User participation in company’s innovation processes is an efficient way for companies to receive customer feedback and it is associated with value for customer-company relationship and for company’s innovation. Innovation ...

Digitalization of the health sector is surrounded by major challenges and frequent turbulence also triggered by the collective ownership attached to public sector campaigns. The main reasons for the extensive challenges ...

The study argues that state-led development reforms are the preconditions necessary for structural transformation and long-term, large-scale health information systems (HIS) digitalization in developing countries. However, ...

This thesis describes, discusses, and critically examines how Research through Design was used in an Interaction Design research project to produce design-relevant knowledge. The project focused on exploring and understanding ...

A maritime simulator is a training and research platform for marine operations. Such simulators are frequently used to prepare marine operators for maritime industries in western Norway. Although maritime simulators were ...

Cloud computing is a paradigm of distributed computing in which users share resources by storing data and executing processes in common data centers. A key factor for the success of this paradigm is virtualization technology, ...

Computational models are an absolutely necessary tool in many engineering disciplines. For example, computational models are used to predict tomorrow’s weather, to optimize the aerodynamics of new aircraft, and to ensure ...

This thesis asks: “How can health information platforms handle heterogeneity by distributing flexibility among multiple actors?” and uses material from both developing countries and a developed nation to answer this question. ...

Reinventing journalism by using the capabilities of the computer as the medium is called for to increasingly reach audiences both online and in mobile contexts. Based on several case studies, this thesis investigates ...

Cloud Computing has seen a tremendous popularity in last several years. A scalable and efficient data center network is essential for a performance capable cloud computing infrastructure. This thesis provides practical ...

The advent of the Internet of Things, sensor and social networks, to mention just a few examples, all contribute towards the solid establishment of the Big Data era. High Performance Computing (HPC) becomes necessary for ...

Small, low cost, radar systems have exciting applications in monitoring and imaging for the industrial, healthcare and Internet of Things (IoT) sectors. We here explore, and show the feasibility of, several single bit ...

Most Software Product Lines are built from a set of existing products, that is re-engineered into reusable assets following feature location approaches. Traditional feature location approaches target program code, neglecting ...

Down-scaling of the supply voltage is considered as the most effective means of reducing the power- and energy consumption of integrated circuits (ICs). Reduction in the power- and energy consumption is highly beneficial ...

This thesis is an interpretive qualitative research study exploring the use of welfare technology in elderly care. In Norway, health care and social services for elderly people are important parts of the welfare policy. A ...

Analysis of large amounts of data, so called Big Data, is changing the way we think about science and society. One of the most promising rich Big Data sources is mobile phone data, which has the potential to deliver near ...

Wave-motion modeling and mathematical optimization have a vast variety of applications in research and industry. Marcus Noack, PhD fellow at Simula Research Laboratory, delved deep into the theoretical and numerical ...

Technology is playing an increasingly important role in society's response to the emerging need of caretaking of the oldest citizens. This dissertation presents a design approach that focuses on capabilities rather than ...

Communication between two Internet hosts using parallel connections may result in unwanted interference between the connections. In this dissertation, we propose a sender-side solution to address this problem by letting ...

The main aim of the thesis is to contribute to a semi-autonomous active sensing system for needle tracking during percutaneous needle insertion. The objective is twofold: first to develop a system for acquiring ultrasound ...

Model-driven engineering is an approach that has increased in popularity during the course of the last couple of decades. In model-driven engineering models are first-class artefacts, which provides the software engineers ...

Ensuring the functional quality of database applications is a very important problem in software testing, yet few innovative solutions and empirical studies are reported on the subject. Database applications are widely ...

In the last few decades, the number of people suffering from chronic diseases that require continuous treatment and monitoring has been on the rise. To achieve a more cost-efficient health care system, and to offer better ...

This thesis addresses how dyslexia affects information search, a topic which has received little attention in previous research. A total of 42 students (21 dyslexics and 21 controls) completed three experiments; one visual ...

The continuous increase of sophisticated cyber security risks exposed to the public, industry, and government through the web, mobile devices, social media, as well as targeted attacks via state-sponsored cyberespionage, ...

In Norway, about one out of 2000 babies born is deaf, which means up to 20–30 children are born deaf every year. Some become deaf later due to diseases like meningitis or because of disease during pregnancy. In recent ...

This research provides an investigation of the phenomenon of mutual shaping between technologies and law, its ontological explanation in the interconnected transdisciplinary abstractions of complex systems (“design work”, ...

This dissertation discusses a broad range of problems concerning the use of the SPARQL query language on the open, publicWeb. It is motivated from seeing decentralisation of data and infrastructure as an important social ...

This thesis investigates theoretical aspects of 1-bit signal processing and contains published papers describing many different CMOS implementations that utilize such processing. So-called Suprathreshold Stochastic Resonance ...

Few could have imagined the vast developments made in the field of fractional calculus which was first merely mentioned in the year 1695 in a correspondence between the pioneers of calculus, Leibniz and L’Hôpital. However, ...

Cardiac ultrasound is a key component in modern cardiology, and is widely used to assess and quantify the heart’s anatomy and function. In the past two decades, real-time 3-dimensional ultrasound has emerged as a promising ...

Current studies on image quality have identified contrast as an important perceptual attribute. Four practical algorithms for image contrast have been proposed in this research work. The first algorithm is for measuring ...

This thesis is an illustration of an action research study framed within a pragmatic worldview in a developing country context. It was undertaken with the aim of harnessing the potential of training in cultivating communities ...

Publish/subscribe (pub/sub) is a popular communication paradigm in the design of large-scale distributed systems. We are witnessing an increasingly widespread use of pub/sub for a wide array of applications both in industry ...

In the wake of ‘the mobile revolution’ there has been an immense upsurge in mobile phone based health innovations, or mHealth for short. Expected efficiency gains and health benefits with such innovations, however, have ...

This thesis is about the relations between humans and machines, or more precisely, between humans and automation by way of ICTs. Automation can increase both human autonomy as well as human dependence on automation. While ...

This dissertation is organized as a collection of papers, where each paper represents original research contributions relating to the design and analysis of ultra low power CMOS, with a particular emphasis on ultra low ...

Flerkjerne-prosessorer som grafikkprosessorer (GPUer) og Xeon Phi leverer enorm beregningskraft med et lavt effektforbruk. Denne egenskapen har ført til at slike prosesseringsenheter på kort tid har blitt svært populære ...

This thesis presents new optimisation methods for daily planning in hospitals. Implemented in software, these methods can contribute to shorter waiting times for urgently ill patients, such as cancer patients, as well a ...

Skilled developers are important to the software industry. In empirical studies in software engineering, knowing the skill level of the participants is also important for correct interpretation of results. The current ...

Bilexical dependencies capturing asymmetrical lexical relations between heads and dependents are viewed as a practical representation of syntax that is well-suited for computation and intelligible for human readers. In the ...

Processor architectures have been evolving quickly since the introduction of the central processing unit. For a very long time, one of the important means of increasing per- formance was to increase the clock frequency. ...

Excessive and unpredictable end-to-end latency is a major problem for today’s Internet performance, affecting a range of applications from real-time multimedia to web traffic. This is mainly attributed to the interaction ...

Flight control systems, railway interlocking systems, and nuclear reactor protection systems are examples of safety critical systems from different industrial domains. A safety critical system within any of these domains ...

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology has been applied extensively in logistic and supply chain applications. Long-range passive RFID systems offer higher reliability and flexibility compared to conventional ...

A fast segmentation of tubular tree structures like vessel systems in volumetric datasets is of vital interest for many medical applications. This is especially valid for planning and navigation in catheter based interventions ...

The increasing popularity of virtualized services and cloud computing, offering elastic and scalable computing resources challenges software engineering methods by asking a number of new questions: How can we integrate ...

This thesis focuses on model-driven software product line development, which is the combination of the following two software development paradigms: (1) Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), which focuses on modeling software ...

This thesis presents a new modelling framework for dialogue management based on the concept of probabilistic rules. Probabilistic rules are defined as if...then...else constructions associating logical conditions on input ...

Conservation laws describing one or more conserved quantities in time arise in a multitude of different scientific areas. Mathematically, conservation laws are expressed as partial differential equations (PDEs). In this ...

This thesis studies exact rational parametrizations of blends between the natural quadrics. The first part focuses on fixed and variable radius rolling ball blends as patches on canal surfaces. Closed formulae for the blend ...

Fractional calculus is the generalization of integer-order calculus to rational order. This subject has at least three hundred years of history. However, it was traditionally regarded as a pure mathematical field and lacked ...

High-impact systems, notably systems used in health care, public infrastructure, traffic control, and finance, depend on a data management facility that can tolerate many types of failure. In addition, the prevalent adoption ...

There are several strong indications for a profound connection between musical sound and body motion. Musical embodiment, meaning that our bodies play an important role in how we experience and understand music, has become ...

The thesis formulates effective strategies for delivery of streaming content for mobile users in resource-limited networks. We consider the entire end-to-end delivery path from the source to the destination. In the work, ...

Front propagations described by static Hamilton-Jacobi equations can be used to simulate folded geological structures. Simulations of geological folds are a key ingredient in the Compound Earth Simulator (CES), an industrial ...

Video streaming has gone a long way from its early years in the 90’s. Today, the prevailing technique to stream live and video on demand (VoD) content is adaptive HTTP segment streaming as used by the solutions from for ...

Concurrency is a ubiquitous phenomenon in modern software ranging from distributed systems communicating over the Internet to communicating processes running on multi-core processors and multi-processors. Therefore modern ...

Radio frequency (RF) micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) capacitive switches are expected to be a very promising technology for many microwave and wireless applications since they can provide low loss, low-power consumption, ...

Recent advances in telecommunication and networking have a potential to influence healthcare management and healthcare delivery processes in a manner that was not possible several years ago. Numerous wireless and mobile ...

There are strong indications that musical sound and body motion are related. For instance, musical sound is often the result of body motion in the form of sound-producing actions, and muscial sound may lead to body motion ...

Micro-scale energy harvesting from motion has received increasing research interest. The energy harvesters can be used as replacements for batteries in low-power wireless electronic devices. Conventional vibration energy ...

The topic of this dissertation is bitrate adaptive media streaming to receivers in mobile wireless networks. This work was motivated by the recent explosion in popularity of media streaming to mobile devices. Wireless ...

In today’s society, we are dependent on a number of services provided by interconnected systems. These services may be anything from electricity to services provided by social media platforms. Interconnected systems are ...

Due to varying demands by customers, some software systems need to be configurable and need to have optional features. Customers then configure their system according to their special needs and select the features they ...

Ultra-wideband (UWB) has emerged as a very promising technology for short-range communication systems. The ultrashort duration of UWB waveforms gives rise to the potential ability to provide high-precision ranging and ...

The aim of this thesis, and the research behind it, is to shed some light on the topic of scaling of IS, specifically scaling of Health Information Infrastructures (HII). There are both theoretical and practical motivations ...

This thesis presents the study of the dynamics of global/local interplay of standards related to the development and implementation of Health Information Systems (HIS) with a primary focus on Tajikistan. These standards ...

This thesis addresses the use of radar for heartbeat and respiration monitoring. Medical radar can be used for detecting vital signs at distances up to several meters. A medical radar works by transmitting electromagnetic ...

A central part of the ubiquitous computing world of today is Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), consisting of node-based components in a mesh that detects the environment around it. The sensing and radio part of the WSN ...

Deterministic, transition-based parsing has seen a surge of interest over the recent decade, with research efforts targeting Dependency Grammar, Context-Free Grammar, Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG), and ...

Modern computing systems, such as supercomputers, data centers and multicore chips, generally require efficient communication between their different system units; tolerance towards component faults; flexibility to expand ...

Code smells are indicators of software design shortcomings that can decrease software maintainability. An advantage of code smells over traditional software measures is that the former are associated with an explicit set ...

This thesis studies how the multi-core hardware architecture can be efficiently used for real-world scientific applications that arise from computational cardiology and computational geoscience. The investigation has been ...

It is both an experimental and theoretical fact that imaging of scatterers using bandlimited signals results in what is known as a diffraction-limited image. As a consequence, the best possible resolution obtained from a ...

Health reform initiatives in most developing countries include introduction of information and communication technologies (ICTs). Conventio nally, it is thought that the introduction of ICTs will also help to modernize ...

Software product-line engineering is a paradigm for developing software applications through reuse and mass customization. A product family provides a repository of reusable components, where each component has a number ...

Real-time embedded systems (RTES) are part of a vast majority of computing devices available today. They are widely used in critical domains where high system dependability is required. These systems typically work in ...

Critical systems such as those found in the avionics, automotive, maritime, and energy domains are often subject to a formal process known as certification. The goal of certification is to ensure that such systems will ...

Countless applications use the propagation and reflection of sound to gain better knowledge of the surrounding medium. This medium can, for instance, be made of a set of complex and heterogeneous biological tissues or of ...

As of today, sonar imaging is the most effective means of documenting the subsea environment. Existing sonar imaging systems generally rely on conventional beamforming methods to form the image. While conventional beamformers ...

Ny forskning innenfor feltet trådløse sensornettverk åpner for nye og innovative produkter og løsninger. Biomedisinske anvendelser er blant områdene med størst potensial og det investeres i dag betydelige beløp for å bruke ...

Devices capable of connecting to two or more different networks simultaneously, known as host multihoming, are becoming increasingly common. For example, most laptops are equipped with a least a Local Area Network (LAN) ...

The explosive deployment of wired and wireless communication infrastructure has recently enabled many novel applications and sparked new research problems. One of the unsolved issues in today’s Internet – the main topic ...

The rapid development of network communication infrastructure enables networked multimedia streaming applications ranging from on-demand video streaming to highly interactive video conferencing. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technologies ...

The basic function of the Internet is to forward messages hop-by-hop towards their destination hosts. A single message has only one destination and the network does not provide a mechanism for delivering a message to ...

In this thesis I present a study of a route planning system within the field of Computer Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW), based on a case within the Accessibility field. A route planner client running on mobile phones ...

We build computer programs by creating named abtractions, aggregations of behaviour that can be invoked by referring to the name alone. Abstractions can be nested, meaning we can construct new, more powerful abstractions ...

The aim of our research is to assess image quality of prints without the involvement of human observers. The printing industry is continuously moving forward as new products and technologies are introduced to the market. ...

Component-based system development causes challenges for security and safety as upgraded components may interact with a system in unforeseen ways. Due to their lack of modularity, conventional risk analysis methods are ...