Synthesis and characterization of novel cathode materials for Li batteries and their applications in Li batteries

Abstract

Improvements in performance of lithium ion batteries (LIB) depend on further developments of the electroactive materials, specially the cathode. Many different classes of materials have been investigated as possible cathode materials to replace the presently used LiCoO2. However, despite the immense efforts devoted to develop new LIB cathode materials, they still suffer from limitations connected with production costs, cyclability, capacity, electronic conductivity and potential hazards for user and environment. There is therefore still an unprecedented demand for new types of materials for lithium ion batteries delivering at all mentioned points, as well as deeper insight into the limiting factors of the present state-of-the-art materials.

The current work has opened for deeper insight into assumed well known materials, such as LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4, using a combination of x-ray and neutron scattering studies. We have thereby questioned the previously accepted assumptions with respect to importance of order and disorder in cationic distributions. Moreover, we have enabled electrochemical studies of previously difficult materials by using proper electrode preparation techniques, exemplified by FeNb2O6 and CrNb2O6.

The current findings point at the importance of continuously revisiting known systems with better tools, in addition to exploring new compounds as replacements for technologically important materials, such as cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. The path for narrowing the gap towards gasoline in energy density is long, and every small step is required. This work is such an effort.