Water photoelectrolysis has the potential to produce renewable hydrogen fuel, therefore addressing the intermittent nature of sunlight. Herein, a monolithic, photovoltaic (PV)-assisted water electrolysis device of minimal ...

Cardiac muscle cells can exhibit complex patterns including irregular behaviour such as chaos or (chaotic) early afterdepolarisations (EADs), which can lead to sudden cardiac death. Suitable mathematical models and their ...

We study the stability of a unique weak solution to certain parabolic systems with nonstandard growth condition, which are additionally dependent on a cross-diffusion term. More precisely, we show that two unique weak ...

For the successful implementation of catalysts in industrial processes, three overall goals are optimized: activity, selectivity, and stability. This review will address the role of chemical descriptors in aiding and guiding ...

We report a novel doping strategy for YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) superconducting films by using a positive mismatch, Ba2YNbO6 (BYNO), and a negative mismatch, LaAlO3 (LAO), simultaneously. Double doping can significantly reduce ...

Abstract Clinical and epidemiological evidence suggest that loneliness is associated with severe mental disorders (SMDs) and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the mechanisms underlying the ...

Understanding the evolution of level densities in the crossover from spherical to well-deformed nuclei has been a long-standing problem in nuclear physics. We measure nuclear level densities for a chain of neodymium isotopes ...

Abstract: Hydrogen produced from water using photocatalysts driven by sunlight is a sustainable way to overcome the intermittency issues of solar power and provide a green alternative to fossil fuels. TiO2 has been used ...

The Oslo method comprises a set of analysis techniques designed to extract nuclear level density and average -decay strength function from a set of excitation-energy tagged -ray spectra. Here we present a new software ...

Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is a rising star among transition-metal dichalcogenides in photovoltaics, diodes, electronic circuits, transistors and as a photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution. A wide range of MoS2 polymorphs ...

Grid cells are part of a widespread network which supports navigation and spatial memory. Stable grid patterns appear late in development, in concert with extracellular matrix aggregates termed perineuronal nets (PNNs) ...

Abstract Purpose To determine impact of risk-reducing hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) on gynecological cancer incidence and death in heterozygotes of pathogenic MMR ( path_MMR ...

Progress in the field of Na‐based batteries strongly relies on the development of new advanced materials. However, one of the main challenges of implementing new electrode materials is the understanding of their mechanisms ...

This work systematically explores 19 unique configurations of the close-associate Ga–O divacancies (VGaVO) in β−Ga2O3, including their complexes with H impurities, using hybrid functional calculations. Interestingly, most ...

Positron annihilation spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared absorption spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry have been used to study the behavior of gallium vacancy-related defects and hydrogen in deuterium ...

The improvement of indoor environments is of great importance as it can significantly improve human health, comfort and productivity. Herein, different forms of TiO2 nanorods were used as the photocatalyst for generation ...

The volumetric hydrogen density of 160 kg H/m 3 in TiVCrNbH 8 is among the highest for interstitial hy- drides, but the reported reversible capacity is only about 2/3 of the full theoretical capacity at room temperature. ...

The surface morphology of faults controls the spatial anisotropy of their frictional properties and hence their mechanical stability. Such anisotropy is only rarely studied in seismology models of fault slip, although it ...

Background Long-term stored serum is considered challenging for epigenomic analyses: as there are no cells, circulating DNA is scarce, and amplification removes epigenetic signals. Additionally, pre-analytical ...

2D materials exhibiting alternating ferro- and non-ferromagnetic layers are highly sought due to their potential for applications. In this work, we demonstrate, through the use of robust methodology, the existence of ...

Centrality, which quantifies the “importance” of individual nodes, is among the most essential concepts in modern network theory. Most prominent centrality measures can be expressed as an aggregation of influence flows ...

Mimicking natural photosynthesis by direct photoelectrochemical (PEC) reduction of CO2 to chemicals and fuels requires complex cell assemblies with limitations in selectivity, efficiency, cost, and stability. Here, we ...

Proton conducting oxide electrolytes find potential application in proton ceramic fuel cells and electrolyzers operating at intermediate temperatures, e.g. 400–600 °C. However, state-of-the-art proton conducting ceramics ...

The effect of the native silicon oxide layer on the passivation properties of Al2O3 on p-type Si surfaces has been investigated. This was done by comparing effective carrier lifetime, surface saturation current density, ...

Surtshellir, a 1600-m-long lava cave in the interior of Iceland, contains a unique Viking Age archaeological site located nearly 300 m from its entrance and more than 10 m below the surface of the Hallmundarhraun lava ...

Li-ion capacitors (LICs) are designed to achieve high power and energy densities using a carbon-based material as a positive electrode coupled with a negative electrode often adopted from Li-ion batteries. However, such ...

We have used a combination of optical absorption and electrical conductivity measurements to study the effect of the main donor on small polarons in rutile TiO2 single crystals rendered n-type conductive by hydrogenation ...

Recent suggestions that hydrogen incorporation at the Ga(1) vacancy in β-Ga2O3 may have an impact on its electronic properties have led us to extend our earlier work on these defects. While our previous work provides strong ...

This paper deals with a homogeneous Neumann problem of a nonlinear diffusion system involving variable exponents dependent on spatial and time variables and cross-diffusion terms. We prove the existence of weak solutions ...

Centrality, which quantifies the importance of individual nodes, is among the most essential concepts in modern network theory. As there are many ways in which a node can be important, many different centrality measures ...

The silicon vacancy (VSi) in 4H-SiC is a room temperature single-photon emitter with a controllable high-spin ground state and is a promising candidate for future quantum technologies. However, controlled defect formation ...

This is the first direct observation that surface proton hopping occurs on SrZrO3 perovskite even under a H2 (i.e. dry) atmosphere. Understanding proton conduction mechanisms on ceramic surfaces under a H2 atmosphere is ...

On our route towards a more sustainable future, the use of stranded and underutilized natural gas to produce chemicals would be a great aid in mitigating climate change, due to the reduced CO2 emissions in comparison to ...

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) is the primary ore mineral for copper, but leaching of this mineral under atmospheric conditions is slow due to the formation of surface passivating phases such as elemental sulphur and jarosite. Here, ...

Background: In precision cancer medicine, the challenge is to prioritize DNA driver events, account for resistance markers, and procure sufficient information for treatment that maintains patient safety. The MetAction ...

Assessment of the geomechanical properties of organic-rich shale caprocks is critical for a successful CO2 storage into a saline aquifer. In this study, we investigated the geochemical properties of the organic-rich shale ...

Abstract The Posada–Asinara Line is a crustal-scale transpressive shear zone affecting the Variscan basement in northern Sardinia during Late Carboniferous time. We investigated a structural transect of the Posada–Asinara ...

During continental collision, large tracts of crust are mobilized along major shear zones. The metamorphic conditions at which these zones operate, the duration of thrusting, and the deformation processes that facilitated ...

Faults in carbonate rocks show both seismic and aseismic deformation processes, leading to a wide range of slip velocities. We deformed two centimeter‐scale cores of Carrara marble at 25°C and imaged the nucleation and ...

Lanthanum doped strontium titanate is a potential n-type thermoelectric material at moderate and high temperatures. (La0.12Sr0.88)0.95TiO3 ceramics were prepared by two different routes, conventional sintering at 1500 °C ...

Amorphous thin films of FePO4 and Fe4(P2O7)3 show excellent power capabilities and good stability as cathode materials in Li-ion batteries. Within our tested range of materials, 10 nm FePO4 shows the best results and can ...

Somatic copy number alterations are a frequent sign of genome instability in cancer. A precise characterization of the genome architecture would reveal underlying instability mechanisms and provide an instrument for outcome ...

Abstract The Mourne Mountains magmatic center in Northern Ireland consists of five successively intruded granites emplaced in the upper crust. The Mourne granite pluton has classically been viewed as a type ...

Fluid-rock interactions exert key control over rock rheology and strain localization. Redox may significantly affect the reaction pathways and, thereby, the mechanical properties of the rock. This effect may become critical ...

Abstract. The microstructural record of fault rocks active at the brittle–ductile transition zone (BDTZ) may retain information on the rheological parameters driving the switch in deformation mode and on the role of stress ...

Process conditions during catalytic reactions induce significant changes in surface chemistry and structure of bi- (mono) metallic nanoparticles leading to their deactivation, and this can ultimately affect the reactions ...

Background A high intake of linoleic acid (LA), the major dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), has previously been associated with reduced cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in observational studies. ...

The application of double perovskite cobaltites BaLnCo2O6−δ (Ln = lanthanide element) in electrochemical devices for energy conversion requires control of their properties at operating conditions. This work presents a study ...

Many boreal lakes are experiencing an increase in concentrations of terrestrially derived dissolved organic matter (DOM)—a process commonly labeled “browning.” Browning affects microbial and photochemical mineralization ...

Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements are conducted on β-Ga2O3 thin-films implanted with helium and hydrogen (H) to study the formation of the defect level E2 lowast (EA = 0.71 eV) during heat treatments under an ...

In this work we benefited from recent advances in tools for crystal‐structure analysis that enabled us to describe an exotic nanoscale phenomenon in structural chemistry. The Mn0.60Ni0.40As sample of the Mn1−xNixAs solid ...

Yttrium oxyhydride (YHO) is a rare‐earth‐metal oxyhydride that has attracted considerable attention due to its outstanding photochromic properties. The transparency of YHO thin films across the infrared and visible spectral ...

Self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers into micelles is an archetypical example of a “self-confined” system due to the formation of micellar cores with dimensions of a few nanometers. In this work, we investigate the chain ...

Plague continued to afflict Europe for more than five centuries after the Black Death. Yet, by the 17th century, the dynamics of plague had changed, leading to its slow decline in Western Europe over the subsequent 200 y, ...

The effect of lattice anisotropy on the diffusion of hydrogen (H)/deuterium (2H) in β-Ga2O3 was investigated using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and hybrid-functional calculations. Concentration-depth profiles of ...

Herein, we report the discovery of a toroidal inorganic cluster of zirconium(IV) oxysulfate of unprecedented size with the formula Zr70(SO4)58(O/OH)146⋅x(H2O) (Zr70), which displays different packing of ring units and thus ...

Three-center, four-electron bonds provide unusually strong interactions; however, their nature remains ununderstood. Investigations of the strength, symmetry and the covalent versus electrostatic character of three-center ...

Recent increases in industrial activity have resulted in elevated chromium (Cr) pollution in the natural environment, from the degradation of concrete and the leakage of water from landfills or mine waste. The release of ...

Depending on the solvothermal reaction conditions, we obtained three different metal‐organic frameworks with yttrium(III) as metal component and 2,5‐dihdyroxyterepthalic acid (H4dhtp) as bifunctional organic linker: ...

Abstract Advances in next-generation sequencing technology have enabled whole genome sequencing (WGS) to be widely used for identification of causal variants in a spectrum of genetic-related disorders, and provided new ...

Magnetic properties of High-Entropy Alloys based on the Fe-Co-Ni-Al-Mn system are reported. High-Entropy Alloys are cutting-edge technological materials containing five or more elements in relatively high concentrations ...

Point defects in solids are promising single-photon sources with application in quantum sensing, computing and communication. Herein, we describe a theoretical framework for studying electric field effects on defect-related ...

Alpine glaciers are shrinking and rapidly loosing mass in a warming climate. Glacier modeling is required to assess the future consequences of these retreats on water resources, the hydropower industry and risk management. ...

In catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation, the interface between metal nanoparticles (NPs) and the support material is of high importance for the activity and reaction selectivity. In Pt NP-containing UiO Zr-metal–organic frameworks ...

A challenge in converting CO2 into hydrocarbons (HC) via methanol (MeOH) is the gap between the optimal temperature for each step (i.e. ≤250 °C for MeOH and ≥350 °C for HC). The focus of this study is to elucidate the cause ...

Strain localisation structures, such as shear fractures and compaction bands, are of importance due to their influence on permeability and therefore outgassing, a factor thought to influence eruptive style. In this study, ...

Scaling behaviour of dynamically driven vortex avalanches in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−δ films deposited on tilted crystalline substrates has been observed using quantitative magneto-optical imaging. Two films with different ...

Nanoporous amorphous silicon (a-Si) with <5 nm cylindrical pores have been fabricated by phase separation of aluminum (Al) and silicon, forming self-assembled Al nanowires (NWs), followed by subsequent removal of Al by wet ...

The development of defect populations after proton irradiation of n-type 4H-SiC and subsequent annealing experiments is studied by means of deep level transient (DLTS) and photoluminescence spectroscopy. A comprehensive ...

Residual pressure can be preserved in mineral inclusions, e.g. quartz-in-garnet, after exhumation due to differential expansion between inclusion and host crystals. Raman spectroscopy has been applied to infer the residual ...

Deep intracontinental earthquakes are poorly understood, despite their potential to cause significant destruction. Although lower crustal strength is currently a topic of debate, dry lower continental crust may be strong ...

The contact potential and the resulting charge accumulation or depletion at the electrode/electrolyte interface are investigated for Ni and Cu group metals in contact with the state-of-the-art proton conductor acceptor-doped ...

Abstract Motivation Determining the relative contributions of functional genetic categories is fundamental to understanding the genetic etiology of complex human traits and diseases. Here, ...

Direct evidence of N2 formation after annealing of (ZnO)1−x(GaN)x alloys was revealed. N2 was trapped by VZn+Ga-clusters, forming faceted voids along grain boundaries. This study shows that N–N bonding is a competitive ...

Single-photon emitting point defects in semiconductors have emerged as strong candidates for future quantum technology devices. In the present work, we exploit crystalline particles to investigate relevant defect localizations, ...

Abstract III-nitride compound semiconductors are breakthrough materials regarding device applications. However, their heterostructures suffer from very high threading dislocation (TD) densities that impair several aspects ...

Abstract Luminescent materials enable warm white LEDs, molecular tagging, enhanced optoelectronics and can improve energy harvesting. With the recent development of multi-step processes like down- and upconversion ...

Abstract Hippocampal sharp wave ripples (SPW-R) have been identified as key bio-markers of important brain functions such as memory consolidation and decision making. Understanding their underlying mechanisms in healthy ...

Forecasting the timing of catastrophic failure, such as crustal earthquakes, has been a central concern for centuries. Such forecasting requires identifying signals that evolve or accelerate in the precursory phase leading ...

X-ray emission under electron-channelling conditions is used to distinguish between a non-centrosymmetric half-Heusler and a centrosymmetric full-Heusler crystal. For TiCo 1.5+ xSn the space-group determination based on a ...

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is evolving beyond binary compounds to complex oxides and doped structures, taking advantage of the nanometer precision ALD provides. In practice, the development of complex ALD-processes ...

Alkali metal containing materials have become increasingly attractive in a world hunting for sustainable energy materials and green functional devices. Lithium- and sodium battery technology, lead-free piezo- and ferroelectric ...

Understanding the factors that control the growth of heterotrophic organisms is central to predicting food web interactions and biogeochemical cycling within ecosystems. We present a new framework, Geometric Stoichiometry ...

At the time of energy transition, it is important to be able to predict the effects of fluid overpressures in different geological scenarios as these can lead to the development of hydrofractures and dilating high-porosity ...

While of paramount importance in material science, the dynamics of cracks still lacks a complete physical explanation. The transition from their slow creep behavior to a fast propagation regime is a notable key, as it leads ...

We have measured water uptake and hydration enthalpy in 50% La and Nd doped CeO2, also to be taken as compositions in the series La2−xNdxCe2O7 (x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0) using combined thermogravimetry (TG) and differential ...

The stability of organomineral aggregates in soils has a key influence on nutrient cycling, erosion, and soil productivity. Both clay minerals with distinct basal and edge surfaces and organic molecules with reactive ...

In the continental crust, faults may accommodate deformation through aseismic creep, slow slip events, or seismic slips that produce dynamic damage, or a combination of these endmembers. A variety of parameters controls ...

Predicting the proximity of large-scale dynamic failure is a critical concern in the engineering and geophysical sciences. Here we use evolving contractive, dilatational, and shear strain deformation preceding failure in ...

Policy anomalies are frequent in nowadays’s computer networks due to their increasing configuration complexity. Resolving policy anomalies usually requires network administrator intervention, which is a time-intensive and ...

We experimentally and numerically study the influence of gravity and finite-size effects on the pressure-saturation relationship in a given porous medium during slow drainage. The effect of gravity is systematically varied ...

Ab initio structure determination of new metal-organic framework (MOF) compounds is generally done by single crystal X-ray diffraction, but this technique can yield incorrect crystal structures if crystal twinning is ...

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a thin film synthesis technique that can provide exquisite accuracy and precision in film thickness and composition even on complex, large area substrates. Based on self-limiting surface ...

Thin films of the catalytically interesting ternary and quaternary perovskites GdCoO3 and Gd0.9Ca0.1CoO3 are fabricated by atomic layer deposition using metal β-diketonates and ozone as precursors. The resulting thin films ...

The acquisition of tolerance to an environmental stressor can result in organisms displaying slower growth after stress release. While well-grounded in the theory, empirical evidence of the trade-off between stress tolerance ...