Direct snow depth measurements are sparse, especially in remote areas. In this study, we assess the potential of ICESat laser altimetry for providing snow depths for its operational period 2003–2009 on the example of the ...

The principles of signals from vibrators have been investigated over half a century, however such sources are rarely applied in a marine environment. The objective of this thesis is to study the modeling of the pressure ...

In this paper, a process‐based analytical derivation approach is proposed to perform a nonstationary analysis for annual runoff distribution by taking into account the information of nonstationarities in both hydrological ...

Statistical downscaling is useful for managing scale and resolution problems in outputs from global climate models (GCMs) for climate change impact studies. To improve downscaling of precipitation occurrence, this study ...

An updated magnetic anomaly grid of the NE Atlantic and an improved database of magnetic anomaly and fracture zone identifications allow the kinematic history of this region to be revisited. At break-up time, continental ...

We use numerical simulations to investigate the evolution of sheath folds around slip surfaces in simple‐shear‐dominated monoclinic shear zones. A variety of sheath fold shapes develops under general shear, including tubular ...

The climate research community uses atmospheric reanalysis data sets to understand a wide range of processes and variability in the atmosphere, yet different reanalyses may give very different results for the same diagnostics. ...

Satellite measurements of coseismic displacements are typically based on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry or amplitude tracking, or based on optical data such as from Landsat, Sentinel-2, SPOT, ASTER, very ...

The Early to Middle Jurassic Stø Formation is the most commercially important sandstones reservoir in the Barents Sea. Stø Formation was deposited in a relatively shallow epicontinental sea in northern Pangea. One of the ...

In this thesis, the large-scale thermohaline circulation in the Late Permian was studied. A steady state circulation was obtained by running MITgcm with a 2 times 2 degrees spherical-polar grid, and solving the nonlinear ...

Eutectic melting curves in the system MgO–SiO2 have been experimentally determined at lower mantle pressures using laser-heated diamond anvil cell (LH-DAC) techniques. We investigated eutectic melting of bridgmanite plus ...

The continuation of the Caledonides into the Barents Sea has long been a subject of discussion, and two major orientations of the Caledonian deformation fronts have been suggested: NNW-SSE striking and NE-SW striking. A ...

Pockmarks are seafloor craters usually formed during methane release on continental margins. However, the mechanisms behind their formation and dynamics remain elusive. Here we report detailed investigations on one of the ...

Dehydration of partly or completely serpentinized ultramafic rocks can increase the pore fluid pressure and induce brittle failure, a process referred to as dehydration embrittlement. However the extents of strain localization ...

Frost weathering is effective in arctic and subarctic climate zones where chemical reactions are limited by the reduced availability of liquid water and the prevailing low temperature. However, small scale mineral dissolution ...

Ultramafic pseudotachylytes have been regarded as earthquake fossils formed at mantle depths (i.e., >30 km). Here we show that pseudotachylytes hosted by ultramafic rocks from three localities have distinct magnetic ...

Antimony, which has damaging effects on the human body and the ecosystem, can be released into soils, ground-, and surface waters either from ore minerals that weather in near surface environments, or due to anthropogenic ...

In several geological environments, chemical reactions are coupled to rock deformation and the associated stresses induced locally interact with the far field loading. This is the case in immature shales that undergo burial ...

Precursory signals, manifestations of microscale damage that precedes dynamic faulting, are key to earthquake forecasting and risk mitigation. Detections of precursors have primarily relied on measurements performed using ...

Igneous intrusions in sedimentary basins exhibit a great diversity of shapes from thin sheets (e.g. sills, cone sheets), to massive intrusions (e.g. laccoliths, plugs). Presently, none of the established models of magma ...

Here we show results from Earth System Model simulations from the marine cloud brightening experiment G4cdnc of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). The nine contributing models prescribe a 50 % ...

We compare geocoded heights derived from the interferometric mode (SARIn) of CryoSat to surface heights from calibration–validation sites on Devon Ice Cap and western Greenland. Comparisons are included for both the heights ...

Fragments of optically flat silica discs embedded in synthetic gouge were deformed to examine the relationship between the development of striations and slickenlines, and deformation mechanisms, conditions, and fault ...

Aseismic creep is observed at surface along several segments of the North Anatolian right‐lateral active fault in Turkey, a major plate boundary between Eurasia and Anatolia. Identifying the mechanisms that control creep ...

This study investigates the seismic velocity anisotropy of two organic-rich shales from the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The tested organic-rich shale samples were from the Upper Jurassic Draupne and Hekkingen formations ...

In a porous rock, the spatial distribution of the pore space induces a strong heterogeneity in fluid flow rates and in the stress distribution in the rock mass. If the rock microstructure evolves through time, for example, ...

In contrast to deep water waves, shallow water waves are influenced by bottom topography, which has consequences for the propagation of wave energy as well as for the energy and momentum exchange between the waves and the ...

Despite a growing literature on the climate response to solar geoengineering—proposals to cool the planet by increasing the planetary albedo—there has been little published on the impacts of solar geoengineering on natural ...

Ultramafic pseudotachylytes have been regarded as earthquake fossils formed at mantle depths (i.e., >30 km). Here we show that pseudotachylytes hosted by ultramafic rocks from three localities have distinct magnetic ...

The development of modelling tools for estimating stomatal uptake of surface ozone in vegetation is important for the assessment of potential damage induced due to both current and future near surface ozone concentrations. ...

Glacier dynamics play an important role in the mass balance of many glaciers, ice caps and ice sheets. In this study we exploit Radarsat-2 (RS-2) Wide Fine (WF) data to determine the surface speed of Svalbard glaciers in ...

In plate tectonics scientists study the present and past motions of the lithospheric plates over the Earth’s surface. The reconstruction of the location and orientation of the continents and oceans in deep time is referred ...

Classical models of lithosphere thinning predict deep synrift basins covered by wider and thinner post‐rift deposits. However, synextensional uplift and/or erosion of the crust are widely documented in nature (e.g. the ...

The strong winds prevalent in high altitude and arctic environments heavily redistribute the snow cover, causing a small-scale pattern of highly variable snow depths. This has profound implications for the ground thermal ...

Observations at surface sites show an increase in global mean surface methane (CH4) of about 180 parts per billion (ppb) (above 10 %) over the period 1984–2012. Over this period there are large fluctuations in the annual ...

Debris flows and debris slides/avalanches (weather-induced landslides) represent a significant threat to infrastructures and human habitation in Norway. They are triggered by a combination of high intensity rainfall, ...

Seasonally snow-covered regions are an important source of water and a crucial component of the yearly water balance for substantial areas of the world. The American River, located in the California Sierra Nevada presents ...

Norge har et terreng som fører til at landet er disponert for masseførende skred, blant annet sørpeskred. Sørpeskred er definert som en hurtig massebevegelse av vannmettet snø med et vanninnhold over 15%. Disse skredene ...

In this study we simulate the climatic mass balance of Svalbard glaciers with a coupled atmosphere–glacier model with 3 km grid spacing, from September 2003 to September 2013. We find a mean specific net mass balance of ...

An investigation of the depositional architecture of the Curtis Formation and an evaluation of how the observed facies distribution affects overall reservoir quality is conducted. This tidally influenced marginal marine ...

Palsas and peat plateaus are permafrost mounds situated in mires with a core of ground ice. In northern Norway, palsas are located in the sporadic permafrost zone, and demarcate the southernmost limit of permafrost. Thus ...

The Lofoten margin segment is located offshore northern Norway, in between the volcanic rifted Vøring and Vesterålen margins. Several available datasets have been integrated in order to study in detail the tectono-stratigraphic ...

Reduction of porosity in sandstones with increasing burial is a function of mechanical compaction causing reorganization and crushing of grains with increasing pressure, and chemical compaction, mainly precipitation of ...

Projections of three important seasonal rainfall parameters—total precipitation ( pt), wet-day mean (mw) and wet-day frequency ( fw)—considered to be relevant to crop agriculture were performed. Links between large-scale ...

Using sparsely glaciated southern Norway as a case study, we assess the potential and limitations of ICESat laser altimetry for analysing regional glacier elevation change in rough mountain terrain. Differences between ...

Climate change can cause decline in crops especially in vulnerable areas. In southern Tanzania maize production is expected to decline due to projected future warming and changes in seasonal rainfall patterns and distribution. ...

The Svalbard archipelago is subject to winter warm events, where daily mean air temperature exceeds 0°C. These warm events occur when low pressure systems direct air northwards across the Nordic Seas towards the west coast ...

With its temporal resolution of 10 days (five days with two satellites, and significantly more at high latitudes), its swath width of 290 km, and its 10 m and 20 m spatial resolution bands from the visible to the shortwave ...

Igneous sills are common components in rifted sedimentary basins globally. Much work has focused on intrusions emplaced at relatively shallow palaeodepths (0 – 1.5 km). However, owing to constraints of seismic reflection ...

Black carbon (BC) emissions from India for the year 2011 are estimated to be 901.11 ± 151.56 Gg yr−1 based on a new ground-up, GIS-based inventory. The grid-based, spatially resolved emission inventory includes, in addition ...

A study of columbite-tantalite paragenesis and garnet chemistry in the mixed NYF+LCT pegmatite field of Evje-Iveland, South Norway. A detailed study of the muscovite rare-element REE pegmatite at Solås were done to better ...

In this paper, we semi-automatically classify clean and debris-covered ice for 145 glaciers within Hohe Tauern National Park in the Austrian Alps for the years 1985, 2003, and 2013. We also map the end-summer transient ...

In the last few years the tectonostratigraphic model of the Caledonides has been revised, to account for among others the melange unit discussed in this thesis. This unit, which in the past have been overlooked, consist ...

The tectonic evolution of the Late Mesoproterozoic Sveconorwegian Province has traditionally been considered to reflect continent-continent collision, which has been correlated with the Grenville Province in Canada. The ...

This study presents reservoir characterization of Triassic and Jurassic sandstones using petrophysical analysis, rock physics diagnostics and AVO modeling with data from eight exploration wells in and around the Bjarmeland ...

It is well known that cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies are numerous in the Skagerrak. Nevertheless a systematic analysis of their statistics appears to be missing. This is the topic of the present thesis in which we ...

This thesis presents a 3D seismic analysis of fluid and gas induced hydrothermal vent complexes in a 310 km2 area at the Møre Basin, offshore Norway. The mid-Norwegian Møre Margin is regarded as a type example of a volcanic ...

Climate change has increased extreme weather events over the planet. The most robust changes in East Africa (EA) are for daily temperature and precipitation, where high-impact extreme values have become more common. The ...

On geological time scales, the global ocean circulation is controlled by changes in paleobathymetry, including opening and closure of strategic ocean gateways and formation of new ocean basins. In the Cenozoic time (65 - ...

Nøyaktig beregning av romlig lokal snøfordeling i høyfjellet gir en betydelig samfunnsgevinst og er av spesiell interesse for vannkraftproduksjon, flom- og skredvarsling. Det stiller krav til utvikling av nye forbedrede ...

The Horda Platform area, in the Norwegian North Sea, has a complex burial history, including rifting and fault block rotation followed by uplift end subsequent erosion. These processes have affected the elastic properties ...

Investigation of the marginal marine Curtis Formation of the Middle to Upper Jurassic succession, composed of the Entrada Sandstone, the Curtis Formation and the Summerville Formation, in ascending order. As a whole, the ...

The Raudvatnet massive sulphide deposit is located in Hattfjelldal in Nordland, Northern Norway. Deposit investigations have been made by mining companies Boliden AB and Aspro AS in the 1960’s and 1980’s respectively. The ...

The springtime snowpack over the Himalayan–Tibetan Plateau (HTP) region and Eurasia has long been suggested to be an influential factor on the onset of the Indian summer monsoon. To assess the impact of realistic initialization ...

In this study, tooth-bearing bones and vertebrae of Omphalosaurus from the Early Triassic of Spitsbergen have been examined to better understand the morphology, lifestyle and systematic affinities of this enigmatic marine ...

The first of two Sentinel-2 satellites, launched mid-2015, has similar characteristics as the Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI satellites. Together, these satellites will produce a tremendous quantity of optical images worldwide for ...

This thesis is an investigation of currents in the outer Oslofjord using available tools. Current records and output from the NorKyst-800 model are examined and compared using statistical methods. Internal tidal waves are ...

Structurally controlled, syn-rift, clastic depocentres are of economic interest as hydrocarbon reservoirs; understanding the structure of their bounding faults is of great relevance, e.g. in the assessment of fault-controlled ...

Landslides are amongst the most destructive natural hazards, causing damage to infrastructures, such as roads, railways and houses, and can, in a worst-case scenario, take lives. By studying the effect and response of ...

This master project focuses on the mineralogical changes and re-distribution of S between apatite, monazite and scapolite in the Lindås Nappe, Bergen Arcs, W-Norway. The assemblage developed during the Sveconorwegian ...

The SW Barents Sea is a relatively unexplored area compared to the Northern North Sea and the Norwegian Sea. The area has undergone several events of upliftment and erosion making it very complex, with numerous source rocks ...

A reservoir characterization of the Stø formation has been performed in two wells linked to the Snøhvit field within the Hammerfest Basin in the South-Western Barents Sea. The reservoir quality of the Stø formation has ...

Prinicples of sequence stratigraphy were applied to 2D seismic data to study the evolution of a N-S prograding system that developed in the southwestern Barents Sea during Eocene. Four units were interpreted in the basin, ...

Mapping of glacier extents from automated classification of optical satellite images has become a major application of the freely available images from Landsat. A widely applied method is based on segmented ratio images ...

The Barents Sea is the new target area for the oil industry, particularly the Triassic and Jurassic strata. Deeply buried sandstone reservoirs have proved to have good quality in the North Sea due to presence of chlorite ...

Med utgangspunkt i NVEs 59 registrerte sørpeskred i Noreg i perioden 2010 til 2016 er denne masteroppgåva eit terskelstudie med formål å avdekke tersklar for regional varsling av sørpeskred. Oppgåva har teke føre seg NVEs ...