Ny forskning har vist at omega-3 fettsyrer, som eikosapentaensyre (EPA), dokosapentaensyre (DPA), og dokosaheksaensyre (DHA), er viktige forløpere til hydroksylerte endogene forbindelser, som dannes i mennesker og dyr. En ...

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent man-made chemicals, ubiquitous in nature and present in human samples. Although restrictions are being introduced, they are still used in industrial processes as well as in ...

Purpose Zuclopenthixol is an antipsychotic available as oral and long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of age on zuclopenthixol exposure during oral and LAI ...

Background: Many drugs with dose-dependent effects on hemodynamic variables are metabolized by cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). The aim of this study was to compare prescribed dosages and hemodynamic responses of such drugs ...

Background Healthcare services such as diabetes risk-assessment are increasingly common in community pharmacies. Knowledge of community pharmacists’ experiences of such services could ease the implementation of a larger-scale ...

Abstract Clozapine (CLZ) is the superior antipsychotic drug for treatment of schizophrenia, but exhibits an extensive interpatient pharmacokinetic variability. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study ...

Background Women with unplanned pregnancies use folic acid less frequently, and more often use potentially teratogenic medications in the first trimester. Yet most studies based on routinely collected data lack information ...

The objective of this work was to develop and characterize solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN)-loaded mucoadhesive films to reveal their potential as successful drug formulations. SLNs based on lipid (Lipoid S100) and surfactant ...

Obesity is associated with comorbidities of which pharmacological treatment is needed. Physiological changes associated with obesity may influence the pharmacokinetics of drugs, but the effect of body weight on drug ...

Background Epigenetic clocks have been recognized for their precise prediction of chronological age, age-related diseases, and all-cause mortality. Existing epigenetic clocks are based on CpGs from the ...

Background According to previous studies, older patients frequently have serum concentrations of antidepressant medication above the recommended reference range. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate ...

Abstract Primary human myotubes represent an alternative system to intact skeletal muscle for the study of human diseases related to changes in muscle energy metabolism. This work aimed to study if fatty acid and glucose ...

Mucosal drug delivery accounts for various administration routes (i.e., oral, vaginal, ocular, pulmonary, etc.) and offers a vast surface for the permeation of drugs. However, the mucus layer which shields and lubricates ...

Increased exploitation of resources in sensitive marine ecosystems emphasizes the importance of knowledge regarding ecological impacts. However, current bio-monitoring practices are limited in terms of target-organisms and ...

Objective To investigate the effect of pharmacist-led medicines management in multimorbid, hospitalised patients on long-term hospital readmissions and survival. Design Parallel-group, randomised controlled trial. Setting ...

The thermal and oxidative degradation behavior and the corrosiveness of imidazole (Im), 2-methylimidazole (2MIm), 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole (2E4MIm), 2,4,5-trimethylimidazole (2,4,5MIm), and 1,2,4,5-tetramethylimidazole ...

Abstract Genes and proteins show variable expression patterns throughout the human body. However, it is not clear whether relative differences in mRNA concentrations are retained on the protein level. Furthermore, ...

Needle-free uptake across mucosal barriers is a preferred route for delivery of biologics, but the efficiency of unassisted transmucosal transport is poor. To make administration and therapy efficient and convenient, ...

Bakgrunn: Mengden legemidler på markedet øker stadig og flere er svært potente. Samtidig kan et økende antall sykdommer behandles eller forebygges og nasjonale retningslinjer angir ofte bruk av flere medikamenter enten for ...

Bakgrunn Humant immunsviktvirus (HIV)-infeksjon har gått fra å kunne gi dødelig sykdom, til å kunne gi en kronisk ikke-dødelig sykdom. Takket være legemiddelterapien har HIV- rammede en livslengde tilnærmet normalbefolkningen. ...

Purpose The β-1 adrenergic receptor blocker metoprolol is primarily metabolized by the polymorphic enzyme cytochrome P 450 2D6 (CYP2D6), an enzyme with substantial genetic heterogeneity. Our purpose was to investigate the ...

Purpose Limited research has focused on the association between prenatal thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) and motor function, communication skills, and behavior in preschool children. Here, we estimated the ...

Abstract Adequate antipsychotic treatment intensity is required for defining treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) and justifying clozapine treatment. We investigated the occurrence of undetectable or subtherapeutic serum ...

Background Concerns have been raised about the use of opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) during pregnancy and negative effects for the offspring. While neonatal outcomes and short-term effects are relatively well ...

A series of 36 dual functionalized N-(poly)ethylen glycol N-allyl-/N-benzyl imidazolium and benzimidazolium ILs were synthesized for extractive desulfurization studies (EDS). The novel ILs were readily prepared from imidazole ...

Sammendrag Bakgrunn All behandling med antikoagulantia bør gjøres etter individuell vurdering av hver enkelt pasient, særlig for den eldre pasientgruppen. Regionale legemiddelinformasjonssentre (RELIS) mottar mange ...

Objective: To explore the trends in prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Telemark, Norway (latitude 58.7-60.3˚N), over the past two decades, with focus on differences between rural and urban areas. Methods: ...

Disruption of neurite outgrowth is a marker for neurotoxicity. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are potential developmental neurotoxicants. We investigated their effect on neurite outgrowth in PC12 rat pheochromocytoma ...

Abstract Objective: To pinpoint the earliest cellular defects underlying seizure onset (epileptogenic period) during perinatal brain development in a new zebrafish model of Dravet syndrome (DS) and to investigate potential ...

Cyclooxygenase-2 and several lipoxygenases convert polyunsaturated fatty acids into a large variety of products. During inflammatory processes, these enzymes form several distinct families of specialized pro-resolving lipid ...

Background Studies on medication-related problems (MRPs) among pregnant women are scarce, despite the potential consequences for both mother and child. This study aimed to describe the prevalence, clinical significance, ...

Electromembrane extraction (EME) in small, stagnant and chip-like devices has the potential for future in-field operation. Literature briefly discuss such systems, but performance suffered from evaporative losses of sample ...

Background: Population-based pharmaco-epidemiologic studies are used to assess postmarketing drug safety and discover beneficial effects of off-label drug use. We conducted a drug-wide association study (DWAS) to screen ...

It is unclear to what extent parental influences on the development of internalizing problems in offspring are explained by indirect genetic effects, reflected in the environment provided by the parent, in addition to the ...

Summary of thesis EME is an emerging sample preparation technique and a supported liquid membrane (SLM) is an important part of it. In this literature-based study, organic solvents used as SLM was reviewed. Prior to ...

Objective: To describe epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) data of bacteria causing invasive infections in Norwegian children (0–18 years). Methods: Population-based observational study ...

The volume, composition, and movement of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are important for brain physiology, pathology, and diagnostics. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the main structure that produces CSF, the ...

Flagellar motility is considered an important virulence factor in different pathogenic bacteria. In Listeria monocytogenes the transcriptional repressor MogR regulates motility in a temperature-dependent manner, directly ...

In the present work, we study the photodynamic action of cercosporin (cerco), a naturally occurring photosensitizer, on human cancer multicellular spheroids. U87 spheroids exhibit double the uptake of cerco than T47D and ...

Living donors (LDs) are preferred over DDs for renal transplantation in children due to superior GS. Oslo University Hospital has never restricted living donation by upper age. The aim of this study was to investigate ...

Background The use of HbA1c ≥6.5% for diagnosis of diabetes has been challenged for post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) also known as new onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) due to a low ...

Hensikt: Hensikten med denne studien var å kartlegge behandlings- og forskrivningstrender av fluorokinoloner ved Sykehuset Namsos, og videre kartlegge om valg av fluorokinoloner er i tråd med Nasjonal faglig retningslinje ...

Puwainaphycins (PUWs) and minutissamides (MINs) are structurally analogous cyclic lipopeptides possessing cytotoxic activity. Both types of compound exhibit high structural variability, particularly in the fatty acid (FA) ...

Sammendrag Bakgrunn: Antibiotikaresistens er et globalt problem i dag og settes på linje med for eksempel klimaendringsproblemet. Høyt forbruk av antibiotika (inkludert mye feilbruk) både til dyr og mennesker, den omfattende ...

An experimental/computational approach has been successfully applied in order to study the effect of solubilizing vehicles (cyclodextrins and liposomes) on the passive diffusion of four active pharmaceutical ingredients ...

Background Knowledge of risk factors for drug-related hospitalizations (DRHs) is limited. Aim To examine the prevalence of DRHs and the relationships between DRHs and various variables in multimorbid patients admitted ...

Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) er en stor bærfrukt som har opprinnelse i Sør-Amerika. Tomatplanten ble innført til Europa på 1500-tallet og bruken av tomat som mat, er i dag verdensomspennende. I denne oppgave ble struktur- ...

For centuries, infectious diseases had a huge toll on the global mortality and morbidity rates. Antibiotics emergence was fundamental for the process of controlling, preventing and fighting infectious diseases, regardless ...

In recent years there has been increased attention to child neurodevelopment in studies on medication safety in pregnancy. Neurodevelopment is a multifactorial outcome that can be assessed by various assessors, using ...

Legemiddelassistert rehabilitering (LAR) er en behandling som tilbys pasienter med heroinavhengighet. Behandlingen ble tilgjengelig i Norge på 1990-tallet, og består i å erstatte heroin med et langtidsvirkende opioid. ...

I dette arbeidet har det blitt utviklet en thiol-ene basert mikrochip for elektromembranekstraksjon (EME) koblet direkte til kapillærelektroforese (CE) og UV-deteksjon. EME-chipen har potensial for framtidige analyser ...

Background Kidney transplantation is considered to be the treatment of choice for people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, due to the shortage of available organs and the increase in the ESRD ...

Objectives To examine risk perception, beliefs about migraine medications and medical adherence among pregnant and breastfeeding women with migraine. Design and setting Cross-sectional study conducted in Norway from ...

In this study, self-assembling Soluplus® micelles were examined for inherent properties. Through calorimetric analysis, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) could be determined at 25 and 37 °C, and the influence of ...

The synthesis of a hitherto unknown fatty acid analog presented in this thesis is based on the initial synthesis of two main fragments, termed the α- and the ω-fragment, respectively. The analog is then to be assembled by ...

Bakgrunn: Humane skjelettmuskelceller i kultur dyrkes fra satellittceller isolert fra muskelbiopsier. I hvilken grad type muskel in vivo betyr noe for fenotype av muskelceller in vitro har tidligere vært lite studert. ...

A pivotal matter to aquaculture is the sourcing of sustainable resources as ingredients to aquafeeds. Levels of plant delivered oils as source of fatty acids (FA) in aquafeeds have reached around 70% resulting in reduced ...

Anatomical changes in the gastrointestinal tract and subsequent weight loss may influence drug disposition and thus drug dosing following bariatric surgery. This review systematically examines the effects of bariatric ...

Background Antibiotic resistance is a global health threat. Public knowledge is considered a prerequisite for appropriate use of antibiotics and limited spread of antibiotic resistance. Our aim was to examine ...

Hypothyroidism is a thyroid dysfunction defined by inadequate production of thyroid hormones. This dysfunction is common (3%) in pregnant women and women of reproductive age. When the condition occurs during pregnancy, the ...

Background The prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus is increased among patients with severe mental disorders, and particularly use of second generation antipsychotic drugs is associated ...

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are treated with renal replacement therapy (RRT), which consist of either dialysis or renal transplantation. Pharmacological therapy is essential for these patients, but can be ...

Sammendrag Bakgrunn: Innføring av e-resept i 2011 har bidratt til en effektiv samhandling mellom pasient, behandlere og apotek. Imidlertid har det blitt identifisert et økende antall doble og uaktuelle resepter i den ...

In this study, gellan gum (GG), a natural polysaccharide, was used to fabricate spherical porous beads suitable as sustained drug delivery systems for oral administration. GG was cross-linked with calcium ions to prepare ...

Heroin is one of the most addictive drugs of abuse, but heroin itself is considered an inactive prodrug which acts mainly through its metabolites. The work of this doctoral thesis highlights the role of heroin’s first ...

Bakgrunn Samfunnservervet pneumoni (CAP) er en infeksjon i de nedre luftveiene, ervervet utenfor sykehus eller annen helseinstitusjon, eller innenfor 48 timer etter sykehusinnleggelse. CAP rammer ca. 1 % av den vestlige ...

INTRODUKSJON: Kronisk obstruktiv lungesykdom (kols) er en alvorlig sykdom forbundet med mange symptomer. Inhalasjonspreparater er førstevalget i behandling av kols. Det er svært viktig med korrekt inhalasjonsteknikk for å ...

Albatrellus ovinus, the sheep polypore, is a large, dense mushroom being rich in cell wall material. Polysaccharides were isolated by sequential extraction, enzymatic treatment and analyzed with respect to monosaccharide ...

Many women experience anxiety or sleep disorders during pregnancy and require pharmacological treatment with benzodiazepines (BZDs) or z-hypnotics. Limited information is currently available on how prenatal exposure to ...

Often referred to as “the master gland”, the pituitary is a key organ controlling growth, maturation, and homeostasis in vertebrates. The anterior pituitary, which contains several hormone-producing cell types, is highly ...

The NMDA-receptor is a central part of the machinery that enables us to learn, form memories and develop a normal brain. It is expressed all over the central nervous system and is responsible for signalling between nerve ...

Background Recent studies have suggested an association between prenatal paracetamol exposure and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. However, these findings may be confounded by unmeasured factors related ...

Background and aims Intranasal (i.n.) naloxone is an established treatment for opioid overdose. Anyone likely to witness an overdose should have access to the antidote. We aimed to determine whether an i.n. formulation ...

Purpose The purpose of the study is to identify and explore risk factors of serious adverse drug events (SADE) and SADE-related admissions in acutely hospitalized multimorbid older adults and assess whether these could ...

Importance: Hypothyroidism during pregnancy is associated with neurodevelopmental delays in the offspring. However, it remains unknown whether prenatal thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) has benefits regarding ...

Data-independent acquisition (DIA) is a powerful mass spectrometric technique to perform both protein identification and quantification of complex protein samples. Setting up DIA methods on Orbitrap analyzers requires a ...