In humans, objectively measured cardiovascular fitness is a good predictor of cognitive performance and of the risk to suffer from dementia. This association remains to be explained mechanistically, but altered mitochondrial ...

Malignant melanomas are one of the most devastating forms of cancers with high mortality rate. The melanoma cells readily spread to distant organs, where the cancer cells interact with stromal cells. Such interaction can ...

Methylation is the transfer of a methyl group from a methyl donor to a substrate, and such reactions are catalyzed by enzymes called methyltransferases (MTases). The methyl donor for cellular methylation reactions is most ...

Natural Killer (NK) cells take part in protective immune responses against infections or malignant transformations. They distinguish healthy from abnormal cells by assessing expression levels of MHC class I, that provide ...

The interaction between the hippocampus and parahippocampal region is essential for the processing and storage of episodic memories. Spatial memory is a form of episodic memory, which entails the details of the what, when ...

Understanding the normal development of the human gut microbiome is of great interest. This is mainly due to possibilities for predicting and preventing disease and developing probiotic treatments. Escherichia coli (E. ...

Frequently, DNA studies on parasitic Hymenoptera have revealed host specific cryptic species from complexes previously thought of as single generalist species. The parasitic Hymenoptera genus, Pteromalus, involves members ...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. Between 60 and 95% of GISTs are defined and diagnosed by the expression of KIT, a tyrosine kinase receptor (TKR) ...

Base excision repair (BER) is the major pathway for repairing oxidative DNA damages. This pathway is initiated by different DNA glycosylases. DNA glycosylases can recognise and remove DNA base lesions, and are also potential ...

Transposable elements (TEs) comprise a major proportion of most large eukaryotic genomes. Through different mechanisms of transposition, TEs can move within genomes and cause genomic rearrangements. Large-scale studies of ...

The inhibitory G protein (Gi) has been proposed to participate in β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) signaling, but not in β1-adrenergic receptor (β1AR) signaling. Pertussis toxin (PTX) ADP-ribosylates and inhibits Gi, and ...

Abstract Liver fibrosis results from chronic injury to the liver. There are several causes of liver fibrosis, including substance abuse (hepatotoxic agents), chronic infections and congenital metabolic disorders, which may ...

DNA glycosylases play an important role in DNA repair, keeping at bay the accumulation of DNA damage. Neil3 has been shown to be a functional DNA glycosylase in vitro with a proliferative tissue-specific expression, highly ...

Autophagy and apoptosis are two important cellular processes, whose dysfunctions are involved in many severe diseases, including cancer. Bulk autophagy is typically mediated by the sequestration of cytoplasmic material ...

Malignant melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer which urgently requires new and efficient treatment strategies. A novel targeted agent for advanced melanoma, vemurafenib, has shown high response rates among patients ...

Mitochondrial disorders constitute a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of diseases that arise as a result of dysfunction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. They can be caused by mutations in either the ...

The vertebrate immune system is an enormously complex arrangement of a large number of interdependent cell types, responsible for fending off harmful invasive organisms as well as aberrant cells within the host itself. The ...

Abstract E. coli AlkB protein was discovered three decades ago and is known to be involved in direct damage reversal of methylation lesions in DNA and RNA through oxidative demethylation. The protein belongs to the superfamily ...

Congenital disorders of glycosylation are a multifaceted group of disorders affecting mul- tiple organs with phenotypes ranging from mild to severe.Congenital disorders of glycosylation are a multifaceted group of disorders ...

Phthalates are chemicals used as plasticizers in various plastics and consumer products, including PVC products, personal care products and pharmaceutical applicants. These chemicals may migrate into the environment, food ...

METODER: Heleksomsekvensering (WES) ble brukt til å identifisere potensielle sykdomsgivende varianter i to brødre med «Dravet-like» progressiv epileptisk encephalopati født av inngiftede foreldre ved analyse av en invertert ...

We have studied changes in the Golgi morphology in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells as a result of chemically induced DNA damage, and how such morphological change affects synthesis and sorting of sulphated PGs in the cell line.

The verification of the protein content in membrane fractions after separation of Gram-negative bacterial membranes is to date a tedious and demanding process. With this project, we wanted to create Escherichia coli (E. ...

Neisseriaceae er en familie med Gram-negative bakterier som består av både patogene og ikke-patogene bakterier. De to viktigste sykdomsfremkallende er meningokokker (Neisseria meningitidis), som kan forårsake meningokokksykdom ...

Preliminary data from our research group indicated that mucosal CD1a+ dendritic cells (DCs) possessed immune regulatory potentials, and the initial aim of this project was thus to study the functional properties of CD1a+CD1c+ ...

In aquaculture today, vaccination of farmed fish is successfully providing protection against many of the most common pathogens. However, while vaccines are most commonly given as a single injection, this is not the ideal ...

Summary The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is a major histocompatibility complex class-I related molecule that plays a key role in in several immunological and non-immunological processes, such as transfer of immunoglobulin ...

In this thesis I present new data on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from one of the earliest diverging lineages in the animal kingdom. The ultimate motivation for this work was to understand how unicellular eukaryotes ...

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has been treated with the same arsenal of antibiotics since the 1970 s; and with an estimated one third of the world s population latently infected at the moment, ...

Background: Tumor-infiltrating immune cells analyzed by immunohistochemistry are reported as alternative prognostic factors to supplement TNM staging in operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but little is done by ...

Aberrant DNA methylation is one of the most common alterations in cancer, and a vast diversity of methods for its investigation exists. Quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP) is frequently used to estimate the amounts ...

In angiosperms, seed development is a tightly regulated process often involving different epigenetic mechanisms such as a phenomenon known as imprinting that regulates parental gene expression in a parent-of-origin-dependent ...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting nearly 1% of the western population. The disease is characterized by a systematic inflammatory process in the synovial joints initiated by the immune ...

The interaction between a CD4+ TH cell and an antigen presenting cell (APC) is a finely tuned event in adaptive immunity. The affinity is dictated by the T cell receptor (TCR) and the characteristics of antigenic peptide ...

It is known that elderly people suffering from heart disease can have memory problems. The hippocampus is the part of the brain that is essential for memory formation and is one of the areas that is most vulnerable to ...

Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycan (GAG) is a modification carried by proteoglycans (PGs) that have important physiological functions in cartilage and bone formation, the immune system and the central nervous system. ...

Endosomal internalisation and subsequent lysosomal degradation of membrane proteins is important for regulation of multiple cellular processes, among these the termination of receptor signalling and degradation of misfolded ...

The formation of the pre-RC is an important event during DNA replication initiation. It occurs from late M phase until early G1 phase and is required to license the replication origin before the binding of other initiation ...

The objective of the present study was to investigate the in vitro effects of the sex steroids testosterone (T), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), estradiol-17β (E2), or cortisol treatment on mRNA expression levels of Ca2+-activated ...

Abstract The conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex is a hetero-octameric complex involved in retrograde transport of Golgi resident enzymes along the secretory pathway. Its presumed function is in the tethering of ...

Melanoma is considered as one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer and treatment is unsuccessful due to development of resistance. The complexity and different genetic alterations of melanoma makes it difficult to ...