Worldwide, floods are the natural disaster causing the highest economic losses and casualties. Flood warnings are issued to inform of potential threats, and allow flood managing authorities time to take appropriate actions ...

This thesis focuses on Danish sediments deposited in the eastern North Sea basin between 56-54.6 million years ago, including an extreme global warming event called the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) that was ...

Hyperpycnal flows have been widely described in different lacustrine and marine environments but sedimentary structures and fossil content in hyperpycnites often offer limited information about the palaeoenvironmental ...

This thesis provides insights into fieldwork practices in Higher Education Earth Science and how these practices influence students’ senses of belonging and their negotiations of geoscience identities. The work illustrates ...

Abstract Observations of ocean currents in the Arctic interior show a curious, and hitherto unexplained, vertical and temporal distribution of mesoscale activity. A marked seasonal cycle is found close to the surface: ...

An extensive, reprocessed two-dimensional (2D) seismic data set was utilized together with available well data to study the Tiddlybanken Basin in the southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea, which is revealed to be an excellent ...

Assessing initiation of rock-slope deformation and paleo-slip rates of rockslides is important to understand the impact of climate variability - in particular permafrost changes - on rockslide activity. Norway, with 6–6.5% ...

Vegetation is an important component in global ecosystems, affecting the physical, hydrological and biogeochemical properties of the land surface. Accordingly, the way vegetation is parameterized strongly influences ...

A longer temporal scale of Antarctic observations is vital to better understanding glacier dynamics and improving ice sheet model projections. One underutilized data source that expands the temporal scale is aerial ...

Gravity waves of the Stokes-type in a system of two horizontal layers of inviscid, stratified and miscible fluids are studied by applying a Lagrangian description of fluid motion. It is shown that for the total ...

The P-Cable technology is an acquisition principle for high-resolution and ultra-high-resolution 3D seismic data. Many 3D seismic datasets have been acquired over the last decade, but the application in time-lapse studies ...

Abstract In this study, we aim to better understand the current and future projections of precipitation extremes in Europe in the context of climatic variability over a long-term period from the last millennium to the end ...

A significant knowledge gap exists when analysing and predicting the hydraulic behaviour of faults within carbonate reservoirs. To improve this, a large database of carbonate fault rock properties has been collected from ...

The end-Triassic mass extinction (ETME) is thought to have been caused by voluminous, pulsed volcanic activity of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP). Over the last decades, various geochemical signals and proxy ...

Pull‐apart basins are structural features linked to the interactions between strike‐slip and extensional tectonics. Their morphology and structural evolution are determined by factors such as extension rate, the basin ...

The ground beneath our feet is anything but dry; there is more water held in Earth’s rocks than all the world’s oceans combined. Fluids in the subsurface are always on the move and understanding this is important in the ...

The mean drift in a permeable homogeneous bottom layer caused by internal gravity waves in an overlying stratified fluid, is investigated theoretically. We apply a Lagrangian formulation, together with the long-wave ...

Abstract The nature and growth of magmatic plumbing systems are of fundamental importance to igneous geology. Traditionally, magma chambers have been viewed as rapidly emplaced bodies of molten rock or partially ...

Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS) is an international partnership of research institutions studying the environment and climate in and around Svalbard. SIOS is developing an efficient observing system, ...

Partitioning precipitation into rain and snow is of pivotal importance in hydrological models. Errors in correctly determining precipitation phase at the surface can propagate into other parts of the model, and there is a ...

This PhD thesis is a collection of four articles that investigate the influence of a low-accommodation setting on down-dip changes in facies, architecture and key stratigraphic surfaces in fluvio-deltaic transects. The ...

In the Cenozoic time (66 – 0 Ma) the global climate changed from greenhouse to icehouse conditions. Changes in continents and ocean geometry, geography, and topography due to plate tectonics, erosion, and mantle dynamics ...

The interior of the Norwegian Sea, or in the regional geological nomenclature “mid-Norwegian passive margin”, contains of about 20% of total oil and gas resources of the Norwegian Continental Shelf. However, the significant ...

Siliciclastic sandstones constitute important reservoirs for subsurface storage of water, oil and natural gas. Knowledge of the geological processes enhancing or reducing the key reservoir properties – porosity and ...

Modern seismic exploration for hydrocarbons in the subsurface relies on a good understanding of how different rock properties influence the remotely recorded seismic response. The bridge between the geological properties, ...

The process of primary migration, which controls the transfer of hydrocarbons from source to reservoir rocks, necessitates the existence of fluid pathways in low permeability sedimentary formations. Primary migration starts ...

The interpretation of seismic data is an integrated process that requires geophysical knowledge and an intuitive geological understanding. While seismic interpretation is essential in order to accumulate knowledge and build ...

Abstract There has been a surge of interest in the field of urban flooding in recent years. However, current stormwater management models are often too complex to apply on a large scale. To fill this gap, we use ...

Shoshonitic to ultrapotassic, mantle-derived volcanic rocks found within certain accretionary and collisional settings have trace element patterns comparable to those of common arc-related rocks, but with extreme enrichments ...

Reservoir quality assessment was conducted from petrophysical analysis and rock physics diagnostics on 15 wells penetrating Middle Jurassic sandstone reservoir formations in different regions of the eastern Central North ...

Hydrocarbons in easily accessible areas have been explored on the Norwegian continental shelf, with much of it having been tapped out to supply the world’s energy demand. The growing consumption and demand have driven ...

The study describes the depositional development and sediment partitioning in a prograding paralic Triassic succession. The deposits are associated with the advance of large prism‐scale clinoforms across a shallower platform ...

The environmental behavior of perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAA) and their precursors was investigated in lake Tyrifjorden, downstream a factory producing paper products coated with per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances ...

Energetic particle precipitation is one of the main processes by which the sun influences atmospheric composition and structure. The polar middle atmosphere is chemically disturbed by the precipitation-induced production ...

MgO makes up about 20% of the Earth’s lower mantle; hence, its rheological behaviour is important for the dynamics and evolution of the Earth. Here, we investigate the strength of twin boundaries from 0 to 120 GPa using ...

The seasonal snow-cover is one of the most rapidly varying natural surface features on Earth. It strongly modulates the terrestrial water, energy, and carbon balance. Fractional snow-covered area (fSCA) is an essential ...

Depleted oil reservoirs are considered a viable solution to the global challenge of CO2 storage. A key concern is whether the wells can be suitably sealed with cement to hinder the escape of CO2. Under reservoir conditions, ...

Relationship between different geomechanical and acoustic properties measured from seven laboratory tested unconsolidated natural sands with different mineralogical compositions and textures were presented. The samples ...

During the past decades, notions of Earth dynamics and climate change have changed drastically, as anthropogenic CO2-emissions are linked to measurable Earth system changes. At the same time, Earth scientists have discovered ...

As the Arctic warms, vegetation is responding, and satellite measures indicate widespread greening at high latitudes. This ‘greening of the Arctic’ is among the world’s most important large-scale ecological responses to ...

Regionalization is a common approach for runoff prediction in the basin lacking observed discharge data (called ungauged basin). Regionalization is the process of borrowing information (e.g. the hydrological model parameters) ...

A transition from supradetachment to rift basin signature is recorded in the ~1,500 m thick succession of continental to shallow marine conglomerates, mixed carbonate‐siliciclastic shallow marine sediments and carbonate ...

Microcontinents and continental fragments are pieces of continental lithosphere, formed by extension and breakup, followed by plate boundary relocations. Microcontinents or continental fragments affiliated with passive ...

Microcontinents are small continental pieces that have been separated from their parent continent. We often find such microcontinents in oceans that form after the breakup of a large continent (e.g. the North Atlantic, ...

Even though production and open use of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been phased out in Western industrialised countries since the 1980s, PCBs were still present in waste collected from different waste handling ...

Background Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the delousing agents used to control sea lice infestations in salmonid aquaculture. However, some Lepeophtheirus salmonis populations have developed resistance towards H2O2. ...

Fracture stiffness and flow properties have been measured in the laboratory using naturally fractured fault rock samples from the Little Grand Wash fault, Utah, USA. We compare fracture closure and related flow change ...

Lusi is a large hydrothermal vent system, constantly erupting since 14 years in the East Java sedimentary basin. Its activity is fuelled by a subsurface magmatic intrusion and associated hydrothermal fluid migration taking ...

In the Himalayas –the mountain range in Asia, there is a high demand for hydro-meteorological datasets for the water resource management. Hydro-meteorological observations is minimal because of the adverse geographical ...

The degree to which the Earth’s mantle stores and cycles water in excess of the storage capacity of nominally anhydrous minerals is dependent upon the stability of hydrous phases under mantle-relevant pressures, temperatures, ...

Aerosols interact with radiation and clouds. Substantial progress made over the past 40 years in observing, understanding, and modeling these processes helped quantify the imbalance in the Earth's radiation budget caused ...

Global climate change not only affects the processes within the water cycle but also leads to the frequent occurrences of local and regional extreme drought events. In China, spatial and temporal characterizations of drought ...

To fully understand potential changes in hydrological regime over the Lhasa River Basin (LRB) and the upstream of Niyang River Basin (UNRB) in Tibetan Plateau under global warming, the VIC-glacier model was employed to ...

The accurate simulation and prediction of flood response in urbanized basins remains a great challenge due to the spatial and temporal heterogeneities in land surface properties. We hereby propose an integrated modelling ...

Societal dependence on, and commercial and scientific exploitation of Earth-Oriented remote sensing from satellites is growing at an exponential rate. The comprehensive EU Copernicus programme provides a major contribution ...

Abstract Discharge over the Narayani river catchment of Nepal was simulated using Statkraft's Hydrologic Forecasting Toolbox (Shyft) forced with observations and three global forcing datasets: (i) ERA-Interim ...

The δ phase of Bi2O3 has the highest known value of oxide ion conductivity within the solid state and, therefore, remains a benchmark for the development of future generations of electrolyte materials to fuel-cell technologies. ...

The evolutionary algorithms can solve reservoir operation with a fast convergence rate whereas the major impediments in handling the joint operation of mega cascade reservoirs easily trigger the technical bottlenecks, i.e. ...

Hybrid hydropower and floating photovoltaic power generation has far-reaching effects on the intertwined water, food and energy (WFE) nexus, but the complementary operation is fundamentally challenging especially under ...

Stratigraphic profiles of two sediment cores stationed at Loperen are analyzed to distinguish temporal changes of accumulation rates of total organic carbon (TOC) in at least the last four centuries. The aim is to investigate ...

Abstract. Anthropogenic aerosol emissions have increased considerably over the last century, but climate effects and quantification of the emissions are highly uncertain as one goes back in time. This uncertainty is partly ...

The important role played by the upper plate in convergence zones dynamics has long been underestimated but is now more and more emphasized. However, the influence of its thickness and/or strength on orogenic systems ...

Abstract Located in the Tibetan Plateau, the upstream regions of the Mekong River (UM) and the Salween River (US) are very sensitive to climate change. The ‘VIC-glacier‘ model, which links a degree-day glacier ...

Practical application of hydrological models requires parameter transfer, both temporally and spatially, to compensate for the lack of data. In this study, the transferability of parameters is evaluated using a lumped ...

This study comprehensively evaluates eight satellite-based precipitation datasets in streamflow simulations on a monsoon-climate watershed in China. Two mutually independent datasets—one dense-gauge and one gauge-interpolated ...

Abstract Velocities within an icefall are typically the fastest within a glacier system and experience complex flow. The combination of convergent and fast flow, and steep slope generate a quickly changing and intensely ...

The Clausius‐Clapeyron relationship holds that the atmospheric water vapor content enhances with warming temperatures, suggesting intensifications of precipitable water and also altering runoff generation. Drought conditions ...

Although many previous studies have analysed the impacts of human activities on hydrological drought, studies that analysed these impacts from the perspective of drought termination, a critical re-wetting phase of hydrological ...

Under the background of climate variability and anthropogenic stresses, changes of the runoff and sediment processes have drawn increasing concerns during the past decades. Analyzing the evolution characteristics and causes ...

Given a changing environment, estimating a flood magnitude corresponding to a desired return period considering nonstationarity is crucial for hydrological engineering designs. Four nonstationary design methods, namely ...

Knowledge of vegetation dynamics in relation to climatic changes and human activities is essential for addressing the terrestrial carbon cycle in the context of global warming. Scientific detection and quantitative attribution ...

In this paper, we comprehensively evaluated the utility of integrated long-term satellite-based precipitation and evapotranspiration products for drought monitoring over mainland China. The latest Integrated Multi-satelliteE ...

Editors of several journals in the field of hydrology met during the General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union—EGU in Vienna in April 2017. This event was a follow‐up of similar meetings held in 2013 and 2015. ...

Ensemble weather forecasting generally suffers from bias and under‐dispersion, which limit its predictive power. Several post‐processing methods have been developed to overcome these limitations, and an intercomparison is ...

Abstract. The Glomma River is the largest in Norway, with a catchment area of 154 450 km2. People living near the shores of this river are frequently exposed to destructive floods that impair local cities and communities. ...

It is critical for monthly water balance models (MWBMs) to achieve realistic hydrological modelling of total flow and its components (i.e. quick flow and baseflow) in practical application. Various methods have been developed ...

Merging gauge observation with a single original satellite-based precipitation product (SPP) is a common approach to generate spatial precipitation estimates. For the generation of high-quality precipitation maps, however, ...

Bias correction techniques are widely used to bridge the gap between climate model outputs and input requirements of hydrological models to assess the climate change impacts on hydrology. In addition to univariate bias ...

Changes in peak magnitude, volume, frequency and duration of floods obtained from a peak-over-threshold sampling in 780 unregulated catchments show significant differences between northern and southern Australia over ...

Previous studies have shown that the seasonal dynamics of model parameters can compensate for structural defects of hydrological models and improve the accuracy and robustness of the streamflow forecast to some extent. ...

Abstract Bias correction methods are based on the assumption of bias stationarity of climate model outputs. However, this assumption may not be valid, because of the natural climate variability. This study ...

In the continental crust, faults may accommodate deformation through aseismic creep, slow slip events, or seismic slips that produce dynamic damage, or a combination of these endmembers. A variety of parameters controls ...

Changing conditions of the climate and underlying surface have altered the rainfall-runoff relationships in many basins, greatly increasing additional challenges in the applicability of hydrological models for studying the ...

To improve our understanding of the Earth's global carbon cycle, it is critical to characterize the distribution and storage mechanisms of carbon in silicate melts. Presently, the carbon budget of the deep Earth is not ...

Glaciers are important freshwater storage systems in the Tianshan Mountains. Under the context of climate change, quantifying changes in glacier mass balance, the melt-season (June–September) runoff and its key runoff ...

Given the challenge to estimate representative long-term natural variability of streamflow from limited observed data, a hierarchical, multilevel Bayesian regression (HBR) was developed to reconstruct the 1489–2006 annual ...

Distributed and semi-distributed hydrological modeling approaches commonly involve the discretization of a catchment into several modeling elements. Although some modeling studies were conducted using triangulated irregular ...

Alpine glaciers are shrinking and rapidly loosing mass in a warming climate. Glacier modeling is required to assess the future consequences of these retreats on water resources, the hydropower industry and risk management. ...

Microcontinents and continental fragments are small pieces of continental crust that are surrounded by oceanic lithosphere. Although classically associated with passive margin formation, here we present several preserved ...

The entirety of the sediment bed in lake Tyrifjorden, Norway, is contaminated by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). A factory producing paper products and a fire station were investigated as possible sources. Fire ...

Understanding the propagation of prolonged meteorological drought helps solve the problem of intensified water scarcity around the world. Most of the existing literature studied the propagation of drought from one type to ...

Bias correction methods are routinely used to correct climate model outputs for hydrological and agricultural impact studies. Even though superior bias correction methods can correct the distribution of daily precipitation ...

The Tibetan plateau plays an essential role in the water supply to Asia’s large river systems and, as the largest and highest mountain plateau in the world, it drives the Asian monsoon and influences global atmospheric ...

Forecasting the timing of catastrophic failure, such as crustal earthquakes, has been a central concern for centuries. Such forecasting requires identifying signals that evolve or accelerate in the precursory phase leading ...

Fractures and faults are critical elements affecting the geomechanical integrity of CO2 storage sites. In particular, the slip of fractures and faults may affect reservoir integrity and increase potential for breach, may ...

Numerous efforts have been made to separate effects of climate change and human activities on long-term runoff change, including a commonly used method based on the Budyko complementary relationship (BCR) to deal with the ...

Censored data (CD) of floods, that is, the combination of systematic data (SD) and historical data, can help improve the robustness of flood frequency analysis, due to its temporal information expansion. However, in ...

Hydrological models for regions characterized by complex runoff generation process been suffer from a great weakness. A delicate hydrological balance triggered by prolonged wet or dry underlying condition and variable ...

Abstract. This paper presents Shyft, a novel hydrologic modelling software for streamflow forecasting targeted for use in hydropower production environments and research. The software enables the rapid development and ...