Previous studies showed the importance to have information about the vertical distribution of precipitation to simulate snow and related cyclone development correctly in regional, mesoscale models. During Christmas 2016, ...

The study area is located north of Iceland in the Jan Mayen-East Greenland area, NE Atlantic. It has a number of magmatic productions. Magmatism in Iceland is related to a mantle plume bringing hot mantle up from deeper ...

With dense SAR satellite data time series it is possible to map surface and subsurface glacier properties that vary in time. On Sentinel-1A and RADARSAT-2 backscatter time series images over mainland Norway and Svalbard, ...

Den tektomagmatiske aktiviteten i Oslofeltet startet i slutten av karbon og endte muligens så sent som i trias. Tidspunktet for da den tektomagmatiske aktiviteten startet, er godt begrenset, både ved biostratigrafi og ved ...

Mobility of sand by fluidization, so-called sand tectonics, can drive surface movements and thereby have a significant impact on depositional environments. Deformation related to sand mobilization is a typical understudied ...

This PhD aims primarily to assess the long-term sealing capabilities of shaly seal rock units overlying potential adequate CO2 storage reservoirs. The motivation for the project has been that in order to reduce CO2 emissions ...

Stable water isotopes have become a key element in hydrological and atmospheric research topics. Hydrologists aim to close the water cycle, and the improvement of measurement techniques and models makes that they come ...

The water cycle and its extremes are heavily affected by human activities, such as reservoirs operations and water abstractions. The aim of this study was to evaluate impacts of human interventions (HI) on the water cycle ...

The Mandawa Basin situated in south coastal Tanzania, has been a site for scientific research since the 1900s and a prospect for hydrocarbon exploration from the 1950s. The basin is located approximately 80 km west of the ...

Sedimentary rocks from the Grønsennknippa area, located in Vestre Slidre in Valdres, have been studied by field investigations, remote sensing and laboratory techniques. The tectonostratigraphic setting has been briefly ...

The PhD thesis is a collection of four articles that investigate the controls of syn- and post-kinematic faulting on reservoirs. Case studies from the Barents Shelf are presented (Svalbard and the Hammerfest Basin). Offshore ...

Volcanoes are both threat to life and source of economic wealth, however little is known about the processes in the Earth’s crust leading to their origin. Laboratory models are used to shed light on the otherwise inaccessible ...

Rock salt creeps under shear at the low temperatures encountered close to the surface. Salt flow is problematic for any cavity, like caverns or wells, because of the time dependent closure it induces if the internal hole ...

The goal of this thesis is to estimate the amount of extension and displacement across faults using geometrical constraints. The mapped area is dominated by middle Ordovician to lower Silurian sediments folded during the ...

Dynamical runout models are essential tools in landslide hazard and risk assessment, because they allow us to simulate the motion of past landslides and to predict the motion of future landslides. Runout distances obtained ...

Microscopic plant remains (spores and pollen) allow us to trace vegetation and detect environmental, especially climatic changes from deep time in the geological past. The Late Triassic (237-201 Ma) period is marked by an ...

Seismic signals are generally spread across many data samples of the recorded data. Applying a mathematical transformation to the data can however concentrate them on few samples only of the transform domain. Such ...

Fracture networks inside geological CO2 storage reservoirs can serve as primary fluid flow conduit, particularly in low-permeability formations. While some experiments focused on the geophysical properties of brine- and ...

CO2 sequestration in geological formations is a promising technology and a crucial measure to reduce CO2 emissions across the energy system. It is an essential part of the solution for mitigating climate change caused by ...

This study assesses changes in glacier area, velocity, and geodetic mass balance for the glaciers in the Manaslu region of Nepal, a previously undocumented region of the Himalayas. We studied changes between 1970 (for ...

The chemical composition of the continental crust cannot be adequately explained by current models for its formation, because it is too rich in Ni and Cr compared to that which can be generated by any of the proposed ...

Large amounts of methane are stored in continental margins as gas hydrates. They are stable under high pressure and low temperature, but react sensitively to environmental changes. Bottom water temperature and sea level ...

This thesis explores the meteorology in an urban area during a winter period and how well a numerical model is able to represent it. The air quality in the cities is of large interest to the citizens and policymakers. ...

This work presents a study on the interrelationship of burial diagenesis, depositional facies, the origin and distribution of diagenetic clay minerals, and diagenesis in sediment–sill sequences, as well as the thermal ...

Sudden Stratospheric Warmings (SSW) affect the chemistry and dynamics of the middle atmosphere. Major warmings occur roughly every second winter in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), but has only been observed once in the ...

Air pollution from traffic is a major health problem in urban areas, and there is a great interest in modeling and measuring the dispersion of pollutants from near- ground sources. Due to the complex nature of the motions ...

We used a finite element model to interpret anti-correlated pressure variations at the base of a glacier to demonstrate the importance of stress redistribution in the basal ice. We first investigated two pairs of load cells ...

Volcanism is a fundamental process on Earth. It is responsible for the formation of new crust, by adding hot magma to the surface where it solidifies. Ascending magma interacts with geological formations by adding heat, ...

Debris flows and debris avalanches represent a large threat to society in Norway. The intensity and frequency of these events is expected to increase over the course of the next 50 years due to changing precipitation ...

Due to the multidisciplinary nature of landscape research, many different systems and methods for landscape identification and classification exist. This paper provides a systematic review of 54 contemporary landscape ...

Coastally trapped rotational interfacial waves are studied theoretically by using a Lagrangian formulation of fluid motion in a rotating ocean. The waves propagate along the interface between two immiscible inviscid ...

Recent studies show that the noise recorded by seismic sensors can be used to characterize the seismic structure in the area where the sensors are located. This is called ambient noise tomography. In this thesis, data from ...

The Tørdal pegmatite field, located in the county of Telemark in southern Norway, is known for its enrichment in Sc as well as other rare metals. During the last decade, the interest for Sc has increased, due to its important ...

The county of Sogn og Fjordane in Western Norway has a climate and topography which makes it vulnerable for debris avalanches, debris flows, shallow slides and slush flows. The recently established landslide forecasting ...

In the last couple of years many Earth observation satellites with optical instruments have been set in space. These satellites generate an enormous amount of data and give us a image of different landforms on Earth. The ...

Rapid retreat of Greenland's marine-terminating glaciers coincides with regional warming trends, which have broadly been used to explain these rapid changes. However, outlet glaciers within similar climate regimes experience ...

An eastward (releasing) bend in the Eocene dextral Barents Shear Margin gave rise to the formation of the Vestbakken Volcanic Province. The area has been affected by complex tectonics and both extensional and contractional ...

The SW Barents Sea margin experienced a pulse of extensional deformation in the Middle–Late Devonian through the Carboniferous, after the Caledonian Orogeny terminated. These events marked the initial stages of formation ...

Det norske jordbrukslandskapet er i konstant endring. Det er et politisk mål at dette landskapet skal være tilgjengelig for det norsk folk. Ved å kvantifisere tilgjengeligheten i landskapet til indikatorer, kan en måle ...

Sulphide-bearing gneisses of southern Norway have been observed to leach acidic waters with ecotoxic levels of metals when exposed to air and moisture following excavation for road and infrastructure projects. Traditionally, ...

We know that lichen cover in polar and high altitude regions may change due to grazing or climate change. Some previous studies have found that removal of lichen reduces the albedo and potentially changes the temperature, ...

I denne studien blir en alternativ metode for landformsklassifikasjon basert på mønstergjenkjenning utforsket. Målet er å undersøke om en kan finne ulikheter, ved hjelp av denne metoden som kalles “geomorphons”, i ...

Precipitation patterns and rates change with global warming. These changes can be separately evaluated in fast and slow responses, the combination of the two are called apparent responses. The fast precipitation responses ...

Seismic petro‐facies characterization in low net‐to‐gross reservoirs with poor reservoir properties such as the Snadd Formation in the Goliat field requires a multidisciplinary approach. This is especially important when ...

The late Permian biotic crisis had a major impact on marine and terrestrial environments. Rising CO2 levels following Siberian Trap volcanic activity were likely responsible for expanding marine anoxia and elevated water ...

For å bidra med å gjøre Norge universelt utformet (UU) har Statens Kartverk satt opp en nasjonal geodatabase som representerer status for tilgjengelighet. Databasen inneholder data om hvor godt veier og andre fasiliteter ...

Peatlands store substantial amounts of carbon and are vulnerable to climate change. We present a modified version of the Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) land surface model for simulating ...

I løpet av Jordas historie har det oppstått fem store masseutryddelser, hvor over 70 % av livet ble utryddet og det oppstod store klimatiske endringer. Fire av utryddelsene korrelerer i tid med store vulkanutbrudd, og det ...

The threat of mass movements has always existed in Norway, but due to the climate change, an increase in mass movement events is expected. Today, there are over 150.000 people living in areas threatened by mass movements, ...

Energetic electrons from the magnetosphere deposit their energy in the atmosphere and lead to production of nitric oxide (NO) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. We study the atmospheric NO response to a geomagnetic ...

The global circulation driven solely by relaxation to an idealized surface temperature profile and to interior mixing is examined. Forcing by winds and evaporation/precipitation is excluded. The resulting circulation ...

The cryosphere is defined as the areas of the Earth where water is found frozen. The notion of cryospheric processes relates to glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, ice shelves, sea ice and permafrost. Cryospheric processes are ...

Vulkansk aske i atmosfæren medfører en risiko for flytrafikk, såvel som helserisiko for samfunnet og kan påvirke klimaet. I denne avhandlingen er det undersøkt ulike typer aske, lokalisering, konsentrasjon, og spesielt ...

Extreme winter events that damage vegetation are considered an important climatic cause of arctic browning—a reversal of the greening trend of the region—and possibly reduce the carbon uptake of northern ecosystems. ...

Flux towers provide important climatic information about surface exchange processes in the land-atmosphere system. At the Finse flux tower in alpine Norway, the inhomogeneous surface and hilly terrain influence the quality ...

The Early to Middle Jurassic Stø Formation is the most commercially important sandstones reservoir in the Barents Sea. Stø Formation was deposited in a relatively shallow epicontinental sea in northern Pangea. One of the ...

The climate research community uses atmospheric reanalysis data sets to understand a wide range of processes and variability in the atmosphere, yet different reanalyses may give very different results for the same diagnostics. ...

Satellite measurements of coseismic displacements are typically based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry or amplitude tracking, or based on optical data such as from Landsat, Sentinel-2, SPOT, ASTER, very ...

We have addressed the seismic data denoising problem, in which the noise is random and has an unknown spatiotemporally varying variance. In seismic data processing, random noise is often attenuated using transform-based ...

The rate at which global mean sea level (GMSL) rose during the 20th century is uncertain, with little consensus between various reconstructions that indicate rates of rise ranging from 1.3 to 2 mm⋅y−1. Here we present a ...

Cone-in-cone (CIC) and beef (BF) carbonate lenses ornament detachment zone faults underlying Triassic growth basins on Edgeøya. Field relationships place CIC and BF growth as during early diagenesis and a transition from ...

The Eggvin Bank, located between the Jan Mayen Island and Greenland, is an unusually shallow area containing several submarine volcanic peaks, confined by two transforms on the Northern Kolbeinsey Ridge (NKR). We represent ...

Although partial melt in the asthenosphere is important geodynamically, geophysical constraints on its abundance remain ambiguous. We use a database of seamounts detected using satellite altimetry to constrain the temporal ...

We use numerical simulations to investigate the evolution of sheath folds around slip surfaces in simple‐shear‐dominated monoclinic shear zones. A variety of sheath fold shapes develops under general shear, including tubular ...

An updated magnetic anomaly grid of the NE Atlantic and an improved database of magnetic anomaly and fracture zone identifications allow the kinematic history of this region to be revisited. At break-up time, continental ...

Background: Over the last two decades, progress in prevention and treatment of caries and periodontal diseases has been translated to better oral health and improved tooth retention in the adult population. The ageing ...

Concentration times in small and medium-sized basins (∼10–1000 km2) are commonly less than 24 h. Flood-forecasting models are thus required to provide simulations at high temporal resolutions (1 h–6 h), although time-series ...

We investigate initiation and evolution of sheath folds developing in multilayer sequences around slip surfaces in simple shear. The slip surface is initially circular and oriented at 135° to the shearing direction. The ...

The principles of signals from vibrators have been investigated over half a century, however such sources are rarely applied in a marine environment. The objective of this thesis is to study the modeling of the pressure ...

In this paper, a process‐based analytical derivation approach is proposed to perform a nonstationary analysis for annual runoff distribution by taking into account the information of nonstationarities in both hydrological ...

Statistical downscaling is useful for managing scale and resolution problems in outputs from global climate models (GCMs) for climate change impact studies. To improve downscaling of precipitation occurrence, this study ...