Background Many of the elderly in nursing homes are very ill and have a reduced quality of life. Life expectancy is often hard to predict. Decisions about life-prolonging treatment should be based on a ...

Background Conducting systematic reviews is time-consuming but crucial to construct evidence-based patient decision aids, clinical practice guidelines and decision analyses. New methods might enable ...

Background The aim of this article is to give more insight into what ethical challenges clinicians in mental healthcare experience and discuss with a Clinical Ethics Committee in psychiatry in the Region ...

Vi mangler kunnskap om ledelsens rolle i å støtte innføring av systematisk etikkarbeid i kommunal helse- og omsorgstjeneste. Studien undersøker hvordan lederforankring har påvirket innføring av faste møteplasser for etisk ...

Background Computerised decision support (CDS) based on trustworthy clinical guidelines is a key component of a learning healthcare system. Research shows that the effectiveness of CDS is mixed. ...

Background Entitlement to sickness benefits is a legal process requiring health-related reduced work capacity confirmed by a physician via a sickness certificate. However, there is a knowledge gap concerning ...

Sammendrag Fastlegeordningen ble innført i 2001 og har vært ansett som en vellykket helsereform. Vi har tatt for oss ledelse av denne ordningen sett fra kommunenes og fastlegenes ståsted, inspirert av en rapport fra Agenda ...

Background Fake news and alternative facts have become commonplace in these so-called “post-factual times.” What about medical research - are scientific facts fake as well? Many recent disclosures have ...

Background Earlier studies show that the main reasons for admission to long-term nursing home care are cognitive impairment and functional impairments of activities of daily life. However, descriptive ...

Background Primary headaches are associated with psychological distress, neuroticism and disability. However, little is known about headache-related disability and psychological distress among people with ...

Sammenliknet med andre europeiske land har nordmenn god helse som gjenspeiles i høy forventet levealder. Til tross for gode resultater innenfor enkelte områder er det fortsatt stor risiko for svikt i helse- og omsorgstjenestene ...

In Norway, cervical cancer is the third most common cancer among mid-adult women who are in their productive social and working years. This is despite substantial reductions in cervical cancer incidence following more than ...

Sammendrag Fastlegeordningen ble innført i 2001 og har vært ansett som en vellykket helsereform. Vi har tatt for oss ledelse av denne ordningen sett fra kommunenes og fastlegenes ståsted, inspirert av en rapport fra Agenda ...

Background The concept of hope has been measured using the Herth Hope Index (HHI) in different samples, but varying factor structures comprising different items from the HHI have been reported. Therefore, ...

In this article we explore how diagnostic and therapeutic technologies shape the lived experiences of illness for patients. By analysing a wide range of examples, we identify six ways that technology can (trans)form the ...

Background Norway’s liberal abortion law allows for abortion on social indications, yet access to screening for fetal abnormalities is restricted. Norwegian regulation of, and public discourse about prenatal ...

Background Close to half of all deaths in Norway occur in nursing homes, which signals a need for good communication on end-of-life care. Advance care planning (ACP) is one means to that end, but in Norwegian ...

Background Completing upper secondary education is associated with higher work participation and less health-related absence from work. Although these outcomes are closely interrelated, most studies focus ...

Background Knowledge about objectively measured levels of physical activity (PA) and PA participation (included facilitators and barriers for PA) in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) diagnosed ...

Background Several countries have implemented vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) for adolescent girls and must decide whether and how to adapt cervical cancer (CC) screening for these low-risk women. We aimed ...

Background Lack of resources is often cited as a reason for long waiting times and queues in health services. However, recent research indicates these problems are related to factors such as uncoordinated ...

In this thesis we aimed to evaluate the method and the efficacy of acupuncture treatments for infantile colic. We did a pilot study and then carried out a multi-centre randomised controlled trial. We did a systematic ...

Background Meeting psychosocial needs is a significant component of quality dementia care. To enable persons with dementia to live at home for as long as possible, a community healthcare service offering ...

Background Non-attendance and late arrivals diminish patient flow in outpatient clinics. On the other hand, patient earliness may also be undesirable. Physicians often experience that older patients are ...

Background Chikungunya (CHIK) is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes. The first cases in Brazil were confirmed in 2014. Between 2016 and 2017, over 300,000 cases were identified during this period, ...

Objective Significant geographical variations in the use of diagnostic imaging have been demonstrated in Norway and elsewhere. Non-traumatic musculoskeletal conditions is one area where this has been ...

Background: There will always be uncertainty of cost and what kind of dental treatment you will need. In Norway dental treatment is payed out of pocket after turning 21 years. It may be desirable for young adults to regularly ...

Background Among all cancer patients in the palliative phase, ¾ have reached the age of 65. An aging population will increase the number of people afflicted with cancer, and create challenges for patients, ...

Formålet med masteroppgaven er å belyse erfaringer knyttet til frivillig elderådsarbeid. Hvordan arbeidet erfares, og hvilken betydning deltakelsen har for medlemmene i rådene, kan gi en bredere forståelse av frivillig ...

Background The EQ-5D-3 L instrument is a standardized questionnaire which was developed as a simple, generic measure of health for clinical and economic appraisal. To aid in the interpretation, scores are ...

BACKGROUND: Differences in the pace of implementation and degree of diffusion of Electronic Patient Record (EPR) systems can be observed between Germany and Norway. Whereas EPR systems are implemented nationwide in Norway, ...

This thesis investigates two aspects of health in older ages, namely functional limitations and disability, and the influence of educational level on mortality and life expectancy. Functional limitations and mild ...

Background Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a prevalent condition in adults over the age of 55 years. The condition is associated with activity limitations that are related to increased pain ...

Background Computerised clinical decision support (CDS) can potentially better inform decisions, and it can help with the management of information overload. It is perceived to be a key component of a ...

Aims: Despite the excess mortality and morbidity associated with acute poisoning by substances of abuse, follow-up is frequently not organised. We assessed morbidity, including repeated poisoning, and follow-up after acute ...

Background Vascular risk factors increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but there is limited evidence on whether comorbid vascular conditions and risk factors have an impact on disease progression. ...

Purpose New direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs have revolutionized the treatment of hepatitis C in recent years. Objective Our objective was to analyse the cost effectiveness of combinations of different DAAs ...

Background Studies have shown that dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is effective in reducing self-harm in adults and adolescents. Aims ...

Background Overweight and obese adolescents are reported to be less physically active than their peers. Research-based knowledge about their views may contribute to a better understanding of key factors ...

Background Childhood obesity is a worldwide health challenge and risk factor for adult life obesity, which predisposes to development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, also thinness ...

The article aims to describe the association between midlife body mass index (BMI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)- and all-cause mortality, and to use early adulthood BMI as an instrumental variable for midlife BMI, in ...

Background Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, but its overall association with health remains complex given the possible protective effects of moderate alcohol consumption on some conditions. ...

Background The format and content of leadership development programmes for physicians is a theme for discussion in the literature. Objectives The aim of this study is to explore healthcare executives’ perspectives on ...

Background The Norwegian breast cancer screening program started in 2005 inviting all Norwegian women aged between 50 and 69 to attend biennial mammography screening. More than 10 years after its implementation, the high ...

Title: The effect of socioeconomic status on overall mortality after diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Background: Social inequality in health persists even in egalitarian and highly developed countries. There is a social ...

Background: Seasonal influenza is a disease that occurs annually and causes infections in 5-10% of the global population. The symptoms range from fever and coughing to complications like pneumonia and can be lethal in the ...

Title: Motivation amongst health secretaries at Norwegian general practitioner (GP) clinics: A qualitative study about health secretaries' reflections and experiences as employees at GP clinics. Project description: The ...

Objective: Needle acupuncture in small children has gained some acceptance in Western medicine. It is controversial, as infants and toddlers are unable to consent to treatment. We aimed to assess its efficacy for treating ...

High dietary salt intake is associated with increased blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The migration of Somalis from East Africa to Norway may have altered their dietary habits, making them ...

Background Sierra Leone has one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in the world. Efforts to reduce maternal mortality have included initiatives to encourage more women to deliver at health facilities. Despite the ...

Objectives To evaluate a Framingham 5-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score in Indians and Europeans in New Zealand, and determine whether body mass index (BMI) and socioeconomic deprivation were independent predictors ...

The study aims to explore the experiences, perceptions and perspectives of volunteer nurses who are providing healthcare to irregular migrants at the Health Centre for Undocumented Migrants in Oslo Norway, with particular ...

We lack knowledge about iodine status in the Norwegian population in general, and particularly among immigrants. We aimed to estimate the iodine status and potentially associated factors in a Somali population in Norway. ...

Objective: Production and consumption of substandard medicines remain a significant public health issue globally and in Pakistan, a low-income country with an ever-increasing number of local pharmaceutical producers, it ...

New drugs for treating hepatitis C have considerably increased the probability of being cured. Treatment uptake, however, is still low. The objectives of this study were to analyse the impact of initiatives that may increase ...

Purpose The purpose of this study was to conduct a literature review to determine the relationship between the development of the obesity (BMI>30) epidemic and environmental factors in two selected countries: Mexico and ...

Background Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a great concern, considering all the potential health implications. Use of health care services related to FGM/C by women who have been subjected to ...

Background: The main focus of this thesis is to discuss to what extent the global regulation of tobacco control is governed by state power and interests, and to what extent it is governed by both state and non-state actors ...

Although the breastfeeding prevalence is higher in Norway than in most other high-income countries, there is a gap between recommendations and current breastfeeding practice. The aims of this thesis were to assess the ...

Bakgrunn: En stor andel av befolkningen i Norge regnes som fysisk inaktive. Frisklivssentralen er et tilbud for personer med forhøyet risiko for sykdommer, eller som allerede har sykdommer. Dette tilbudet kan øke den fysiske ...

Background: Complex perianal fistula in Crohn’s disease (cPFCD) is considered a most challenging manifestation of CD that associated with severe impairment on patient’s quality of life and substantial morbidity. There ...

Background: The use of interpreter services is influenced by healthcare professionals’ and managers’ behaviours and attitudes. Preferences regarding the choice of interpretation method are affected by individuals’ previous ...

Background: Clinical practice patterns greatly diverge from evidence-based recommendations to manage knee osteoarthritis conservatively before resorting to surgery. Objective: This study aimed to tailor a guideline-based ...

Background:Being overweight constitutes a health risk, and the proportion of overweight and obese children is increasing. It has been argued that road traffic noise could be linked to adiposity through its influence on ...

Abstract Background: The new regimens for hepatitis C authorized in Norway have increased sustained virologic response, give no side effects, resulting in lower transmission rate, reduced mortality and higher quality of ...

Background Making use of good, evidence based routines, for management of normal childbirth is essential to ensure quality of care and prevent, identify and manage complications if they occur. Two essential ...

Background Previous works that uses patterns of prior spending to predict future mental health care expenses (utilization models) are mainly concerned with demand (need) variables. In this paper, we introduce ...

Background Multi-item rating scales for depression informs about the level of depression, but does not allow individuals to state by self-evaluation whether they feel depressed or not. The insider perspective ...

Background High experienced continuity is known to be associated with lower needs for supportive care and most likely higher quality of life. On this background, the aim of this study was to investigate if ...

Aktiv aldring kan regnes som et ideal i dagens samfunn og bidrar til å skape bestemte forventninger til alderdommen. Dette mastergradsprosjektet er en kvalitativ studie som handler om hvordan eldre selv ser på idealet om ...

Objective We have previously found that 9% of patients treated for acute poisoning by substances of abuse in a primary care emergency outpatient setting presented with a new poisoning within a week. We now ...

Background Day care services offer meaningful activities, a safe environment for attendees and respite for family caregivers while being expected to delay the need for nursing home (NH) admission. However, ...

Background Infant mortality rates are still high in Ethiopia. Breastfeeding is regarded as the simplest and least expensive strategy for reduction of infant mortality rates. Community-based educational and ...

Background What is good bioethics? Addressing this question is key for reinforcing and developing the field. In particular, a discussion of potential quality criteria can heighten awareness and contribute ...

Background Few early intervention programs aimed at maternal and child health have been developed to be integrated in the existing Child Health Service in a country where the service is free, voluntary and ...

Background Despite extensive publication of clinical guidelines on how to manage musculoskeletal pain and back pain in particular, these efforts have not significantly translated into decreases in work ...

This PhD thesis indicates that immigrants in Oslo, including both immigrants and Norwegian-born with immigrant parents, utilize the walk-in services at the Oslo Accident and Emergency Outpatient clinic (OAEOC ) more than ...

Background Antibiotic innovation has dwindled to dangerously low levels in the past 30 years. Since resistance continues to evolve, this innovation deficit can have perilous consequences on patients. A ...

Background Dementia and physical morbidity are primary reasons for nursing home admission globally. However, data on physical morbidity in nursing home residents with and without dementia are scarce. The ...