This study presents wave measurements in the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) obtained from ship mounted sensors. The system combines altimeter readings from the ship bow with ship motion correction data to provide estimated single ...

Many of the widely used models for description of nonlinear surface gravity waves, in deep or shallow water, such as High Order Spectral Method (HOSM) and Boussinesq-type equations, rely on the elimination of the vertical ...

Background Gestational age is a useful proxy for assessing developmental maturity, but correct estimation of gestational age is difficult using clinical measures. DNA methylation at birth has proven to be ...

This paper presents the results of statistical analyses on the difference between measured and calculated fatigue rates for an ocean-going container vessel. Data from a hull monitoring system installed on-board this ship ...

Cardiac muscle cells can exhibit complex patterns including irregular behaviour such as chaos or (chaotic) early afterdepolarisations (EADs), which can lead to sudden cardiac death. Suitable mathematical models and their ...

Background Studies of mammalian CSF dynamics have been focused on three things: paravascular flow, pressure and pulsatility, and “bulk” flow; and three (respective) potential motive forces have been ...

A sharp version of a recent inequality of Kovalev and Yang on the ratio of the (H1)∗ and H4 norms for certain polynomials is obtained. The inequality is applied to establish a sharp and tractable sufficient condition for ...

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has recently spread into a range of domains within physics and engineering, with multiple remarkable achievements. Still, much remains to be explored before the capabilities of these methods ...

With the introduction of the exchange-traded German wind power futures, opportunities for German wind power producers to hedge their volumetric risk are present. We propose two continuous-time multivariate models for wind ...

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Structural reliability analysis is concerned with estimation of the probability of a critical event taking place, described by P(g(X)≤0) for some n-dimensional random variable X and some real-valued function g. In many ...

Both in science and industry, the sizes of data sets are growing. It is not uncommon to encounter sets containing millions or even billions of measurements. Without appropriate tools for turning such enormous amounts of ...

System logs or log files containing textual messages with associated time stamps are generated by many technologies and systems. The clustering technique proposed in this paper provides a tool to discover and identify ...

We study the dynamic wetting of a self-propelled viscous droplet using the time-dependent lubrication equation on a conical-shaped substrate for different cone radii, cone angles and slip lengths. The droplet velocity is ...

We study the stability of a unique weak solution to certain parabolic systems with nonstandard growth condition, which are additionally dependent on a cross-diffusion term. More precisely, we show that two unique weak ...

The development of research and exploration in Arctic waters is very common nowadays. One of the environmental difficulties to carry out research in these regions is the icing of surfaces. After short periods of time, ice ...

Submarine mass movements are important sources for tsunamis with potential destructive consequences at coastlines. A famous example from historical records is, for instance, the 1929 Grand Banks tsunami in Canada. This ...

This paper considers data-based real-time adaptive Fault Detection (FD) in Grid-connected PV (GPV) systems under Power Point Tracking (PPT) modes during large variations. Faults under PPT modes remain undetected for longer ...

A novel Dynamic Kernel PCA (DKPCA) method is developed for process monitoring in nonlinear dynamical systems. Classical DKPCA approaches still exhibit vague linearity assumptions to determine the number of principal ...

We introduce a rough perturbation of the Navier–Stokes system and justify its physical relevance from balance of momentum and conservation of circulation in the inviscid limit. We present a framework for a well-posedness ...

Plants and insects use slender conical structures to transport and collect small droplets, which are propelled along the conical structures due to capillary action. These droplets can deposit a fluid film during their ...

The present study was originally motivated by some intriguing exact solutions for waves propagating in nonuniform media. In particular, for special depth profiles reflected waves did not appear and ray theory became exact. ...

This work introduces the deconvolution as a technique to reconstruct missing information in data. While the method was originally developed for ocean waves, it will be useful in a wider range of applications where gaps in ...

In this thesis, two-phase flow in an annular pipe geometry is studied using an open-source software known as OpenFOAM. The data collected through the simulations in this thesis are compared to experimental data collected ...

We introduce a mean counting function for Dirichlet series, which plays the same role in the function theory of Hardy spaces of Dirichlet series as the Nevanlinna counting function does in the classical theory. The existence ...

Two-phase oil and gas flow were simulated in an entirely eccentric annulus and compared with experimental data at horizontal, 4, 10, and 90° inclination. The gas-phase was sulphur hexafluoride and the liquid phase a mixture ...

Experimental and numerical evidence have shown that nonuniform bathymetry may alter significantly the statistical properties of surface elevation in irregular wave fields. The probability of “rogue” waves is increased near ...

Many important results in mathematics deal with the question of figuring out what objects are ‘the same’. One way of rigorously dealing with this is through the notion of isomorphic objects. However, it is sometimes better ...

Coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) defined on domains with different dimensionality are usually called mixed-dimensional PDEs. We address mixed-dimensional PDEs on three-dimensional (3D) and one-dimensional (1D) ...

Operating in energy and commodity markets require a management of risk using derivative products such as forward and futures, as well as options on these. Many of the popular stochastic models for spot dynamics and weather ...

Graph products of groups were introduced by Green in her thesis [32]. They have an operator algebraic counterpart introduced and explored in [14]. In this paper we prove Khintchine type inequalities for general C⁎-algebraic ...

Abstract We study C*-algebras generated by left regular representations of right LCM one-relator monoids and Artin–Tits monoids of finite type. We obtain structural results concerning nuclearity, ideal structure and pure ...

Rational quartic spectrahedra in 3-space are semialgebraic convex subsets in R3 of semidefinite, real symmetric (4×4)-matrices, whose boundary admits a rational parameterization. The Zariski closure in CP3 of the boundary ...

Abstract In this manuscript we focus on the question: what is the correct notion of Stokes–Biot stability? Stokes–Biot stable discretizations have been introduced, independently by several authors, as a means of discretizing ...

We analyse forward prices observed at the Fishpool market, and propose a two-factor continuous-time stochastic process for modelling the time dynamics. The data analysis reveals that the two factors can be assumed to be a ...

Background Several central nervous system diseases are associated with disturbed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow patterns and have typically been characterized in vivo by phase-contrast magnetic resonance ...

Background Infusion testing is a common procedure to determine whether shunting will be beneficial in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. The method has a well-developed theoretical foundation and ...

In my doctoral work, I have developed stochastic models that use different type of noises, to price financial derivatives and insurance products. Stock prices have a random component in their behavior that characterizes ...

This thesis presents new statistical methodology, models, and estimators that are geared towards answering scientific questions in epidemiology and medicine, and in economics and finance. The questions are: (i) What is the ...

This thesis is a collection of four papers about symmetric and Hermitian determinantal representations of quartic hypersurfaces. - Paper I classifies rational quartic symmetroids in 3-space. - Paper II classifies rational ...

Statistical models are often fitted to obtain a concise description of the association of an outcome variable with some covariates. Even if background knowledge is available to guide preselection of covariates, stepwise ...

Dementia is a growing concern for the health-care in the world and most treatment strategies are not successful. Dementia is associated with accumulation of metabolic waste in the form of protein fragments. Recent breakthroughs ...

Background The standard lasso penalty and its extensions are commonly used to develop a regularized regression model while selecting candidate predictor variables on a time-to-event outcome in high-dimensional ...

In this paper we aim at modeling stochastic transition rates of state processes in life insurance by using generalized Cox processes. A feature of a our non-Gaussian model is that it can be used to capture ‘regime switching’ ...

Using recent results of Bayer–Macrì, we compute in many cases the pseudoeffective and nef cones of the projectivised cotangent bundle of a smooth projective K3 surface. We then use these results to construct explicit ...

Logic regression was developed more than a decade ago as a tool to construct predictors from Boolean combinations of binary covariates. It has been mainly used to model epistatic effects in genetic association studies, ...

We present a collection of research questions on cubic surfaces in 3-space. These questions inspired the present collection of papers. This article serves as the introduction to the issue. The number of questions is meant ...

In the statistical literature, the class of survival analysis models known as cure models has received much attention in recent years. Cure models seem not, however, to be part of the statistical toolbox of perinatal ...

Kemeny's constant κ(G) of a connected undirected graph G can be interpreted as the expected transit time between two randomly chosen vertices for the Markov chain associated with G. In certain cases, inserting a new edge ...

This paper deals with a homogeneous Neumann problem of a nonlinear diffusion system involving variable exponents dependent on spatial and time variables and cross-diffusion terms. We prove the existence of weak solutions ...

An old question of Mori asks whether in dimension at least three, any smooth specialization of a hypersurface of prime degree is again a hypersurface. A positive answer to this question is only known in degrees two and ...

We prove that the product of an Enriques surface and a very general curve of genus at least 1 does not satisfy the integral Hodge conjecture for 1-cycles. This provides the first examples of smooth projective complex ...

Sediment slumps are known to have generated important tsunamis such as the 1998 Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the 1929 Grand Banks events. Tsunami modellers commonly use solid blocks with short run-out distances to simulate ...

We derive bounds for the constants in Poincaré–Friedrichs inequalities with respect to mesh-dependent norms for complexes of discrete distributional differential forms. A key tool is a generalized flux reconstruction which ...

Numerical simulations of granular flows with Navier–Stokes type models emerged in the last decade, challenging the well established depth-averaged models. The structure of these equations allows for extension to general ...

One of the risks derived from selling long-term policies that any insurance company has arises from interest rates. In this paper, we consider a general class of stochastic volatility models written in forward variance ...

We study the logical and computational properties of basic theorems of uncountable mathematics, in particular Pincherle's theorem, published in 1882. This theorem states that a locally bounded function is bounded on certain ...

Successful trading in electricity markets relies on the market actor's ability to accurately forecast the electricity price. The fundamental electricity price models use market information, provided by various price drivers, ...

We have developed an efficient methodology for Bayesian prediction of lithology and pore fluid, and layer-bounding horizons, in which we include and use spatial geologic prior knowledge such as vertical ordering of ...

In this paper, we provide new results and algorithms (including backtracking versions of Nesterov accelerated gradient and Momentum) which are more applicable to large scale optimisation as in Deep Neural Networks. We also ...

We show that every automorphism of the Hilbert scheme of n points on a weak Fano or general type surface is natural, i.e., induced by an automorphism of the surface, unless the surface is a product of curves and n=2. In ...

A central point of disagreement, in certain long-standing discussions about a particular whaling dataset in the Scientific Committee of the International Whaling Commission, has directly involved model selection issues for ...

The recent article ‘Satellite conjunction analysis and the false confidence theorem’ (Balch et al. 2019, Satellite conjunction analysis and the false confidence theorem. Proc. R. Soc. A475, 20180565) points to certain ...

Have great wars become less violent over time, and is there something we might identify as the long peace? We investigate statistical versions of such questions, by examining the number of battle-deaths in the Correlates ...

Airflow above water waves represents a challenging problem, relevant both in air-sea interactions and for multiphase pipe flows. Understanding this interaction is important to accurately predict the exchange of heat, ...

We study the action of the group PGL(4) on the parameter space P 19 of complex cubic surfaces. Specifically, we look at how the techniques used by Aluffi and Faber in [1] can be extended to compute the degree of the orbit ...

We prove a strengthened form of convexity for operator monotone decreasing positive functions defined on the positive real numbers. This extends Ando and Hiai's work to allow arbitrary positive maps instead of states (or ...

Somatic copy number alterations are a frequent sign of genome instability in cancer. A precise characterization of the genome architecture would reveal underlying instability mechanisms and provide an instrument for outcome ...

Abstract Purpose To investigate the comparative effectiveness of dopamine agonists and monoamine oxidase type-B (MAO-B) inhibitors available for treatment of Parkinson’s disease. ...

Waves can drastically transform a sea ice cover by inducing break-up over vast distances in the course of a few hours. However, relatively few detailed studies have described this phenomenon in a quantitative manner, and ...

The time it takes a student to graduate with a university degree is mitigated by a variety of factors such as their background, the academic performance at university, and their integration into the social communities of ...

When using the Focused Information Criterion (FIC) for assessing and ranking candidate models with respect to how well they do for a given estimation task, it is customary to produce a so-called FIC plot. This plot has the ...

The liberalization of energy markets worldwide during recent decades has introduced severe implications for the price formation in these markets. Especially within the European day-ahead electricity markets, increased ...

Abstract The study of the topology of real algebraic varieties dates back to the work of Harnack, Klein, and Hilbert in the 19th century; in particular, the isotopy-type classification of real algebraic curves ...

Biological membranes have fundamental implications in a large number of processes in the cell. As such, membranes possess important properties: they can change their shape as an elastic surface, and they are fluid, which ...

The goal of this paper is to study a stochastic game connected to a system of forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) involving delay and noisy memory. We derive sufficient and necessary maximum principles ...

We study the derived category of a complete intersection X of bilinear divisors in the orbifold Sym2P(V) . Our results are in the spirit of Kuznetsov’s theory of homological projective duality, and we describe a homological ...

In this paper, we consider option pricing in a framework of the fractional Heston-type model with [Formula: see text]. As it is impossible to obtain an explicit formula for the expectation [Formula: see text] in this case, ...

This paper focuses on the active flow control of a computational fluid dynamics simulation over a range of Reynolds numbers using deep reinforcement learning (DRL). More precisely, the proximal policy optimization (PPO) ...

Given a set A in the unit interval and the associated Lebesgue measure λ, it is a natural question whether we may (in some sense) compute the measure λ(A) in terms of the set A. Under the moniker measure theoretic uniformity, ...

We study first-order concatenation theory with bounded quantifiers. We give axiomatizations with interesting properties, and we prove some normal-form results. Finally, we prove a number of decidability and undecidability results.

Epigenetic observations are represented by the total number of reads from a given pool of cells and the number of methylated reads, making it reasonable to model this data by a binomial distribution. There are numerous ...

The seller's risk-indifference price evaluation is studied. We propose a dynamic risk-indifference pricing criterion derived from fully-dynamic risk measures on the $L_p$-spaces for $p\in [1,\infty]$. The concept of ...

Co-current two-phase simulations of gas-liquid flow with mixture velocities from 1.2 to 4.2 m/s were run in a partially eccentric annulus and compared with entirely eccentric and concentric experimental data collected at ...

In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of a neuron–glia cell system and the underlying mechanism for the occurrence of seizures. For our mathematical and numerical investigation of the cell model we will use bifurcation ...

The process of a circular free falling jet entering an idle pool was studied with the objective of determining a relation between the naturally occurring disturbances on the jet surface and air entrainment. To this end the ...

The existence of large and extreme claims of a non-life insurance portfolio influences the ability of (re)insurers to estimate the reserve. The excess over-threshold method provides a way to capture and model the typical ...

We introduce two essentially undecidable first-order theories WT and T. The intended model for the theories is a term model. We prove that WT is mutually interpretable with Robinson’s R. Moreover, we prove that Robinson’s ...

Abstract BayesMallows is an R package for analyzing preference data in the form of rankings with the Mallows rank model, and its finite mixture extension, in a Bayesian framework. The model is grounded on the idea that the ...

Diffusion is a fundamental mechanism for protein distribution in cell membranes. These membranes often exhibit complex shapes, which range from shallow domes to elongated tubular or pearl-like structures. Shape complexity ...

Many regions of the world are currently struggling with congested airspace, and Europe is no exception. Motivated by our collaboration with relevant European authorities and companies in the Single European Sky ATM Research ...

Inspired by so-called TVD limiter-based second-order schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws, we develop a formally second-order accurate numerical method for multi-dimensional aggregation equations. The method allows for ...

CARMA(p, q) processes are compactly defined through a stochastic differential equation (SDE) involving q + 1 derivatives of the Lévy process driving the noise, despite this latter having in general no differentiable paths. ...

A novel numerical method has been developed that incorporates electrically conducting objects into particle-in-cell simulations of electrostatic plasma. The method allows multiple objects connected by voltage and current ...