuznetsov’s theory of homological projective duality, and we describe a homological ...

Abstract Purpose To investigate the comparative effectiveness of dopamine agonists and monoamine oxidase type-B (MAO-B) inhibitors available for treatment of Parkinson’s disease. ...

Waves can drastically transform a sea ice cover by inducing break-up over vast distances in the course of a few hours. However, relatively few detailed studies have described this phenomenon in a quantitative manner, and ...

The time it takes a student to graduate with a university degree is mitigated by a variety of factors such as their background, the academic performance at university, and their integration into the social communities of ...

Seismic exploration in complex geologic settings and shallow geologic targets has led to a demand for higher spatial and temporal resolution in the final migrated image. Conventional marine seismic and wide-azimuth data ...

The recent article ‘Satellite conjunction analysis and the false confidence theorem’ (Balch et al. 2019, Satellite conjunction analysis and the false confidence theorem. Proc. R. Soc. A475, 20180565) points to certain ...

Have great wars become less violent over time, and is there something we might identify as the long peace? We investigate statistical versions of such questions, by examining the number of battle-deaths in the Correlates ...

Airflow above water waves represents a challenging problem, relevant both in air-sea interactions and for multiphase pipe flows. Understanding this interaction is important to accurately predict the exchange of heat, ...

We study the action of the group PGL(4) on the parameter space P 19 of complex cubic surfaces. Specifically, we look at how the techniques used by Aluffi and Faber in [1] can be extended to compute the degree of the orbit ...

Abstract BayesMallows is an R package for analyzing preference data in the form of rankings with the Mallows rank model, and its finite mixture extension, in a Bayesian framework. The model is grounded on the idea that the ...

Inspired by so-called TVD limiter-based second-order schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws, we develop a formally second-order accurate numerical method for multi-dimensional aggregation equations. The method allows for ...

CARMA(p, q) processes are compactly defined through a stochastic differential equation (SDE) involving q + 1 derivatives of the Lévy process driving the noise, despite this latter having in general no differentiable paths. ...

Diffusion is a fundamental mechanism for protein distribution in cell membranes. These membranes often exhibit complex shapes, which range from shallow domes to elongated tubular or pearl-like structures. Shape complexity ...

We continue our study of the Fourier–Stieltjes algebra associated to a twisted (unital, discrete) C*-dynamical system and discuss how the various notions of equivalence of such systems are reflected at the algebra level. ...

Environmental contours are used in structural reliability analysis of marine and coastal structures as an approximate means to locate the boundary of the distribution of environmental variables, and hence sets of environmental ...

Astrocytic Ca2+ signaling has been intensively studied in health and disease but has not been quantified during natural sleep. Here, we employ an activity-based algorithm to assess astrocytic Ca2+ signals in the neocortex ...

There are currently two paradigm shifts happening in society and scientific computing: (1) Artificial Intelligence (AI) is replacing humans in problem solving, and, (2) AI is replacing the standard algorithms in computational ...

Confined glasses and their anomalous interfacial rheology raise important questions in fundamental research and numerous practical applications. In this work, we study the influence of interfacial air nanobubbles on the ...

A novel numerical method has been developed that incorporates electrically conducting objects into particle-in-cell simulations of electrostatic plasma. The method allows multiple objects connected by voltage and current ...

Many regions of the world are currently struggling with congested airspace, and Europe is no exception. Motivated by our collaboration with relevant European authorities and companies in the Single European Sky ATM Research ...

Given a quasi-lattice ordered group (G, P) and a compactly aligned product system X of essential C∗-correspondences over the monoid P, we show that there is a bijection between the gauge-invariant KMSβ-states on the ...

We suggest four new measures of importance for repairable multistate systems based on the classical Birnbaum measure. Periodic component life cycles and general semi-Markov processes are considered. Similar to the Birnbaum ...

Statistical solutions are time-parameterized probability measures on spaces of integrable functions, which have been proposed recently as a framework for global solutions and uncertainty quantification for multi-dimensional ...

Deep learning, due to its unprecedented success in tasks such as image classification, has emerged as a new tool in image reconstruction with potential to change the field. In this paper we demonstrate a crucial phenomenon: ...

During the last fifteen years there has been a paradigm shift in the continuum modelling of granular materials; most notably with the development of rheological models, such as the μ(I) μ(I) -rheology (where μ μ is the ...

Using social media data for statistical analysis of general population faces commonly two basic obstacles: firstly, social media data are collected for different objects than the population units of interest; secondly, the ...

The tetrachoric correlation is a popular measure of association for binary data and estimates the correlation of an underlying normal latent vector. However, when the underlying vector is not normal, the tetrachoric ...

Unfounded child sexual abuse (CSA) allegations take investigative resources from real cases and have detrimental consequences for the people involved. The Finnish Investigative Instrument of Child Sexual Abuse (FICSA) ...