The PhD thesis is a collection of four articles that investigate the controls of syn- and post-kinematic faulting on reservoirs. Case studies from the Barents Shelf are presented (Svalbard and the Hammerfest Basin). Offshore ...

Volcanoes are both threat to life and source of economic wealth, however little is known about the processes in the Earth’s crust leading to their origin. Laboratory models are used to shed light on the otherwise inaccessible ...

Rock salt creeps under shear at the low temperatures encountered close to the surface. Salt flow is problematic for any cavity, like caverns or wells, because of the time dependent closure it induces if the internal hole ...

Den tektomagmatiske aktiviteten i Oslofeltet startet i slutten av karbon og endte muligens så sent som i trias. Tidspunktet for da den tektomagmatiske aktiviteten startet, er godt begrenset, både ved biostratigrafi og ved ...

The Mandawa Basin situated in south coastal Tanzania, has been a site for scientific research since the 1900s and a prospect for hydrocarbon exploration from the 1950s. The basin is located approximately 80 km west of the ...

With dense SAR satellite data time series it is possible to map surface and subsurface glacier properties that vary in time. On Sentinel-1A and RADARSAT-2 backscatter time series images over mainland Norway and Svalbard, ...

This PhD aims primarily to assess the long-term sealing capabilities of shaly seal rock units overlying potential adequate CO2 storage reservoirs. The motivation for the project has been that in order to reduce CO2 emissions ...

Stable water isotopes have become a key element in hydrological and atmospheric research topics. Hydrologists aim to close the water cycle, and the improvement of measurement techniques and models makes that they come ...

The goal of this thesis is to estimate the amount of extension and displacement across faults using geometrical constraints. The mapped area is dominated by middle Ordovician to lower Silurian sediments folded during the ...

The water cycle and its extremes are heavily affected by human activities, such as reservoirs operations and water abstractions. The aim of this study was to evaluate impacts of human interventions (HI) on the water cycle ...

Microscopic plant remains (spores and pollen) allow us to trace vegetation and detect environmental, especially climatic changes from deep time in the geological past. The Late Triassic (237-201 Ma) period is marked by an ...

Here we use an Earth system model with interactive biogeochemistry to project future ocean biogeochemistry impacts from the large-scale deployment of three different radiation management (RM) climate engineering (also known ...

Kvart år er snøskred observert nær, eller i Longyearbyen, den største tettstaden på Svalbard, og gjer ei kontinuerleg utvikling av risikohandtering, gjennom forskning og erfaring, høgst relevant. I denne oppgåva er fire ...

Direct snow depth measurements are sparse, especially in remote areas. In this study, we assess the potential of ICESat laser altimetry for providing snow depths for its operational period 2003–2009 on the example of the ...

We use numerical simulations to investigate the evolution of sheath folds around slip surfaces in simple‐shear‐dominated monoclinic shear zones. A variety of sheath fold shapes develops under general shear, including tubular ...

Recent severe European droughts raise the vital question: are we already experiencing measurable changes in drought likelihood that agree with climate change projections? The plethora of drought definitions compounds this ...

In this paper, a process‐based analytical derivation approach is proposed to perform a nonstationary analysis for annual runoff distribution by taking into account the information of nonstationarities in both hydrological ...

The Loppa High area has been subject to several events of uplift and subsidence from the Late Paleozoic to Present. The driving mechanisms behind the vertical movements, however, are not fully understood. We propose that ...

Statistical downscaling is useful for managing scale and resolution problems in outputs from global climate models (GCMs) for climate change impact studies. To improve downscaling of precipitation occurrence, this study ...

The principles of signals from vibrators have been investigated over half a century, however such sources are rarely applied in a marine environment. The objective of this thesis is to study the modeling of the pressure ...

Satellite measurements of coseismic displacements are typically based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry or amplitude tracking, or based on optical data such as from Landsat, Sentinel-2, SPOT, ASTER, very ...

An updated magnetic anomaly grid of the NE Atlantic and an improved database of magnetic anomaly and fracture zone identifications allow the kinematic history of this region to be revisited. At break-up time, continental ...

The climate research community uses atmospheric reanalysis data sets to understand a wide range of processes and variability in the atmosphere, yet different reanalyses may give very different results for the same diagnostics. ...

Cone-in-cone (CIC) and beef (BF) carbonate lenses ornament detachment zone faults underlying Triassic growth basins on Edgeøya. Field relationships place CIC and BF growth as during early diagenesis and a transition from ...

We have addressed the seismic data denoising problem, in which the noise is random and has an unknown spatiotemporally varying variance. In seismic data processing, random noise is often attenuated using transform-based ...

The rate at which global mean sea level (GMSL) rose during the 20th century is uncertain, with little consensus between various reconstructions that indicate rates of rise ranging from 1.3 to 2 mm⋅y−1. Here we present a ...

The Early to Middle Jurassic Stø Formation is the most commercially important sandstones reservoir in the Barents Sea. Stø Formation was deposited in a relatively shallow epicontinental sea in northern Pangea. One of the ...

Although partial melt in the asthenosphere is important geodynamically, geophysical constraints on its abundance remain ambiguous. We use a database of seamounts detected using satellite altimetry to constrain the temporal ...

The Eggvin Bank, located between the Jan Mayen Island and Greenland, is an unusually shallow area containing several submarine volcanic peaks, confined by two transforms on the Northern Kolbeinsey Ridge (NKR). We represent ...

We investigate initiation and evolution of sheath folds developing in multilayer sequences around slip surfaces in simple shear. The slip surface is initially circular and oriented at 135° to the shearing direction. The ...

Background: Over the last two decades, progress in prevention and treatment of caries and periodontal diseases has been translated to better oral health and improved tooth retention in the adult population. The ageing ...

Saprock-saprolite associations were studied by field and laboratory methods (optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe) in order to describe regolith development in the ...

Concentration times in small and medium-sized basins (∼10–1000 km2) are commonly less than 24 h. Flood-forecasting models are thus required to provide simulations at high temporal resolutions (1 h–6 h), although time-series ...

The Lower Miocene Nukhul Formation was deposited early during early stages of Gulf of Suez rifting. Outcrop of this Formation at Gebel el Zeit, Egypt is up to 100 m (328 ft) thick and consist of lower sandstone-dominated ...

Lusi is a sediment‐hosted hydrothermal system featuring clastic‐dominated geyser‐like eruption behavior in East Java, Indonesia. We use 10 months of ambient seismic noise cross correlations from 30 temporary seismic stations ...

Seismic reflection data along volcanic passive margins frequently provide imaging of strong and laterally continuous reflections in the middle and lower crust. We have completed a detailed 2‐D seismic interpretation of the ...

The processes that form and recycle continental crust have changed through time. Numerical models reveal an evolution from extensive recycling on early Earth as the lower crust peeled away, to limited recycling via slab ...

Several studies have been conducted since last 50 years to understand the crustal architecture of the passive margins. The conjugate passive margins along Indian Ocean are very less surveyed and studied due to geographical ...

Chemical analyzes and observations give new information on the formation of the Sc-silicate thortveitite in the Evje-Iveland pegmatite field. A correlation between a muscovite- or biotite dominated pegmatite and the ...

In recent years, water shortage is becoming one of the most serious problems in the Poyang Lake. In this paper, the long-term water balance items of the Poyang Lake have been analyzed to reveal the coupling effects of Three ...

Permafrost is present in several parts of Norway and contributes to binding mountain rock walls together, as well as storing potential greenhouse gasses as organic carbon in mires. Global climate changes influence the ...

This thesis presents a simple binary filter method for feature extraction and fault enhancement of fault attribute data. Fault attributes are commonly used in structural interpretive studies to detect faults. However, they ...

We have evaluated the magnitude and makeup of error in cryospheric radiation observations due to small sensor misalignment in in situ measurements of solar irradiance. This error is examined through simulation of diffuse ...

In recent years extreme winter warming events have been reported in arctic areas. These events are characterized as extraordinarily warm weather episodes, occasionally combined with intense rainfall, causing ecological ...

It is generally accepted that drought is one of the most costly weather‐related natural hazards. In 2015, a long‐lasting drought hit Europe, particularly affecting central and eastern Europe. In some regions it was the ...

Geologically, the Barents Sea with deep sedimentary basins, highs and platforms is a complex mosaic and formed as a result of different geologic and tectonic processes with complex geological history. The history of the ...

Global sea level has changed cyclically throughout Earth's history due to a variety of mechanisms that operate on a variety of timescales. Here we attempt to place constraints on the “actual” number of sea-level cycles ...

The development of modelling tools for estimating stomatal uptake of surface ozone in vegetation is important for the assessment of potential damage induced due to both current and future near surface ozone concentrations. ...

Glacier dynamics play an important role in the mass balance of many glaciers, ice caps and ice sheets. In this study we exploit Radarsat-2 (RS-2) Wide Fine (WF) data to determine the surface speed of Svalbard glaciers in ...

In plate tectonics scientists study the present and past motions of the lithospheric plates over the Earth’s surface. The reconstruction of the location and orientation of the continents and oceans in deep time is referred ...

Classical models of lithosphere thinning predict deep synrift basins covered by wider and thinner post‐rift deposits. However, synextensional uplift and/or erosion of the crust are widely documented in nature (e.g. the ...

The strong winds prevalent in high altitude and arctic environments heavily redistribute the snow cover, causing a small-scale pattern of highly variable snow depths. This has profound implications for the ground thermal ...

Observations at surface sites show an increase in global mean surface methane (CH4) of about 180 parts per billion (ppb) (above 10 %) over the period 1984–2012. Over this period there are large fluctuations in the annual ...

Basal pressure has been recorded at the Svartisen Subglacial Laboratory, northern Norway, for 20 years, and is measured by load cells installed at the ice–rock interface under ∼200 m of glacier ice. Synchronous pressure ...

Quartz cementation and precipitation of clays are two of the most porosity and permeability reducing processes in the Brent Group sediments. Dissolved feldspar and authigenic kaolinite occur at shallow depths as a function ...

Capping, the placement of uncontaminated (clean) sediments over contaminated sediments, has been practiced in the last three decades as ecologically friendly and cost efficient remediation technique. The polluted, formerly ...

Lower Jurassic Cook Formation is an important hydrocarbon reservoir in northern North Sea due to its anomalously high porosity at depths around 3000 meters. This study presents information about the depositional environment, ...

Outcrops in the central and southern Mandawa Basin have been examined and studied in detail, with the emphasis on describing facies and facies associations. This has been done to provide information about the depositional ...

Observational data from 61 moorings was used to decompose vertical velocity fields into its modal components using two different approaches, one assuming a flat bottom ocean and one assuming an ocean with rough topography. ...

We assess how reliable the Eddy-Covariance (EC) method is in estimating surface fluxes under the difficult conditions that occur in the high Arctic. Emphasis is placed on stable stratification and the breakdown of EC ...

The influence of diminishing sea ice and increased aerosol number concentration on low clouds over the Beaufort Sea, north of Canada and Alaska, has been investigated by use of a formulation of the Weather Research and ...

The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE) has an ambition of introducing energy balance snow melt modelling in their hydrological models, preferably on a finer resolution than daily in order to account for ...

The Scandinavian Caledonides have been long studied, yet their ever unfolding complexity renders them far from being fully understood. It has been recognized that the Caledonian Allochthons have neither a linear nor ...

Mining activity has been the main support for the economy in Folldal, Hedmark, during more than two centuries due to the extraction of copper, zinc and sulfur that rebounded in the industrial and social development of the ...

This is the first study to determine the density of questing Ixodes ricinus in northern Norway. It was performed at two sites in Brønnøy, which has been known for its tick permissive habitats for decades and is one of the ...

CO2 storage is considered as one of the most promising solutions to overcome global increase in temperature. In order to ensure the safety of the sequestrated CO2, several geophysical monitoring methods are required, among ...

Recently, population and development approach closer to mountainous regions and other landslide prone areas. Since landslides produce loss of life and damaging to property, monitoring and analysing the runout behaviour of ...

Pore pressure in fine-grained rocks is important with respect to drilling problems such as kicks, blowouts, borehole instability, stuck pipe and lost circulation. In this study, a succession of overpressured, fine-grained, ...

This project aims to increase the understanding of reservoir quality of the Stø and Nordmela Formations in the Skrugard well (7220/8-1) in the SW Barents Sea. The selected interval from 1292.3 m to 1404.25 m in the Skrugard ...

Climate is one of the major factors controlling agricultural productivity in Africa. Changes in meteorological variables such as rising temperatures, changes in precipitation and increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide ...

Amplified warming at high latitudes over the past few decades has led to changes in the boreal and Arctic climate system such as structural changes in high-latitude ecosystems and soil moisture properties. These changes ...

A key focus of this thesis is if migrated bitumen from Lower to Middle Jurassic and Cretaceous age sandstones in the 6609/11-1, 6610/7-1 and the 6609/5-1 wells in the Helgeland Basin might originate from Devonian source ...

Two-dimensional seismic data and a regional seismic sequence analysis of the Paleocene succession in the southwestern Barents Sea are presented and discussed. The Paleogene Torsk Formation is bounded by a Cretaceous – ...

This dissertation investigates the physical structure of the crust and upper mantle in southwestern Scandinavia using different seismological and non-seismologic geophysical methods: 1. The S-wave velocity structure of ...

Sedimentary successions of Permo-Triassic to Early Cretaceous age have been studied in core 16/1-13 from the Edvard Grieg Field, located on the Utsira High, in the North Sea. Sedimentary field data combined with petrographical ...

Palsas are permafrost mounds in mires with a core of ice, widespread situated in the sporadic permafrost zone. A tendency towards decay of palsa mires since the second half of the 20th century has been observed in Fennoscandia. ...

Sammendrag På verdensbasis forekommer det skredkatastrofer som utgjør en kontinuerlig fare for menneskeliv og infrastruktur lokalisert i nærområdene. Det er oftest land med svak utviklet økonomi og med lavere grad av sosial ...

Measurements of atmospheric nitrogen oxides NOx (NOx = NO + NO2), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), NOy, and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) were taken at the Greenland Environmental Observatory at Summit (GEOSummit) station, ...

Denne masteroppgaven er en fortsettelse av et nylig igangsatt overvåkningsprogram av Marthabreen på Svalbard. På grunn av kullutvinning i Svea, særlig den nye gruva i Lunckefjell godkjent i 2011, er det nødvendig å undersøke ...

Assessment of advantages and limitations of rockfall models require in-depth-knowledge in the rockfall field, testing of model with field investigated data, as well as understanding rockfall mechanics. This thesis intends ...

The study area is located in the Bjørnøya basin, the southwestern Barents Sea. It is surrounded by the Loppa High and Sub-platform to the east and southeast, the Veslemøy high to the west and to the north by the Bjørnøyrenna ...