The purpose of this collection is to discuss what we may learn from thinking about the EU in federal terms. Our point of departure is that this represents a two-fold challenge. It is on the one hand a matter of establishing ...

Currently, genome sequences of a total of 19 Porphyromonas gingivalis strains are available, including eight completed genomes (strains W83, ATCC 33277, TDC60, HG66, A7436, AJW4, 381, and A7A1-28) and 11 high-coverage draft ...

Insufficient suppression and connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) is a potential mediator of cognitive dysfunctions across various disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, ...

We theoretically consider the spin Seebeck effect, the charge Seebeck coefficient, and the thermoelectric figure of merit in superconducting hybrid structures including either magnetic textures or intrinsic spin-orbit ...

In this research report we propose a self-organizing media streaming solution that supports multiple interacting participants as well as a large number of observers. This solution is aimed at a number of emerging multimedia ...

Progressive and serious representations of homosexuality in Western mainstream video games are a recent phenomenon, and the Canadian developer BioWare has been instrumental in diversifying gender and sexuality representations ...

Speciation encompasses a continuum over time from freely interbreeding populations to reproductively isolated species. Along this process, ecotypes – the result of local adaptation – may be on the road to new species. We ...

The extensive spatial and temporal coverage of many citizen science datasets (CSD) makes them appealing for use in species distribution modeling and forecasting. However, a frequent limitation is the inability to validate ...

Against the background of growing interest in normative frameworks within Media and Communication Studies and Internet Studies, I propose a virtue ethics framework for Digital Religion (DR). This framework conjoins loving ...

We consider systems with memory represented by stochastic functional differential equations. Substantially, these are stochastic differential equations with coefficients depending on the past history of the process itself. ...

This paper attempts to define the EU system of government through an innovative approach that, taking into account both the legal framework and the political practice, focuses on the confidence relationship between the ...

Intrathecal drug and gene vector delivery is a procedure to release a solute within the cerebrospinal fluid. This procedure is currently used in clinical practice and shows promise for treatment of several central nervous ...

Although the concept of inclusion of the other in the self (IOS) has been successfully assessed with explicit self-report measures implicit procedures have been neglected in past literature. The present article explores ...

This paper presents a method of automatic construction extraction from a large corpus of Russian. The term ‘construction’ here means a multi-word expression in which a variable can be replaced with an- other word from the ...

This article uses data from the 25,142-child study EU Kids Online to investigate the impact of sibling status on a child’s experience of online risk and opportunities. In general, the effects associated with having a sibling ...

Acknowledging that both analysts and practitioners face problems of meaningful categorization of social order in general, and the European political-administrative system in particular, this article suggests a conceptual ...

We propose and investigate a valuation model for the income of selling tradeable green certificates (TGCs) in the Swedish–Norwegian market, formulated as a singular stochastic control problem. Our model takes into account ...

Aims: Low socioeconomic status (SES) characterizes smoking and nicotine dependence in adult samples. However, less is known about how parental SES is linked to smoking in offspring and potential mechanisms at work. Methods: ...

Background: Long-term work absence is increasing in Western countries. More people suffer from subjective health complaints, such as musculoskeletal pain and depression-like symptoms. Social rights and benefits are based ...

Går det an å gjera krav på juridisk eigarskap til eit ord, ordlag eller namn som er innarbeidd i allmennspråket? Dette er det usemje om, og usemja hamnar til tider i retten. I denne artikkelen skal eg ta for meg nokre ...

Aims: Recent research suggests that early onset of intoxication (EOI) may be of greater importance for a wide range of subsequent adverse outcomes than early drinking experiences without intoxication. However, research on ...

Let ℓ be a prime and q=pν, where p is a prime different from ℓ. We show that the ℓ–completion of the nth stable homotopy group of spheres is a summand of the ℓ–completion of the (n,0) motivic stable homotopy group of spheres ...

Electricity infrastructure has become a critical element of modern industrial society. In order to model and analyse this infrastructure, identify weaknesses, and optimize performance, one needs to take into account its ...

Commissions appointed to examine and propose solutions to major policy problems play a vital role in policy formulation in the Nordic countries. Whereas existing accounts emphasize the corporatist and statist features of ...

This review article, with a clear political science and public administration bias, takes stock of the existing literature on EU agencies and suggests a future research agenda. The article reviews studies on EU agencies' ...

Can a directly elected European Parliament help deliver standards by which the European Union can be indirectly legitimated through its component national democracies? This article argues that the Union can be indirectly ...

In this paper we prove the existence of strong solutions to a SDE with a generalized drift driven by a multidimensional fractional Brownian motion for small Hurst parameters H<1/2. Here the generalized drift is given as ...

We consider a scalar conservation law with zero-flux boundary conditions imposed on the boundary of a rectangular multidimensional domain. We study monotone schemes applied to this problem. For the Godunov version of the ...

Background: Impairments in executive functions (EFs) are related to binge drinking in young adulthood, but research on how EFs influence future binge drinking is lacking. The aim of the current report is therefore to ...

Climate change will affect the population dynamics of many species, yet the consequences for the long-term persistence of populations are poorly understood. A major reason for this is that density-dependent feedback effects ...

Seeing someone in need may evoke a particular kind of closeness that has been conceptualized as sympathy or empathic concern (which is distinct from other empathy constructs). In other contexts, when people suddenly feel ...

Previously, we have worked on verification of railway regulations against CAD designs, and integrated a verification engine into the tool chain of railway engineers. This tool was used successfully in a pilot project at ...

In this article, we reflect critically on the research agenda on children’s Internet use, framing our analysis using Wellman’s three ages of Internet studies and taking as our case study the three phases of research by the ...

Leseforståelse kan ses som nøkkelen til læring og skolefaglig fungering. Siden narrativ kompetanse har vist seg å være en av komponentene som har betydning for utviklingen av leseforståelse, undersøkes sammenhengen mellom ...

For stochastic conservation laws driven by a semilinear noise term, we propose a generalization of the Kružkov entropy condition by allowing the Kružkov constants to be Malliavin differentiable random variables. Existence ...

The influence of annealing on the microstructure and electrical properties of undoped polycrystalline ZnSb samples has been investigated by different experimental techniques. In situ XRD in an argon at- mosphere showed ...

In the 2016 US presidential election campaign, social media platforms were increasingly used as direct sources of news, bypassing the editorial media. With the candidates’ millions of followers, Twitter has become a platform ...

Background: Strategies to improve communication in people with dementia are warranted. We examined the effect of the Sonas programme on communication ability in persons with moderate to severe dementia. Methods: A 24-week ...

We lift ambit fields to a class of Hilbert space-valued volatility modulated Volterra processes. We name this class Hambit fields, and show that they can be expressed as a countable sum of weighted real-valued volatility ...

We comment on the discretization of the Dirac equation using finite element spaces of differential forms. In order to treat perturbations by low order terms, such as those arising from electromagnetic fields, we develop ...

As findings on the neuropathological and behavioral components of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continue to accrue, converging evidence suggests that macroscale brain functional disruptions may mediate their association. Recent ...

The concrete problem this paper addresses is the following: Given a set of objects with a spatial interpretation and a set of qualitative relations, construct a bintree representation that returns the same answers to queries ...

Individuals' role perceptions are central guides to their behavior and choices as members of an organization. Understanding organizational dynamics thus requires knowledge about the determinants of such role perceptions, ...

The major virulence factor of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is the heat-labile enterotoxin (LT), an AB5 toxin closely related to the cholera toxin. LT consists of six subunits, the catalytically active A-subunit and ...

Rehabilitation is a complex field requiring broad interprofessional and interorganizational collaboration. System-induced setbacks, such as rehospitalization and decreased quality of care, can occur when patients transition ...

This report explains the details of a configurable index structure that allows to perform efficiently the kinds of filtering operations required to implement faceted search over RDF data. Unlike previous systems, it is ...

The study challenges the widespread assumption that the decision rule of ‘consensus’, whereby decisions are made by “tacit consent”, i.e. without voting and through the absence of open dissent, attributes veto power to ...

One important class of applications for the Internet of Things is related to the need to gain timely and continuous situational awareness, like smart cities, automated traffic control, or emergency and rescue operations. ...

Background Perinatal mortality according to birth weight has an inverse J-pattern. Our aim was to estimate the influence of familial factors on this pattern, applying a cohort sibling design. We focused on excess mortality ...

Recent developments in wireless sensors to measure physiological parameters and environmental parameters enable a new generation of applications for health monitoring. However, the complexity of many physiological signals ...

Introduction: The promotion of a healthy diet, physical activity and measurement of blood glucose levels are essential components in the care for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Smartphones offer a new way ...

We use age-structured models for VZV transmission and reactivation to reconstruct the natural history of VZV in Norway based on available pre-vaccination serological data, contact matrices, and herpes zoster incidence data. ...

Background and aim: Pressure ulcers (PUs) and malnutrition represent a significant health problem for hospital inpatients. Satisfactory nutritional status is crucial for proper wound healing. Risk of malnutrition can be ...

Three key questions guide this thesis. First, how is public communication of science and technology (PCST) organized in different models of expert–public interaction? Second, how do different models of science and technology ...

Some studies suggest that prenatal infection increases risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). This study was undertaken in a prospective cohort in Norway to examine whether we could find evidence to support an association ...

Background Studies of Primary Health Care (PHC) reveal considerable practice variations in terms of the range of services provided. In Norway, general practitioners (GPs) are traditionally expected to perform IUD-insertions ...

Objective: To explore reasons for attending a general emergency outpatient clinic versus a regular general practitioner (RGP). Design: Cross-sectional study using a multilingual anonymous questionnaire. Setting: Native ...

Change in behaviour is usually the first response to human-induced environmental change and key for determining whether a species adapts to environmental change or becomes maladapted. Thus, understanding the behavioural ...

This study deals with the German Federal Government’s approach of ensuring public support for its ‘Energiewende’, the swift and complete transition to an energy system based on renewable sources. First, the government’s ...

In order to decipher the nature of the slowly growing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tuberculosis) lineage 7, the differentially abundant proteins in strains ofM. tuberculosis lineage 7 and lineage 4 were defined. Comparative ...

Almost half of the European Union (EU)’s population is exposed to road traffic noise above levels that constitute a health risk. Associations between road traffic noise and impaired sleep in adults have consistently been ...

Both worry and metacognitive beliefs have been found to be related to the development of anxiety, but metacognitive theory (Wells and Matthews, 1994; Wells, 2009) suggest that metacognitive beliefs may play a more prominent ...

There is increasing evidence to show that teachers’ epistemic cognition is related to how they conceive of and engage in teaching; therefore it is important that teachers develop adaptive epistemic cognition. This article ...

This article explores an international week in a Norwegian primary school from the perspective of the different participants. Such international weeks are typically organized in connection with the United Nations Day, to ...

This chapter is about sixteen-year-old Bahar (pseudonym) who grew up in Afghanistan and moved with her family to Norway at the beginning of her teens. Bahar is transnational in the sense that she has “moved bodily across ...

BACKGROUND: Children between the ages of 5 and 14 appear to have a lower risk of dying than both younger and older individuals. OBJECTIVE: We looked for possible factors influencing the mortality rates of school-age ...

This article provides an overview of the literature on demonstration projects and trials, and accounts for how insights drawn from this literature can contribute to the development of a sustainable bioeconomy. The article ...

Background The ability to appraise claims about the benefits and harms of treatments is crucial for informed health care decision-making. This research aims to enable children in East African primary schools (the clusters) ...

Background: Improved communication about childhood vaccination is fundamental to increasing vaccine uptake in low-income countries. Mozambique, with 64% of children fully vaccinated, uses a range of communication interventions ...

I denne boken skriver forskere med ulik faglig bakgrunn om konkrete situasjoner, i nåtid og i fortid, der temaet å være fremmed og hjemme i samme rom står i sentrum. Forskergruppen bak boken har arbeidet med dette stoffet ...

The scattered eastern African high mountains harbor a renowned and highly endemic flora, but the taxonomy and phylogeographic history of many plant groups are still insufficiently known. The high-alpine populations of the ...

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are promising nanomaterials for biomedical applications. However, their inflammatory potential has not been fully established. Here, we used a lepirudin anti-coagulated human whole blood ...

Obligate herbivores dominate studies of the eff ects of climate change on mammals, however there is limited empirical evidence for how changes in the abundance or quality of plant food aff ect mammalian omnivores. Omnivores ...

Many animals perform long-distance migrations in order to maximize lifetime reproductive success. The European eel migrates several thousand kilometers between their feeding habitats in continental waters (fresh-,brackish, ...

Background: Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to compute the hemodynamics in cerebral aneurysms has received much attention in the last decade. The usability of these methods depends on the quality of the computations, ...

Vaginal infections are associated with high recurrence, which is often due to a lack of efficient treatment of complex vaginal infections comprised of several types of pathogens, especially fungi and bacteria. Chitosan, a ...

This chapter focuses on the motivations and the criminal process’ dynamics that might lie at the root of infringements by Defense lawyers of the formal procedural rules and regulations of international criminal courts and ...

The European Union (EU) is the world’s biggest donor of aid to developing countries. The provision of EU aid is conditional on respect for human rights and democratic principles in the recipient countries. This article ...

Background: Meningococcal colonization is a prerequisite for transmission and disease, but the bacterium only very infrequently causes disease while asymptomatic carriage is common. Carriage is highly dynamic, showing a ...

Objective: Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with development of different types of dementia. Identification of LLD patients, who will develop cognitive decline, i.e., the early stage of dementia would help to ...

Background Complementary therapists spend considerable time with their patients, especially in the first consultation. The communication between patients and their therapists is important for raising consciousness and ...

Five institutional fields were pinpointed as the main components of a public sphere in the introductory chapter (Engelstad, Larsen, Rogstad & Steen-Johnsen, this volume). They vary significantly in their institutional ...

The Technological, Pedagogical, and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework – a framework which proposes a set of knowledge domains that are essential for effective teaching with technology – has gained considerable attention ...

The last two decades have seen far-reaching structural transformations in the public sphere. Few topics have attracted more attention, wild guesses, and misinterpretation, than the prospective effects of ongoing changes ...

Aim The aim of the present study was to explore if children who spend more time on screen-based sedentary behaviors (i.e.TV viewing and computer use) drink more sugar-sweetened soft drinks. The study also assessed whether ...

Objectives: Poor vitamin D status has been reported to be highly prevalent in many non-western immigrant groups living in Norway and other western countries. However, data on rickets are scarce, and the aim of the current ...

Disability is increasingly salient as a word and increasingly heterogeneous as a category. Multiple interest groups and professions define disability in different ways, making it impossible to achieve a unitary theoretical ...

This paper explores sonic microinteraction using muscle sensing through the Myo armband. The first part presents results from a small series of experiments aimed at finding the baseline micromotion and muscle activation ...

In this paper, we present the results of preliminary experiments on finding the link between the surface forms of Russian nouns (as represented by their graphic forms) and their meanings (as represented by vectors in a ...

Our analysis distinguishes between the legal framework and jurisprudence currently governing the scope of immunity for Defence counsel and their teams representing alleged 175 perpetrators of serious international crimes ...

Pathologically elevated immune activation and inflammation contribute to HIV disease progression and immunodeficiency, potentially mediated by elevated levels of prostaglandin E2, which suppress HIV-specific T cell responses. ...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is particularly challenging for the immune system being an intracellular pathogen, and a variety of T cell subpopulations are activated by the host defence mechanism. In this study, we ...

In this thesis, I address people’s experiences of being born with a body that does not meet the normative definitions of male or female. The situation when sex characteristics develop in ways that do not conform to binary ...

Background: Despite the overall success of total hip replacement (THR) in patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA), up to one-quarter of patients report suboptimal recovery. The aim of this study was to determine ...

Background: Cohort studies often report findings on children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) but may be biased by self-selection. The representativeness of cohort studies needs to be investigated to ...

Orthographic learning refers to the acquisition of knowledge about specific spelling patterns forming words and about general biases and constraints on letter sequences. It is thought to occur by strengthening simultaneously ...

A curious interconnectedness/consent conundrum marks today's world. Whereas states and societies are becoming more closely interconnected, increased proximity need not increase popular acceptance of federal democracy. ...

Under what conditions should we expect the United States to support international enforcement of treaties? We hypothesize that U.S. support is most likely for treaties where international enforcement will cause considerable ...