Aktive vilkår for mottak av velferdsytelser er en felleseuropeisk trend. Dette innebærer at retten til velferdsytelser betinges av at mottaker deltar i en form for aktivitet, for eksempel arbeid for trygd (workfare), aktiv ...

The refugee crisis of 2015 can be characterised as an exogenous shock, an immigration shock, which according to institutional theory may create a window of opportunity for path-breaking policy change. In all three Scandinavian ...

The reform of the Norwegian pension system in the early 2000s sparked off a need to reform occupational pensions. In the private sector, this was done in negotiations in 2008. In the public sector, a similar attempt in ...