Rock salt creeps under shear at the low temperatures encountered close to the surface. Salt flow is problematic for any cavity, like caverns or wells, because of the time dependent closure it induces if the internal hole ...

Seismic signals are generally spread across many data samples of the recorded data. Applying a mathematical transformation to the data can however concentrate them on few samples only of the transform domain. Such ...

With dense SAR satellite data time series it is possible to map surface and subsurface glacier properties that vary in time. On Sentinel-1A and RADARSAT-2 backscatter time series images over mainland Norway and Svalbard, ...

The PhD thesis is a collection of four articles that investigate the controls of syn- and post-kinematic faulting on reservoirs. Case studies from the Barents Shelf are presented (Svalbard and the Hammerfest Basin). Offshore ...

We used a finite element model to interpret anti-correlated pressure variations at the base of a glacier to demonstrate the importance of stress redistribution in the basal ice. We first investigated two pairs of load cells ...

This work presents a study on the interrelationship of burial diagenesis, depositional facies, the origin and distribution of diagenetic clay minerals, and diagenesis in sediment–sill sequences, as well as the thermal ...

Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSW) affect the chemistry and dynamics of the middle atmosphere. Major warmings occur roughly every second winter in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), but has only been observed once in the ...

In the last couple of years many Earth observation satellites with optical instruments have been set in space. These satellites generate an enormous amount of data and give us a image of different landforms on Earth. The ...

Concentration times in small and medium-sized basins (∼10–1000 km2) are commonly less than 24 h. Flood-forecasting models are thus required to provide simulations at high temporal resolutions (1 h–6 h), although time-series ...

Background: Over the last two decades, progress in prevention and treatment of caries and periodontal diseases has been translated to better oral health and improved tooth retention in the adult population. The ageing ...

Saprock-saprolite associations were studied by field and laboratory methods (optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe) in order to describe regolith development in the ...

The Lower Miocene Nukhul Formation was deposited early during early stages of Gulf of Suez rifting. Outcrop of this Formation at Gebel el Zeit, Egypt is up to 100 m (328 ft) thick and consist of lower sandstone-dominated ...

Seismic reflection data along volcanic passive margins frequently provide imaging of strong and laterally continuous reflections in the middle and lower crust. We have completed a detailed 2‐D seismic interpretation of the ...

Lusi is a sediment‐hosted hydrothermal system featuring clastic‐dominated geyser‐like eruption behavior in East Java, Indonesia. We use 10 months of ambient seismic noise cross correlations from 30 temporary seismic stations ...

Direct snow depth measurements are sparse, especially in remote areas. In this study, we assess the potential of ICESat laser altimetry for providing snow depths for its operational period 2003–2009 on the example of the ...

In this paper, a process‐based analytical derivation approach is proposed to perform a nonstationary analysis for annual runoff distribution by taking into account the information of nonstationarities in both hydrological ...

The Loppa High area has been subject to several events of uplift and subsidence from the Late Paleozoic to Present. The driving mechanisms behind the vertical movements, however, are not fully understood. We propose that ...

Advances and retreats of mountain glaciers in Arctic and alpine areas are one of the most visible signs of climatic changes. Glaciers therefore play an important role as sensitive climate change indicators. Glacier products ...

Alum- and black shales are lithologies rich in sulphides and trace elements including uranium, and may pose harm to the environment during weathering. Acidification of surface- and groundwater and swelling may occur. During ...

Utsiktene til økt hyppighet av ekstremvær som følge av klimaendringer gjør at flom og flomskader har fått større oppmerksomhet de senere år. Disse utsiktene gjør at flom og flomhåndtering har fått en viktig plass i kommunalt ...

Albedo is a fundamental parameter in earth sciences, and many analyses utilize the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF)/albedo (MCD43) algorithms. ...

Våtsnøskred og sørpeskred er to naturfarer som utgjør fare for liv og har store samfunnsøkonomiske konsekvenser i Norge. Begge skredtypene utløses normalt på grunn av at vanninnholdet i snødekket øker, slik at snødekkets ...

We have addressed the seismic data denoising problem, in which the noise is random and has an unknown spatiotemporally varying variance. In seismic data processing, random noise is often attenuated using transform-based ...

The rate at which global mean sea level (GMSL) rose during the 20th century is uncertain, with little consensus between various reconstructions that indicate rates of rise ranging from 1.3 to 2 mm⋅y−1. Here we present a ...

The Eggvin Bank, located between the Jan Mayen Island and Greenland, is an unusually shallow area containing several submarine volcanic peaks, confined by two transforms on the Northern Kolbeinsey Ridge (NKR). We represent ...

Although partial melt in the asthenosphere is important geodynamically, geophysical constraints on its abundance remain ambiguous. We use a database of seamounts detected using satellite altimetry to constrain the temporal ...

The Early Eocene continental breakup was magma-rich and formed part of the North Atlantic Igneous Province. Extrusive and intrusive magmatism was abundant on the continental side, and a thick oceanic crust was produced up ...

Two cases of severe thunderstorms that impacted the Oslo area have been investigated. The thunderstorms occurred during the summer of 2014, an extraordinary summer with record high temperatures, number of lightning strikes ...

Steinsprang er en geofare definert ved enkeltblokker av stein som løsner fra bratte fjellsider og som beveger seg nedover fjellsiden enten ved å falle, sprette, rulle eller gli. Steinsprang tar ikke mange liv, men kan ...

The Cambrian-Ordovician boundary interval within Alum Shale at Krekling, Norway, is for the first time investigated for biostratigraphy. Samples were taken from the Alum Shale levels, within the almost continuous succession ...

Målet med dette studiet var å finne den naturlige miljøtilstanden i dypassenget i Lurefjorden på Vestlandet, endringer i miljøstatus gjennom tid og akkumulasjonsraten til organisk karbon i Lurefjorden ble også kalkulert. ...

This study presents the tectonic analysis of deformation structures in Slemmestad area. The study area lies in the southwest of Oslo. The analysis is conducted to better understand the fracture development and deformation ...

Here we use an Earth system model with interactive biogeochemistry to project future ocean biogeochemistry impacts from the large-scale deployment of three different radiation management (RM) climate engineering (also known ...

Kvart år er snøskred observert nær, eller i Longyearbyen, den største tettstaden på Svalbard, og gjer ei kontinuerleg utvikling av risikohandtering, gjennom forskning og erfaring, høgst relevant. I denne oppgåva er fire ...

Statistical downscaling is useful for managing scale and resolution problems in outputs from global climate models (GCMs) for climate change impact studies. To improve downscaling of precipitation occurrence, this study ...

The Early to Middle Jurassic Stø Formation is the most commercially important sandstones reservoir in the Barents Sea. Stø Formation was deposited in a relatively shallow epicontinental sea in northern Pangea. One of the ...

An updated magnetic anomaly grid of the NE Atlantic and an improved database of magnetic anomaly and fracture zone identifications allow the kinematic history of this region to be revisited. At break-up time, continental ...

Satellite measurements of coseismic displacements are typically based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry or amplitude tracking, or based on optical data such as from Landsat, Sentinel-2, SPOT, ASTER, very ...

The climate research community uses atmospheric reanalysis data sets to understand a wide range of processes and variability in the atmosphere, yet different reanalyses may give very different results for the same diagnostics. ...

The geology of the Orkney Islands is dominated by well-studied Devonian sedimentary rocks deposited in the Orcadian basin. However, on the islands of Mainland Orkney and Graemsay there are small, relatively poorly studied ...

The principles of signals from vibrators have been investigated over half a century, however such sources are rarely applied in a marine environment. The objective of this thesis is to study the modeling of the pressure ...

Pockmarks are seafloor craters usually formed during methane release on continental margins. However, the mechanisms behind their formation and dynamics remain elusive. Here we report detailed investigations on one of the ...

Nye metoder for å analysere laserdata fra NASA-satellitten ICESat viser hvor mye isbreer smelter, og hvor mye snø det ligger på bakken. Dette gir oss økt forståelse om forhold i områder som ellers er vanskelig tilgjengelige. ...

A new regional compilation of seamount-like oceanic igneous features (SOIFs) in the NE Atlantic points to three distinct oceanic areas of abundant seamount clusters. Seamounts on oceanic crust dated 54–50 Ma are formed on ...

Organic geochemical analyses of rocks, oils, condensates and gas can be used to infer the diversity of petroleum compositions. This has implication for the understanding of petroleum systems and can provide useful data for ...

The geoscience community is increasingly utilizing seismic tomography to interpret mantle heterogeneity and its links to past tectonic and geodynamic processes. To assess the robustness and distribution of positive seismic ...

We have developed a method for suppressing coherent noise from seismic data by using the morphological differences between the noise and the signal. This method consists of three steps: First, we applied a dictionary ...

Old images are a valuable source of information in Geosciences. They provide information on the state of an object or phenomenon at a given time. Datasets of the past are produced according to old data standards optimized ...

Europe has warmed faster than the rest of the globe during the last decades, especially when considering trends for each season separately. In addition to warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions, the atmospheric circulation ...

Marine cloud brightening through sea spray injection has been proposed as a climate engineering method for avoiding the most severe consequences of global warming. A limitation of most of the previous modelling studies on ...

Tectonic inversion of rift basins is most commonly reported in the literature to occur after rifting has ceased. In contrast, we present evidence for synrift, localized tectonic inversion from the Loppa High area, southwestern ...

Soil moisture plays an essential role in the land surface energy balance, ap- portioning the available energy into latent and sensible heat. As an impor- tant boundary for the atmosphere, accurate initialization of the ...

The thesis quantifies the peak ground acceleration (PGA) required to cause large rock avalanches in the western rangefront of the Southern Alps in New Zealand, which will improve understanding of the hazard posed by ...

The Larvik plutonic complex is an intrusive suite within the Palaeozoic Oslo Rift, Norway, consisting of ten individual ring sections of monzonite (larvikite) and lardalite. The Bjønnes nepheline syenite is a relatively ...

Sammendrag Metodene for utarbeidelse av vårflomvarsler har vært gjenstand for lite forandring. De siste årene har det vært en utvikling mot å prøve å forbedre disse metodene. Det er gjort studier for forbedring av modellene, ...

The continuation of the Caledonides into the Barents Sea has long been a subject of discussion, and two major orientations of the Caledonian deformation fronts have been suggested: NNW-SSE striking and NE-SW striking. A ...

Beregning av dimensjonerende flomverdier (20-1000-årsflommer) er et krav ved bygging av dammer, infrastrukturer og arealplanlegging. Robuste og pålitelige beregninger er viktig for korrekte risikovurderinger og for å ta ...

Fastmerker etableres for å oppnå et stabilt punkt med så lav punktdeformasjon som mulig. Så langt det er mulig velges også områder med faste, stabile masser for plassering av fastmerker. Av flere årsaker kan det likevel ...

Mud volcanism, or sedimentary volcanism, represents one of the most intriguing phenomena of the Earth's crust, with important implications in energy resource exploration, seismicity, geo-hazard and atmospheric budget of ...

The analysis of surface deformation associated with intruding magma has become an established method to study subsurface processes and intrusion architecture. Active subsurface magmatism induces deformation that is commonly ...

Understanding of long-term dynamics of glaciers and ice caps is vital to assess their recent and future changes, yet few long-term reconstructions using ice flow models exist. Here we present simulations of the maritime ...

The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) system on board the Terra (EOS AM-1) satellite has been a source of stereoscopic images covering the whole globe at 15-m resolution with consistent ...

The emplacement of igneous intrusions into sedimentary basins mechanically deforms the host rocks and causes hydrocarbon maturation. Existing models of host-rock deformation are investigated using high-quality 3D seismic ...

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The mid-Norwegian margin is regarded as an example of a volcanic-rifted margin, formed prior to and during, Paleogene breakup of the northeast Atlantic. The area is characterized by the presence of voluminous basaltic ...

The emplacement of large intrusive complexes into sedimentary basins can have profound effects on host sedimentary rocks including deformation, thermal aureole metamorphic reactions, alteration of fluid-flow pathways, and ...

Continental rifting is often associated with voluminous magmatism and perturbations in the Earth's climate. In this study, we use 2D seismic data from the northeast Greenland margin to document two Paleogene-aged sill ...

Voluminous igneous complexes are commonly present in sedimentary basins on volcanic rifted margins, and they represent a challenge for petroleum explorationists. A 2500 km2 industry-standard 3D seismic cube has recently ...

Vent structures are intimately associated with sill intrusions in sedimentary basins globally and are thought to have been formed contemporaneously due to overpressure generated by gas generation during thermogenic breakdown ...

Continental breakup between northwest Europe and Greenland (approximately 56 Ma) was associated with widespread magmatism. Silica undersaturated alkaline porphyritic igneous rocks of a similar age have previously been ...

The common-reflection-surface (CRS) method offers a stack with higher signal-to-noise ratio at the cost of a time-consuming semblance search to obtain the stacking parameters. We have developed a fast method for extracting ...

Airborne electromagnetics (AEM) is a geophysical investigation method used to make resistivity models of the subsurface, for ground investigations related to various types of projects. It was originally developed as an ...