Background and Objectives: Even though nightlife studies with potentially intoxicated participants provide the much needed information on drug use, they face additional methodological challenges. This study aimed to explore ...

Extracellular vesicles secreted by Gram-negative bacteria have proven to be important in bacterial defense, communication and host-pathogen relationships. They resemble smaller versions of the bacterial mother cell, with ...

Objectives. Estimate the effect of atorvastatin on muscular symptom intensity in coronary patients with subjective statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) and to determine the association with blood levels of atorvastatin ...

Albumin and IgG have remarkably long serum half-lives due to pH-dependent FcRn-mediated cellular recycling that rescues both ligands from intracellular degradation. Furthermore, increase in half-lives of IgG and albumin-based ...

Objective In national drug policies of many countries, ensuring availability and affordability of essential medicines is indicated among the major policy objectives. To achieve the objectives, countries ...

Introduction Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) is associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors and bioavailability of drugs, but whether these changes are induced by calorie restriction, the weight loss or surgery ...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: More than 15,000 angiosperm species are dioecious, i.e., having distinct male and female individual plants. The allocation of resources between male and female plants is different, and also ...

Background This project aims to study the use of antibiotics in three clinical wards in the largest tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia for a period of 1 year. The specific aims were to assess the ...

Phenazine is known to regroup planar nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. It was used here to enhance the bioavailability of the biologically important compound iodinin, which is near insoluble in aqueous solutions. ...

Background: Children commonly refuse to take antibiotics, which may induce parents to request new antibiotic prescriptions with different pharmaceutical characteristics. Objectives: To investigate prescription changes ...

Background Triptans are commonly used to treat migraine headaches, but data on the long‐term safety of these medications during pregnancy are sparse. Triptans have a biologically plausible mechanism for effects on the ...

Datasets comprising twins and their children can be a useful tool for understanding the nature of intergenerational associations between parent and offspring phenotypes. In the present article we explore structural equation ...

The family of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are known for their regulation of vascularization. In the brain, VEGFs are important regulators of angiogenesis, neuroprotection and neurogenesis. Dysregulation of ...

Until recently, pancreas transplantation has mostly been performed with exocrine drainage via duodenojejunostomy (DJ). Since 2012, DJ was substituted with duodenoduodenostomy (DD) in our hospital, allowing endoscopic access ...

Background: This article summarizes the European Renal Association – European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Registry’s 2015 Annual Report. It describes the epidemiology of renal replacement therapy (RRT) ...

Purpose: This study aimed at exploring the prevalence of self-reported antenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms by severity across multiple countries and the association between antidepressant treatment in pregnancy and ...

Introduction: Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common in the elderly, leading to suboptimal therapy, hospitalisations and increased mortality. The integrated medicines management (IMM) model is a multifactorial interdisciplinary ...

Importance With increasing prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) and its manifestation in most countries, together with the supporting evidence of the progression to other atopic phenotypes, AD has developed into a worldwide ...

The inulin-type fructan was obtained by DEAE anion exchange chromatography from C. pilosula Nannf. var. modesta (Nannf.) L. T. Shen, after optimized extract condition, which was established by response surface methodology, ...

Background Cardiovascular complications are common in kidney transplant patients and calcification propensity of blood, measured as T50, is associated with cardiovascular outcomes. Paricalcitol supplementation ...

Do associations between maternal anxiety symptoms and offspring mental health remain after comparing differentially exposed siblings? Participants were 17,724 offspring siblings and 11,553 mothers from the Norwegian Mother ...

The thermal and rheological properties of suspensions of microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCM) in glycerol were investigated. When the microcapsule concentration is raised, the heat storage capacity of the ...

Purpose: Although urine is the most common matrix for prisoner drug testing, oral fluid offers a possible alternative. Identifying new drug intake by a prisoner results in negative sanctions. Detection times in oral fluid ...

Whereas the p38 MAP kinase has largely been associated with anti-proliferative functions, several observations have indicated that it may also have positive effects on proliferation. In hepatocytes, we have found that p38 ...

Aims/hypothesis: Wingless-type (Wnt) inducible signalling pathway protein-1 (WISP1) has been recently identified as a proinflammatory adipokine. We examined whether WISP1 expression and circulating levels are altered in ...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is low in Norway, but to prevent an increase the Norwegian Government has launched a National Strategy including a 30% reduction of broad-spectrum antibiotics (BSA) in ...

Obesity and associated disorders such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have reached epidemic proportions. Several natural products have been reported as Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) ...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant cause of mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). To explore the interaction of the CF isolate P. aeruginosa PASS1 with the innate immune response, we have used Danio rerio ...

Using LC-MS/MS for determination of low-abundance protein biomarkers from dried blood spots is challenging due to the combination of low biomarker levels (low pM-level) and small sample volumes (typically <50 μL). In the ...

The aim was to evaluate the performance of different microsampling materials in LC–MS-based protein analysis. The evaluated materials were the Volumetric Absorptive MicroSampling (VAMS) device, the pure cellulose sampling ...

Background: Few studies have assessed smoking and obesity together as risk factors for frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: To study smoking and obesity as risk factors for FTD and AD. ...

Garcinia L. (Clusiaceae) fruits are a rich source of (−)-hydroxycitric acid, and this has gained considerable attention as an anti-obesity agent and a popular weight loss food supplement. In this study, we assessed ...

PurposeFather's medication use is of interest in fertility studies and as negative control exposures in pregnancy medication safety studies. We sought to compare self-report to prescription records to understand how reliably ...

We examined genetic and environmental contributions to the development of symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschool children. ADHD symptoms in siblings at 1.5, 3, and 5 years of age were ...

Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA) are regulators of cell functions and circulating sncRNAs from the majority of RNA classes are potential non-invasive biomarkers. Understanding how common traits influence ncRNA expression is ...

The growing evidence on psychotropic drug safety in pregnancy has been possible thanks to the increasing availability of real-world data, i.e. data not collected in conventional randomised controlled trials. Use of these ...

This study estimates the effects on peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), QoL, and mental health after the introduction of an adjusted post‐transplant follow‐up program, that is, early physiotherapy and focus on the importance ...

Recent studies have shown that the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A phenotype marker 4β‐hydroxycholesterol/cholesterol (4βOHC/C) ratio is negatively correlated with body weight in healthy volunteers, and that obese patients have ...

Purpose: A reliable definition of exposure and knowledge about long-term medication patterns is important for drug safety studies during pregnancy. Few studies have investigated these measures for thyroid hormone replacement ...

This study explored the impact of women’s personality on drinking and smoking habits before and during pregnancy, using a multinational perspective. Data on maternal personality traits, background information, and alcohol ...

Until now, data have not been available to elucidate the genetic and environmental sources of comorbidity between all 10 DSM-IV personality disorders (PDs) and cocaine use. Our aim was to determine which PD traits are ...

It has previously been shown that pretreatment of differentiated human skeletal muscle cells (myotubes) with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) promoted increased uptake of fatty acids and increased triacylglycerol accumulation, ...

In this study we compared fatty acid (FA) metabolism in myotubes established from athletic and sedentary young subjects. Six healthy sedentary (maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)≤ 46 ml/kg/min) and six healthy athletic ...

More than 90% of the cases of Parkinson's disease have unknown etiology. Gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra is the main cause of morbidity in this disease. External factors such as environmental toxins ...

In this work hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) fast-dissolving thin films for oral administration are investigated. Furosemide (Class IV of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System) has been used as a model drug for ...

Background Prenatal exposure to maternal adverse life events has been associated with offspring ADHD, but the role of familial confounding is unclear. We aimed to clarify if adverse life events during pregnancy are ...

The goal of this study is to examine the extent to which child temperament predicts the adiposity rebound, a steep increase in the body mass index (BMI) between ages 5 and 7 years. If this increase occurs at an earlier ...

Once assumed only to be a waste product of anaerobe glycolytic activity, lactate is now recognized as an energy source in skeletal muscles. While lactate metabolism has been extensively studied in vivo, underlying cellular ...

Determination of proteins in complex biological matrices has massive attention and is exploited in many different scientific disciplines. Routinely, proteins are determined using antibody based immuno-metric assays. Although ...

Infections caused by the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen Piscirickettsia salmonis remains an unsolved problem for the aquaculture as no efficient treatments have been developed. As a result, substantial amounts ...

Objective: To assess communication skills training at Nordic pharmacy schools and explore ways for improvement. Methods: E-mail questionnaires were developed and distributed with the aim to explore current practice and ...

Background Epidemiological studies have shown that long-term exposure to paracetamol during pregnancy is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The mechanism by which paracetamol ...

Background Traditionally, drug prescription and follow up have been the sole responsibility of physicians. However, interprofessional medication reviews (IMRs) have been developed to prevent drug discrepancies ...

There is increasing evidence of clinically relevant antiinflammatory effects of monoaminergic antidepressants. PubMed and Ovid databases were searched systematically for the use and efficacy of antidepressants in association ...

There are limited data on the differences in the impact of psoriasis between various countries with respect to quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to explore the psychosocial health of patients with psoriasis ...

Introduction: Good communication skills are essential for pharmacy students to help patients with their medicines. Students' attitudes towards communication skills learning will influence their willingness to engage in ...

Lipid droplet (LD) coating proteins are essential for the formation and stability of intracellular LDs. Plin2 is an abundant LD coating protein in skeletal muscle, but its importance for muscle function is unclear. We show ...

The dynamics of marine populations are usually forced by biotic and abiotic factors occurring at different intensity levels and time scales. Deriving the time frame within which each factor has a causal influence is important ...

A concept integrating sampling and protein digestion is introduced here combining fast and simple fabrication by wax printing on filter paper with trypsin immobilized polymer beads. The paper reactors showed promising ...

Immunocapture-based bottom-up LC–MS is a promising technique for the quantification of low abundant proteins. Magnetic immunocapture beads provide efficient enrichment from complex samples through the highly specific ...

We hypothesised that skeletal muscles of healthy young people have a large variation in oxidative capacity and fibre-type composition, and aimed therefore to investigate glucose metabolism in biopsies and myotubes isolated ...

17α-estradiol is a hormonally inactive isomer of 17β-estradiol, but with similar potency as neuroprotector. However, we have previously reported that pretreatment with high concentration (10 μM) of both estrogens abolishes ...

A Western lifestyle with low physical activity and a diet rich in sugar, fat and processed food contribute to higher incidences of diabetes and obesity. Enhanced glucose uptake in human liver cells was observed after ...

Background: Previous studies have found significant associations between maternal prenatal and postpartum depression and child behavior problems (CBP). The present study investigates whether associations remain in a ...

Two decades of research into the ligand‐dependent modulation of the activity of the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) have demonstrated the heterogeneous modes of action of PPARγ ligands, in terms of ...

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been used as useful sorbents in solid-phase extraction for a wide range of molecules and sample matrices. Their unique selectivity can be fine-tuned in the imprinting process and ...

A stereodivergent total synthesis has been executed based on the plausibly misassigned structure of the unusual marine hydrindane mucosin (1). The topological connectivity of the four contiguous all-carbon stereocenters ...

The resolution of inflammation is an active process orchestrated by specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPM) that limit the host response within the affected tissue; failure of effective resolution may lead to tissue ...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is manifested by progressive metabolic impairments in tissues such as skeletal muscle and liver, and these tissues become less responsive to insulin, leading to hyperglycemia. In the present study, ...

Modulation of complement activity and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production by macrophages and dendritic cells may have therapeutic value in inflammatory diseases. Elderberry and elderflower extracts, constituents, ...

Background Though nausea and vomiting is very common during pregnancy, no studies have investigated the impact of this condition on the women’s daily lives in a Scandinavian population. The aim of this study ...

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are in need of renal replacement therapy as dialysis and/or transplantation. The prevalence of ESRD and, thus, the need for dialysis are constantly growing. The ...

Background Polypharmacy and inappropriate drug use is associated with negative health outcomes among older people. Various interventions for improving drug treatment have been evaluated, but the majority ...

Purpose: To describe the risk of early- and late-onset preeclampsia across pregnancies exposed to antidepressants and to evaluate the impact of timing and length of gestational exposure to antidepressants, particularly ...

Resolvins, protectins and maresins are individual families of specialized pro-resolving mediators biosynthesized from the dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. These ...

Parallel artificial liquid membrane extraction (PALME) is a miniaturized version of liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and is based on two 96-well plates in a sandwich-like configuration. With a very simple workflow, 96 samples ...

Robust biomarker quantification is essential for the accurate diagnosis of diseases and is of great value in cancer management. In this paper, an innovative diagnostic platform is presented which provides automated molecularly ...

Vaginal infections are associated with high recurrence, which is often due to a lack of efficient treatment of complex vaginal infections comprised of several types of pathogens, especially fungi and bacteria. Chitosan, a ...

The aim of this work was to prepare and test different pharmaceutical formulations in respect of their potential in relieving dry mouth symptom. Since many of the products available on the market provide only temporary ...

Background Few studies have investigated the drug utilization patterns and factors predicting drug use in pregnant women with migraine. This longitudinal drug utilization study aimed to describe patterns ...

Background: Patients with high tacrolimus clearance eliminate more drug within a dose interval compared to those with low clearance. Delays in dosing time will result in transient periods of lower concentrations in high- ...

Electromembrane extraction (EME) is an analytical microextraction technique, where charged analytes (such as drug substances) are extracted from an aqueous sample (such as a biological fluid), through a supported liquid ...

The aim was to evaluate the relationship between maintenance immunosuppression, subclinical tubulo-interstital inflammation and interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA) in surveillance biopsies performed in low ...

Objectives: Pregnancy may cause changes in drug disposition, dose requirements and clinical response. For lithium, changes in disposition during pregnancy have so far been explored in a single-dose study on 4 participants ...

Background: Exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis denotes the exertional damage of myocytes with leakage of sarcoplasmic content into the circulation. The purpose of this study was to determine important risk factors for the ...

Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) associated with interstitial inflammation in non scarred areas (IFTA+i) is associated with poorer graft outcome than inflammation without IFTA or IFTA without inflammation. ...

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts and globally is one of the most important congenital infections. The nucleoside analogue ganciclovir (GCV), ...

The aim of this paper was to perform a comprehensive characterization of polysaccharides isolated from the interior (IOI) and exterior (IOE) parts of the fungus Inonotus obliquus. Pre-extraction with DCM and MeOH, followed ...

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore how home-dwelling elderly who use fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) perceive their fall risk and how they relate this to their drug use. Design, setting and subjects: A ...

The Bacillus cereus group of bacteria includes seven closely related species, three of which, B. anthracis, B. cereus and B. thuringiensis, are pathogens of humans, animals and/or insects. Preliminary investigations into ...

Understanding the safety of medication use during pregnancy relies on observational studies: However, confounding in observational studies poses a threat to the validity of estimates obtained from observational data. Newer ...

Aim: Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is involved in different inflammatory diseases; however, its role in atherosclerosis is unclear. In this study we investigated the expression of IL-27 and its receptor in patients with carotid ...

Background: Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is the active immunosuppressive substance in both mycophenolate mofetil and mycophenolate sodium, and it is widely used after organ transplantation. In women, taking MPA is teratogenic ...

A serum test called T50 assesses the overall propensity for calcification of the blood and is associated with cardiovascular outcomes. We aimed to examine T50 over time in kidney transplant recipients and also address any ...

Background: Assessment of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is important in kidney transplantation. The aim was to develop a kidney transplant specific equation for estimating GFR and evaluate against published equations ...

The decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone, also referred to as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone with the sequence (pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2) plays an important role in regulating the reproductive ...

Purpose: To investigate the ability of the propensity score (PS) to reduce confounding bias in the presence of nondifferential misclassification of treatment, using simulations. Methods: Using an example from the pregnancy ...

Aims: Tacrolimus is a cornerstone in modern immunosuppressive therapy after kidney transplantation. Tacrolimus dosing is challenged by considerable pharmacokinetic variability, both between patients and over time after ...

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in renal transplant recipients. An association between haptoglobin genotype 2-2 and cardiovascular disease has been found in patients with diabetes mellitus ...

Background and aims Physical activity has preventive as well as therapeutic benefits for overweight subjects. In this study we aimed to examine effects of in vivo exercise on in vitro metabolic adaptations by studying ...