Modern seismic exploration for hydrocarbons in the subsurface relies on a good understanding of how different rock properties influence the remotely recorded seismic response. The bridge between the geological properties, ...

This PhD thesis is a collection of four articles that investigate the influence of a low-accommodation setting on down-dip changes in facies, architecture and key stratigraphic surfaces in fluvio-deltaic transects. The ...

The interior of the Norwegian Sea, or in the regional geological nomenclature “mid-Norwegian passive margin”, contains of about 20% of total oil and gas resources of the Norwegian Continental Shelf. However, the significant ...

In the Himalayas –the mountain range in Asia, there is a high demand for hydro-meteorological datasets for the water resource management. Hydro-meteorological observations is minimal because of the adverse geographical ...

Shoshonitic to ultrapotassic, mantle-derived volcanic rocks found within certain accretionary and collisional settings have trace element patterns comparable to those of common arc-related rocks, but with extreme enrichments ...

Background Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the delousing agents used to control sea lice infestations in salmonid aquaculture. However, some Lepeophtheirus salmonis populations have developed resistance towards H2O2. ...

The interpretation of seismic data is an integrated process that requires geophysical knowledge and an intuitive geological understanding. While seismic interpretation is essential in order to accumulate knowledge and build ...

The seasonal snow-cover is one of the most rapidly varying natural surface features on Earth. It strongly modulates the terrestrial water, energy, and carbon balance. Fractional snow-covered area (fSCA) is an essential ...

A transition from supradetachment to rift basin signature is recorded in the ~1,500 m thick succession of continental to shallow marine conglomerates, mixed carbonate‐siliciclastic shallow marine sediments and carbonate ...

During the past decades, notions of Earth dynamics and climate change have changed drastically, as anthropogenic CO2-emissions are linked to measurable Earth system changes. At the same time, Earth scientists have discovered ...

MgO makes up about 20% of the Earth’s lower mantle; hence, its rheological behaviour is important for the dynamics and evolution of the Earth. Here, we investigate the strength of twin boundaries from 0 to 120 GPa using ...

As the Arctic warms, vegetation is responding, and satellite measures indicate widespread greening at high latitudes. This ‘greening of the Arctic’ is among the world’s most important large-scale ecological responses to ...

Relationship between different geomechanical and acoustic properties measured from seven laboratory tested unconsolidated natural sands with different mineralogical compositions and textures were presented. The samples ...

Regionalization is a common approach for runoff prediction in the basin lacking observed discharge data (called ungauged basin). Regionalization is the process of borrowing information (e.g. the hydrological model parameters) ...

Microcontinents and continental fragments are pieces of continental lithosphere, formed by extension and breakup, followed by plate boundary relocations. Microcontinents or continental fragments affiliated with passive ...

Even though production and open use of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been phased out in Western industrialised countries since the 1980s, PCBs were still present in waste collected from different waste handling ...

Conventional studies of petroleum basins associate oil generation with the gradual burial of organic-rich sediments. These classical models rely on the interplay between pressure, temperature, and the time required for ...

Structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry enables the cost-effective digital characterisation of seismic- to sub-decimetre-scale geoscientific samples. The technique is commonly used for the characterisation of outcrops, ...

Two nested clinoform set types of different scales and steepness are mapped and analysed from high‐resolution seismic data. Restoration of post‐depositional faulting reveals a persistent pattern of small‐scale, high‐angle ...

Iceland’s periglacial realm is one of the most dynamic on the planet, with active geomorphologicalprocesses and high weathering rates of young bedrock resulting in high sediment yields and ongoingmass movement. Permafrost ...

The origin of the more than 100 km wide Lycksele ring structure in Sweden has puzzled geoscientists for years. In this short note we present results from field analysis, detailed sampling and laboratory analysis executed ...

The dynamic control of reservoir water level during flood seasons (WLFS) allows a trade‐off between flood control and water resources conservation. In this process, the WLFS dynamic control boundaries are key parameters. ...

Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Arctic in response to anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream effects in the marine environment. Whilst a combination ...

The Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.97–5.33 Ma) was caused by the closure of the Atlantic‐Mediterranean gateways that cut through the Gibraltar orogenic system. The geodynamic drivers underlying gateway closure and re‐opening ...

The boron isotopic composition of tourmaline and hambergite (Be2BO3[OH,F]) from peraluminous (n = 12), peralkaline (n = 1), and peralkaline nepheline syenite (n = 16) pegmatites has been measured by secondary ion mass ...

Lack of discharge data for model calibration is challenging for flood prediction in ungauged basins. Since establishment and maintenance of a permanent discharge station is resource demanding, a possible remedy could be ...

Noctilucent clouds (NLC) are mesospheric ice clouds occurring in the summer hemisphere at high latitudes and an altitude of about 83km. This region is the coldest of the earth’s atmosphere and is characterized by the ...

Marine seismic interference noise occurs when energy from nearby marine seismic source vessels is recorded during a seismic survey. Such noise tends to be well preserved over large distances and causes coherent artefacts ...

For economic and efficiency reasons, blended acquisition of seismic data is becoming increasingly commonplace. Seismic deblending methods are computationally demanding and normally consist of multiple processing steps. ...

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) is the primary ore mineral for copper, but leaching of this mineral under atmospheric conditions is slow due to the formation of surface passivating phases such as elemental sulphur and jarosite. Here, ...

Seismic imaging methods have been widely used in the petroleum industry for hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir monitoring. The principle of seismic imaging methods is employing elastic waves generated by seismic source ...

High quality reprocessed seismic reflection profiles and available wells were used to study the little studied southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea and east Finnmark Platform. The study area comprises prominent structural ...

Glacial hydrology plays an important role in the control of glacier dynamics, of sediment transport, and of fjord and proglacial ecosystems. Surface meltwater drains through glaciers via supraglacial, englacial and subglacial ...

The Central basin of Lake Baikal is intersected by the North-East – South-West-oriented escarpment named the «Gydratny Fault zone». This laterally extensive structure runs subparallel to the North-Western shore of the lake. ...

Hydrocarbons in easily accessible areas have been explored on the Norwegian continental shelf, with much of it having been tapped out to supply the world’s energy demand. The growing consumption and demand have driven ...

Reservoir quality assessment was conducted from petrophysical analysis and rock physics diagnostics on 15 wells penetrating Middle Jurassic sandstone reservoir formations in different regions of the eastern Central North ...

Potential field analysis is known to suffer from the problem of "non-uniqueness" in solutions. Gravity data interpretation is a prime example. Anomalous bodies can be detected from the gravity field, but information regarding ...

This study presented in this doctoral thesis addresses the development of the Upper Jurassic Curtis Formation, outcropping in east-central Utah. The study suggests a separation of the Curtis Formation in three geological ...

In the Late Neoproterozoic the supercontinent Rodinia started to disintegrate, and the continents Baltica and Laurentia began to rift apart to form the Iapetus Ocean. Early stages of subsidence caused by ductile stretching ...

The extensive lava piles of Iceland contain a unique record of geomagnetic field variations spanning the past ~ 16 Ma. Since the 1950s, palaeomagnetic data have been obtained from over 9400 Icelandic lavas. We have compiled ...

The Larvik Plutonic Complex (LPC) contains pegmatites with a wide array of mineral assemblages and morphological features. The pegmatites have traditionally been described as nepheline syenite and syenite pegmatites which ...

Abstract. The climate in Svalbard is undergoing amplified change compared to the global mean. This has major implications for runoff from glaciers and seasonal snow on land. We use a coupled energy balance–subsurface model, ...

Intrusive rocks of the Green Foyaite Suite make up a substantial fraction of the southern part of the Pilanesberg Complex. The rocks range from fine-grained foliated foyaites (nepheline syenites) with clinopyroxenes ...

The Hardangervidda – Ryfylke Nappe Complex is a dominant element in the southwestern segment of the Norwegian Caledonides. The section in Røldal includes a Proterozoic basement, with the following over-thrusted allochthonous ...

Smeaheia is a proposed site for long-term storage of CO2. The site is located on the Horda Platform off the western coast of Norway, situated between the Vette and Øygarden Faults. The burial and uplift history of a basin ...

Sedimenter i Edvard Grieg-feltet ble dannet for 200 millioner år siden. Gjentatte flomperioder har brakt store mengder sedimenter som ble avsatt som stor vifteavsetninger (såkalte alluvialevifter) langs dalsidene. Viftene ...

Abstract. Ice-wedge polygons are common features of lowland tundra in the continuous permafrost zone and prone to rapid degradation through melting of ground ice. There are many interrelated processes involved in ice-wedge ...

Miocene–Pliocene sedimentary rocks in the Mecca Hills, southern California, were uplifted and deformed by transpression along a restraining bend in the San Andreas fault trace between the Orocopia and San Bernardino Mountains ...

By using a direct Lagrangian formulation, two different solutions for the nonlinear motion in inviscid internal gravity waves between horizontal planes in a non-rotating fluid are discussed. The first solution assumes a ...

In the contemporary world, many environmental and water resources related decisions rely upon wide range of modelling results. However, models are simplified representations of reality and their predictions are generally ...

All countries are affected by natural hazards in different ways. The recently launched Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Sentinel-1 A and B twin satellites provides large amounts of high-resolution radar data due to their, ...

Nearly three decades ago paleomagnetists suggested that there existed a clear link between latitude dependence of geomagnetic paleosecular variation (PSV) and reversal frequency. Here we compare the latitude behavior of ...

Rock physics analyses of data from a wildcat well 7117/9-1 drilled in the Senja Ridge area, located in the Norwegian Barents Sea, reveal changes in stiffness within the fine-grained Paleogene Sotbakken Group sediments, ...

To examine the impact of preexisting weaknesses on fracture coalescence during volcanic edifice deformation, we triaxially compressed Mount Etna basalt while acquiring in situ dynamic X‐ray microtomograms and calculated ...

De senere år har flere steder i Norge blitt rammet av masseførende flommer som har gjort stor skade på infrastruktur og bebyggelse. Dette er ikke bare veldig kostbart, men utgjør også en belastning for personer som bor i ...

The North Sea area has been subjected to significant erosion and subsequent deposition of sediments in the basin margin and deeper basin areas, respectively, during the late Neogene. A large amount of Cretaceous-early ...

The mean drift in spatially damped long gravity waves at the boundary between two layers of immiscible viscous fluids is investigated theoretically by applying a Lagrangian description of motion. The focus of the paper is ...

Monitoring microseismic activity provides a window through which to observe reservoir deformation during hydrocarbon and geothermal energy production, or CO2 injection and storage. Specifically, microseismic monitoring may ...

Løsmasseskred har potensiale til å forårsake stor skade på mennesker, bygninger og infrastruktur. Slike hendelser ansees derfor som et potensielt stort samfunnsproblem. Hyppigheten av skredhendelser er i tillegg forventet ...

Subduction zone processes and the resulting geometries at depth are widely studied by large- scale geophysical imaging techniques. The subsequent interpretations are dependent on information from surface exposures of fossil ...

Large-scale magmatic events like the emplacement of the North Atlantic Igneous Province (NAIP) are often coincident with periods of extreme climate change such as the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). One proxy ...

In this study, we combine remote sensing, in situ and model-derived datasets from 1966 to 2014 to calculate the mass-balance components of Kronebreen, a fast-flowing tidewater glacier in Svalbard. For the well-surveyed ...

It is now more than 50 years since Tuzo Wilson published his paper asking ‘Did the Atlantic close and then re-open?’. This led to the ‘Wilson Cycle’ concept in which the repeated opening and closing of ocean basins along ...

The traditional airgun source has for a long time been the preferred type of source in marine seismic data acquisition due to its high impulsive pressure output. However, this impulsive energy has recently been of concern ...

We provide an independent test for the proposed pre-breakup fits between the South American and African continental margins based on new palaeomagnetic data. In the course of modelling the opening of the South Atlantic ...

Although the Triassic-Jurassic sandstones of the Realgrunnen Subgroup form the primary reservoir units in the Barents Sea, there are relatively few published studies targeting these formations in the central and northern ...

The Lofoten Basin in the eastern Nordic Seas plays a central role in modifying the warm Atlantic Water inflow toward the Arctic Ocean. Here, the Atlantic Water experiences increased residence times, cooling, and substantial ...

Kongsfjorden, in the Spitsbergen, is 26 km long and surrounded with glaciers with different dynamic behavior. Mass balance of the entire glacierized area of Kongsfjord basin is +0.23 m w.e. a-1 over the period 1980-2016 ...

Underestimation of the proportion of supercooled liquid in mixed‐phase clouds in climate models has called into question its impact on Arctic climate change. We show that correcting for this bias in the CESM model can ...

First‐order variations in sea level exhibit amplitudes of ∼200 m over periods that coincide with those of supercontinental cycles (∼300–500 Myr). Proposed mechanisms for this sea level change include processes that change ...

The evolution of the Øygarden Fault Complex (ØFC) footwall is studied using tectonostratigraphic analysis of 3D seismic reflection data. The footwall is comprised of a North-South trending graben bounded by three reactivated ...

Glacier flow instabilities can rapidly increase sea level through enhanced ice discharge. Surge-type glacier accelerations often occur with a decadal to centennial cyclicity suggesting internal mechanisms responsible. ...

Marine transform faults and associated fracture zones (MTFFZs) cover vast stretches of the ocean floor, where they play a key role in plate tectonics, accommodating the lateral movement of tectonic plates and allowing ...

The main objectives of this thesis were to study basalt alteration and formation of secondary phases and their implications on Mars (Paper I), and potential consequences for petroleum reservoirs influenced by the presence ...

Every year Norwegians produce tons of waste by extracting resources, producing products with short lifespans and disposing after the product end of life. This is not a sustainable model for our society, and many countries ...

Torsion experiments were performed in polycrystalline ice at high temperature (0.97 Tm) to reproduce the simple shear kinematics that are believed to dominate in ice streams and at the base of fast-flowing glaciers. As ...

This paper reviews the geometrical and mechanical evolution of selected groups of kinematic indicators that are frequently used for inferring large-scale geodynamics but are prone to ambiguous shear sense interpretations: ...

The impacts of enhanced heterogeneous ice nucleation (HET) on the properties of deep convective clouds (DCCs) have been investigated in cloud‐resolving simulations with the WRF‐CHEM model. The study focuses on a case ...

Abstract. The Himalayan Mountains are the source region of one of the world's largest supplies of freshwater. The changes in glacier melt may lead to droughts as well as floods in the Himalayan basins, which are vulnerable ...

Volcanoes are a potential hazard to over 750 million people worldwide. Accessing them to install monitoring equipment can be logistically challenging and dangerous. Traditional monitoring equipment is expensive and not ...

Nanograins (≪1 μm) are common in the principal slip zones of natural and experimental faults, but their formation and influence on fault mechanical behavior are poorly understood. We performed transmission Kikuchi diffraction ...

Cratons are the oldest parts of the lithosphere, some of them surviving since Archean. Their long-term survival has sometimes been attributed to high viscosity and low density. In our study, we use a numerical model to ...

Sea ice is highly complex due to the inhomogeneity of the physical properties (e.g. temperature and salinity) as well as the permeability and mixture of water and a matrix of sea ice and/or sea ice crystals. Such complexity ...

Many of our planet's “crises” were the result of sudden changes in plate tectonic configuration or catastrophic outbursts of volcanism caused by mantle plume impingement at the base of the lithosphere. At the Paleocene-Eocene ...

Subducting plates release fluids as they plunge into Earth’s mantle and occasionally rupture to produce intraslab earthquakes. It is debated whether fluids and earthquakes are directly related. By combining seismic ...

During progressive burial, low permeability organic-rich shale rocks evolve chemically and physically as the temperature and stress increase and organic matter matures. The transformation of organic matter into hydrocarbon, ...

We investigate the evolving distribution of strain produced by a sliding fault within intact crystalline rock, and the energetics of deformation that occur both on- and off-fault. We slid precut faults of differing roughness ...

Unconformities, by definition, correspond to erosional or nondepositional surfaces, which separate older strata below, from younger rocks above, encapsulating significant time gaps. However, recent studies have highlighted ...