Background and aims Intranasal (i.n.) naloxone is an established treatment for opioid overdose. Anyone likely to witness an overdose should have access to the antidote. We aimed to determine whether an i.n. formulation ...

The aim of this work was to clarify the dynamics behind the influence of ionic strength on the changes in drug release from large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs). For this purpose, we have investigated the transport of two ...

Background Knowledge of risk factors for drug-related hospitalizations (DRHs) is limited. Aim To examine the prevalence of DRHs and the relationships between DRHs and various variables in multimorbid patients admitted ...

An experimental/computational approach has been successfully applied in order to study the effect of solubilizing vehicles (cyclodextrins and liposomes) on the passive diffusion of four active pharmaceutical ingredients ...

Background Kidney transplantation is considered to be the treatment of choice for people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, due to the shortage of available organs and the increase in the ESRD ...

Objectives To examine risk perception, beliefs about migraine medications and medical adherence among pregnant and breastfeeding women with migraine. Design and setting Cross-sectional study conducted in Norway from ...

Background Little is known about patients’ Perceived Sensitivity to Medicines (PSM), “the belief that one is especially sensitive to the actions and side effects of medicines”. Objective (i) To explore the extent of and ...

Collagen is the major fibrillar component and protein in both human and animal connective tissue. It is applied in medical preparations, e.g. wound dressings and tissue engineering. Meat and poultry production industries ...

The extracellular biofilm matrix often contains a network of amyloid fibers which, in the human opportunistic pathogen Bacillus cereus , includes the two homologous proteins TasA and CalY. We show here, in the closely ...

Surveillance of unintended effects of pharmaceuticals (pharmacovigilance or drug safety) is crucial, as knowledge of rare or late side effects is limited at the time of the introduction of new medications into the market. ...

Objective: To explore the experiences of immigrant Kurdish patients in Oslo, Norway, related to the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Design: A qualitative study with focus group interviews. Setting: ...

Immunocapture in mass spectrometry based targeted protein analysis using a bottom-up workflow is nowadays mainly performed by target protein extraction using anti-protein antibodies followed by tryptic digestion. Already ...

OBJECTIVE Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have lately become the recommended treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. Patients with posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) ...

Cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) signalling affects several cellular processes in Bacillus cereus group bacteria including biofilm formation and motility, and CdgF was previously identified as a diguanylate cyclase promoting ...

From a patient-centric perspective, oromucosal drug delivery is highly attractive due to the ease of administration without the need of swallowing, and improved patient safety. The aim of the presented work was to prepare ...

Pharmacoepidemiological studies on the safety of medication during pregnancy are all susceptible to missing data (ie, data that should have been recorded but for some reason were not). Missing data are ubiquitous, irrespective ...

Introduction Right ventricular (RV) myocardial dysfunction is a common feature in septic shock. It can worsen outcome, but the etiology is poorly understood. Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) plays a part in the ...

We present a short and efficient way of synthesizing two synthetically versatile 4-quinolone-3-carboxylate building blocks by cyclopropanation-ring expansion of 3-chloroindoles with α-halodiazoacetates as the key step. ...

While snus has been the focus of increasing public health interest, twin studies have examined neither sources of individual variation for its use nor the sources of resemblance between snus and cigarette use. Twins from ...

Background Maternal antidepressant use in pregnancy has been associated with both shorter gestational length and child anxiety. We employed paternal antidepressant use as a negative-control exposure to indirectly assess ...

Formation of bacterial biofilms is a risk with many in situ medical devices. Biofilm-forming Bacillus species are associated with potentially life-threatening catheter-related blood stream infections in immunocompromised ...

Objective To examine whether individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ) or bipolar disorder (BD) had equal likelihood of not being diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD) prior to cardiovascular death, compared to individuals ...

Fatty acid oxidation is a central fueling pathway for mitochondrial ATP production. Regulation occurs through multiple nutrient- and energy-sensitive molecular mechanisms. We explored if upregulated mRNA expression of the ...

Background Propofol and remifentanil often need to be co-administered via the same intravenous catheter line, which predisposes to potential compatibility issues. Our aim was to determine and compare the emulsion stability ...

Recently, several different classes of endogenous lipids have been reported that display antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Due to their minute presence in human samples, access to synthetic material of each ...

Background Although maternal depressive symptoms are robustly associated with offspring early-life psychopathology symptoms, it is not clear which potential mechanisms are at play. We aimed to estimate the relative ...

Both human and animal studies have shown mitochondrial and contractile dysfunction in hearts of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Exercise training has shown positive effects on cardiac function, but its effect on the ...

Platycodon grandiflorus is a plant widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, of which polysaccharides are reported to be the main components responsible for its bio-functions. In this work, the inulin-type fructan (PGF) ...

Background: During pregnancy, women might weigh the benefits of treatment against potential risks to the unborn child. However, non-adherence to necessary treatment can adversely affect both mother and child. To optimize ...

Background Short‐term survival after kidney transplantation is excellent, but long‐term survival remains low and is equivalent to non‐end‐stage renal disease patients with many invasive malignancies. The aim of the study ...

Background: Low adherence to statin therapy remains a public health concern associated with poor prognosis in cardiovascular disease patients. A feasible method for statin adherence monitoring in clinical practice has ...

Aims Objective methods to monitor statin adherence are needed. We have established a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay for quantification of atorvastatin and its metabolites in blood. This study aimed ...

Background and Objectives: Even though nightlife studies with potentially intoxicated participants provide the much needed information on drug use, they face additional methodological challenges. This study aimed to explore ...

Extracellular vesicles secreted by Gram-negative bacteria have proven to be important in bacterial defense, communication and host-pathogen relationships. They resemble smaller versions of the bacterial mother cell, with ...

Previous studies have shown that chronic hyperglycemia impairs glucose and fatty acid oxidation in cultured human myotubes. To further study the hyperglycemia-induced suppression of oxidation, lactate oxidation, mitochondrial ...

Based on the cabozantinib scaffold, novel c‐Met inhibitors were rationalized from the limited knowledge of structure‐activity relationships for the quinoline 6‐position. Emphasis was given to modifications capable of ...

A fatty acid analogue, 2-(tridec-12-yn-1-ylthio)acetic acid (1-triple TTA), was previously shown to have hypolipidemic effects in rats by targeting mitochondrial activity predominantly in liver. This study aimed to determine ...

Rationale Matrix‐assisted ionization (MAI) is a relatively new ionization technique for analysis by mass spectrometry (MS). The technique is simple and has been shown to be less influenced by matrix effects than e.g. ...

Albumin and IgG have remarkably long serum half-lives due to pH-dependent FcRn-mediated cellular recycling that rescues both ligands from intracellular degradation. Furthermore, increase in half-lives of IgG and albumin-based ...

Objective In national drug policies of many countries, ensuring availability and affordability of essential medicines is indicated among the major policy objectives. To achieve the objectives, countries ...

Introduction Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) is associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors and bioavailability of drugs, but whether these changes are induced by calorie restriction, the weight loss or surgery ...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: More than 15,000 angiosperm species are dioecious, i.e., having distinct male and female individual plants. The allocation of resources between male and female plants is different, and also ...

Background This project aims to study the use of antibiotics in three clinical wards in the largest tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia for a period of 1 year. The specific aims were to assess the ...

Phenazine is known to regroup planar nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. It was used here to enhance the bioavailability of the biologically important compound iodinin, which is near insoluble in aqueous solutions. ...

The inulin-type fructan was obtained by DEAE anion exchange chromatography from C. pilosula Nannf. var. modesta (Nannf.) L. T. Shen, after optimized extract condition, which was established by response surface methodology, ...

Using LC-MS/MS for determination of low-abundance protein biomarkers from dried blood spots is challenging due to the combination of low biomarker levels (low pM-level) and small sample volumes (typically <50 μL). In the ...

The aim was to evaluate the performance of different microsampling materials in LC–MS-based protein analysis. The evaluated materials were the Volumetric Absorptive MicroSampling (VAMS) device, the pure cellulose sampling ...

Aims/hypothesis: Wingless-type (Wnt) inducible signalling pathway protein-1 (WISP1) has been recently identified as a proinflammatory adipokine. We examined whether WISP1 expression and circulating levels are altered in ...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is low in Norway, but to prevent an increase the Norwegian Government has launched a National Strategy including a 30% reduction of broad-spectrum antibiotics (BSA) in ...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant cause of mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). To explore the interaction of the CF isolate P. aeruginosa PASS1 with the innate immune response, we have used Danio rerio ...

Purpose: Although urine is the most common matrix for prisoner drug testing, oral fluid offers a possible alternative. Identifying new drug intake by a prisoner results in negative sanctions. Detection times in oral fluid ...

Obesity and associated disorders such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have reached epidemic proportions. Several natural products have been reported as Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) ...

Whereas the p38 MAP kinase has largely been associated with anti-proliferative functions, several observations have indicated that it may also have positive effects on proliferation. In hepatocytes, we have found that p38 ...

Background Cardiovascular complications are common in kidney transplant patients and calcification propensity of blood, measured as T50, is associated with cardiovascular outcomes. Paricalcitol supplementation ...

The thermal and rheological properties of suspensions of microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCM) in glycerol were investigated. When the microcapsule concentration is raised, the heat storage capacity of the ...

Background: Few studies have assessed smoking and obesity together as risk factors for frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: To study smoking and obesity as risk factors for FTD and AD. ...

Garcinia L. (Clusiaceae) fruits are a rich source of (−)-hydroxycitric acid, and this has gained considerable attention as an anti-obesity agent and a popular weight loss food supplement. In this study, we assessed ...

PurposeFather's medication use is of interest in fertility studies and as negative control exposures in pregnancy medication safety studies. We sought to compare self-report to prescription records to understand how reliably ...

We examined genetic and environmental contributions to the development of symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschool children. ADHD symptoms in siblings at 1.5, 3, and 5 years of age were ...

Background: This article summarizes the European Renal Association – European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Registry’s 2015 Annual Report. It describes the epidemiology of renal replacement therapy (RRT) ...

Introduction: Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common in the elderly, leading to suboptimal therapy, hospitalisations and increased mortality. The integrated medicines management (IMM) model is a multifactorial interdisciplinary ...

Until recently, pancreas transplantation has mostly been performed with exocrine drainage via duodenojejunostomy (DJ). Since 2012, DJ was substituted with duodenoduodenostomy (DD) in our hospital, allowing endoscopic access ...

Datasets comprising twins and their children can be a useful tool for understanding the nature of intergenerational associations between parent and offspring phenotypes. In the present article we explore structural equation ...

Background: Children commonly refuse to take antibiotics, which may induce parents to request new antibiotic prescriptions with different pharmaceutical characteristics. Objectives: To investigate prescription changes ...

The family of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are known for their regulation of vascularization. In the brain, VEGFs are important regulators of angiogenesis, neuroprotection and neurogenesis. Dysregulation of ...

Purpose: This study aimed at exploring the prevalence of self-reported antenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms by severity across multiple countries and the association between antidepressant treatment in pregnancy and ...

Background Triptans are commonly used to treat migraine headaches, but data on the long‐term safety of these medications during pregnancy are sparse. Triptans have a biologically plausible mechanism for effects on the ...

Importance With increasing prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) and its manifestation in most countries, together with the supporting evidence of the progression to other atopic phenotypes, AD has developed into a worldwide ...

Do associations between maternal anxiety symptoms and offspring mental health remain after comparing differentially exposed siblings? Participants were 17,724 offspring siblings and 11,553 mothers from the Norwegian Mother ...

Purpose: A reliable definition of exposure and knowledge about long-term medication patterns is important for drug safety studies during pregnancy. Few studies have investigated these measures for thyroid hormone replacement ...

This study estimates the effects on peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), QoL, and mental health after the introduction of an adjusted post‐transplant follow‐up program, that is, early physiotherapy and focus on the importance ...

Recent studies have shown that the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A phenotype marker 4β‐hydroxycholesterol/cholesterol (4βOHC/C) ratio is negatively correlated with body weight in healthy volunteers, and that obese patients have ...

The growing evidence on psychotropic drug safety in pregnancy has been possible thanks to the increasing availability of real-world data, i.e. data not collected in conventional randomised controlled trials. Use of these ...

This study explored the impact of women’s personality on drinking and smoking habits before and during pregnancy, using a multinational perspective. Data on maternal personality traits, background information, and alcohol ...

It has previously been shown that pretreatment of differentiated human skeletal muscle cells (myotubes) with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) promoted increased uptake of fatty acids and increased triacylglycerol accumulation, ...

Until now, data have not been available to elucidate the genetic and environmental sources of comorbidity between all 10 DSM-IV personality disorders (PDs) and cocaine use. Our aim was to determine which PD traits are ...

In this study we compared fatty acid (FA) metabolism in myotubes established from athletic and sedentary young subjects. Six healthy sedentary (maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)≤ 46 ml/kg/min) and six healthy athletic ...

Background Prenatal exposure to maternal adverse life events has been associated with offspring ADHD, but the role of familial confounding is unclear. We aimed to clarify if adverse life events during pregnancy are ...

In this work hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) fast-dissolving thin films for oral administration are investigated. Furosemide (Class IV of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System) has been used as a model drug for ...

Once assumed only to be a waste product of anaerobe glycolytic activity, lactate is now recognized as an energy source in skeletal muscles. While lactate metabolism has been extensively studied in vivo, underlying cellular ...

More than 90% of the cases of Parkinson's disease have unknown etiology. Gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra is the main cause of morbidity in this disease. External factors such as environmental toxins ...

The goal of this study is to examine the extent to which child temperament predicts the adiposity rebound, a steep increase in the body mass index (BMI) between ages 5 and 7 years. If this increase occurs at an earlier ...

Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNA) are regulators of cell functions and circulating sncRNAs from the majority of RNA classes are potential non-invasive biomarkers. Understanding how common traits influence ncRNA expression is ...

Determination of proteins in complex biological matrices has massive attention and is exploited in many different scientific disciplines. Routinely, proteins are determined using antibody based immuno-metric assays. Although ...

Infections caused by the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen Piscirickettsia salmonis remains an unsolved problem for the aquaculture as no efficient treatments have been developed. As a result, substantial amounts ...

Objective: To assess communication skills training at Nordic pharmacy schools and explore ways for improvement. Methods: E-mail questionnaires were developed and distributed with the aim to explore current practice and ...

Background Epidemiological studies have shown that long-term exposure to paracetamol during pregnancy is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The mechanism by which paracetamol ...

Background Traditionally, drug prescription and follow up have been the sole responsibility of physicians. However, interprofessional medication reviews (IMRs) have been developed to prevent drug discrepancies ...

There is increasing evidence of clinically relevant antiinflammatory effects of monoaminergic antidepressants. PubMed and Ovid databases were searched systematically for the use and efficacy of antidepressants in association ...

There are limited data on the differences in the impact of psoriasis between various countries with respect to quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to explore the psychosocial health of patients with psoriasis ...

Introduction: Good communication skills are essential for pharmacy students to help patients with their medicines. Students' attitudes towards communication skills learning will influence their willingness to engage in ...

Two decades of research into the ligand‐dependent modulation of the activity of the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) have demonstrated the heterogeneous modes of action of PPARγ ligands, in terms of ...

A concept integrating sampling and protein digestion is introduced here combining fast and simple fabrication by wax printing on filter paper with trypsin immobilized polymer beads. The paper reactors showed promising ...

The resolution of inflammation is an active process orchestrated by specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPM) that limit the host response within the affected tissue; failure of effective resolution may lead to tissue ...

A stereodivergent total synthesis has been executed based on the plausibly misassigned structure of the unusual marine hydrindane mucosin (1). The topological connectivity of the four contiguous all-carbon stereocenters ...

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been used as useful sorbents in solid-phase extraction for a wide range of molecules and sample matrices. Their unique selectivity can be fine-tuned in the imprinting process and ...

The dynamics of marine populations are usually forced by biotic and abiotic factors occurring at different intensity levels and time scales. Deriving the time frame within which each factor has a causal influence is important ...

Immunocapture-based bottom-up LC–MS is a promising technique for the quantification of low abundant proteins. Magnetic immunocapture beads provide efficient enrichment from complex samples through the highly specific ...

Lipid droplet (LD) coating proteins are essential for the formation and stability of intracellular LDs. Plin2 is an abundant LD coating protein in skeletal muscle, but its importance for muscle function is unclear. We show ...

17α-estradiol is a hormonally inactive isomer of 17β-estradiol, but with similar potency as neuroprotector. However, we have previously reported that pretreatment with high concentration (10 μM) of both estrogens abolishes ...