The promotion of responsible and sustainable trade in biological resources is widely proposed as one solution to mitigate current high levels of global biodiversity loss. Various molecular identification methods have been ...

Airborne pollen monitoring is of global socio-economic importance as it provides information on presence and prevalence of allergenic pollen in ambient air. Traditionally, this task has been performed by microscopic ...

Imported plants frequently spread from where they are planted — forestry conifers being a prime example. A particular species may spread rapidly into many ecosystems across a large area, or its spread may be more gradual ...

Anthropogenic inputs of nutrients and organic matter are common in tropical lowland rivers while little is known about the pollution-induced changes in oxygen availability and respiratory performance of ectotherms in these ...

Balancing selection, an evolutionary force that retains genetic diversity, has been detected in multiple genes and organisms, such as the sexual mating loci in fungi. However, to quantify the strength of balancing selection ...

Abstract The new mineral, illoqite-(Ce), with the ideal formula Na 2 NaBaCeZnSi 6 O 17 , has been discovered in the Taseq Slope, Ilímaussaq Alkaline Complex, Southern Greenland. Illoqite-(Ce) occurs in a hyperalkaline ...

Abstract The fauna of streams in the High Arctic, dominated by chironomids, is shaped by extreme environmental conditions that represent the physiological limits for benthic invertebrates. Despite their ecological importance, ...

Abstract Besides being central for understanding both global biodiversity patterns and associated anthropogenic impacts, species range maps are currently only available for a small subset of global biodiversity. Here, we ...

Abstract In northern European Cochlearia (Brassicaceae), considerable chromosome variation has taken place without corresponding morphological differentiation, resulting in an intricate species complex including ...

Abstract There is an imminent need to collect information on distribution and abundance of polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ) to understand how they are affected by the ongoing decrease in Arctic sea ice. The Kane Basin (KB) ...

The global distribution of vegetation is largely determined by climatic conditions and feeds back into the climate system. To predict future vegetation changes in response to climate change, it is crucial to identify and ...

During efforts to generate DNA barcodes for all European Lepidoptera, Batrachedra pinicolella (Zeller, 1839) was found to comprise two genetically distinct clusters. Morphological investigation and results from two nuclear ...

Significance Resilience is required to withstand or mitigate the effect of human-induced climate change. Today whole ecosystems are affected by climate change, but our understanding of their evolution and natural ...

Eight new species of Eucosmocydia Diakonoff are described and illustrated from the Afrotropical region: E. pappeana Brown and Razowski, new species (TL: Kenya); E. deinbolliana Brown and Razowski, new species (TL: Kenya); ...

Abstract The East Greenland-Svalbard-Barents Sea (EGSB) bowhead whale stock ( Balaena mysticetus ) was hunted to near extinction and remains Endangered on the International Union of Conservation of Nature Red List. The ...

Dichelia constanti Rebel, 1894 is transferred to the genus Lopharcha Diakonoff, 1941 resulting in the combination Lopharcha constanti (Rebel, 1894) comb. n. Lopharcha africana Aarvik, sp. n. is described from Tanzania. ...

The Indo-Burma bioregion, as a global biodiversity hotspot, supports an exceptionally high biodiversity, but freshwater ecosystems are now increasingly impacted by human activities while biomonitoring approaches are lacking. ...

To bolster restoration efforts necessary to mitigate environmental degradation, relevant indicators, measurable targets, and assessments of ecosystems’ progress towards recovery are essential. These are particularly important ...

Prominent among the models for protocells is the spherical biosurfactant shell, freely suspended in aqueous media. This model explains initial, but not subsequent events in the development process towards structured ...

Abstract The GREENPEG project, which is funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 ‘Climate action, environment, resource efficiency and raw materials’ programme, aims to develop multimethod exploration toolsets for ...

This article describes an attempt at sourcing hydrothermal quartz crystals from the Early Mesolithic site Mohalsen-I by comparing four pieces of debitage with quartz crystal samples from 19 known quartz crystal occurrences ...

The characterisation of quartz grains’ chemical and mineralogical properties in sediments and sedimentary rocks is widely used in provenance studies. This paper analyses quartz grains from the coarse sand fraction in soils ...

A nomenclature and classification scheme for wöhlerite-group minerals has been established. The general formula of minerals belonging to this group is given by X8(Si2O7)2W4, where X = Na+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Ti4+, Zr4+ and Nb5+; ...

Among life history traits, offspring size has one of the most direct impacts on fitness, influencing growth, recruitment and survival of the individual, therefore affecting population, and ultimately macroevolutionary ...

Background A robust molecular phylogeny is fundamental for developing a stable classification and providing a solid framework to understand patterns of diversification, historical biogeography, and character ...

Extant Canis lupus genetic diversity can be grouped into three phylogenetically distinct clades: Eurasian and American wolves and domestic dogs.1 Genetic studies have suggested these groups trace their origins to a wolf ...

Freshwater ecosystems in the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot face immediate threats through habitat loss and species extinction. Systems to monitor ecological status and trends in biodiversity are therefore crucially needed. ...

Vegetation is an important component in global ecosystems, affecting the physical, hydrological and biogeochemical properties of the land surface. Accordingly, the way vegetation is parameterized strongly influences ...

Abandonment of agricultural land is a process described from different regions of many industrialized countries. Given the current focus on land use, land use change and food security, it appears highly relevant to develop ...

Abstract The taxonomy of Sistotremastrum (Trechisporales, Basidiomycota) is revised based on morphology and DNA data. The genus is shown to be polyphyletic, and therefore it is split into two units— Sistotremastrum s. str. ...

In this study, we use low-coverage shotgun sequencing of genomic DNA, commonly referred to as genome skimming, to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of the fungus gnat genus Allodia Winnertz (Mycetophilidae, ...

Poleward shifts in species distributions are expected and frequently observed with a warming climate. In Arctic ecosystems, the strong warming trends are associated with increasing greenness and shrubification. Vertebrate ...

1. The restriction site-associated DNA (RADseq) family of protocols involves digesting DNA and sequencing the region flanking the cut site, thus providing a cost and time-efficient way for obtaining thousands of genomic ...

Information about the distribution of a study object (e.g., species or habitat) is essential in face of increasing pressure from land or sea use, and climate change. Distribution models are instrumental for acquiring such ...

Distribution modeling methods are used to provide occurrence probability surfaces for modeled targets. While most often used for modeling species, distribution modeling methods can also be applied to vegetation types. ...

Genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are crucial for adaptive immunity, and theory predicts that the optimal number of alleles is intermediate rather than maximal. Support for such an intermediate optimum ...

Environmental change and increasing levels of human activity are threats to marine mammals in the Arctic. Identifying marine mammal hotspots and areas of high species richness are essential to help guide management and ...

When females copulate with multiple males, pre- and post-copulatory sexual selection may interact synergistically or in opposition. Studying this interaction in wild populations is complex and potentially biased, because ...

The saltmarsh sparrow Ammospiza caudacuta and Nelson's sparrow A. nelsoni differ in ecological niche, mating behavior, and plumage, but they hybridize where their breeding distributions overlap. In this advanced hybrid ...

Morphologically similar species, that is cryptic species, may be similar or quasi-similar owing to the deceleration of morphological evolution and stasis. While the factors underlying the deceleration of morphological ...

Landscapes and ecosystems all over the world are changing at an increasingly rapid rate. Systematically structured knowledge about nature’s diversity is a prerequisite for knowledge-based spatial planning and nature ...

Water temperatures control life histories and diversity of aquatic species. Hydropower regulation, particularly in high head systems, alters natural water temperature regimes, which may have profound and long‐term impacts ...

Genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity jointly shape intraspecific trait variation, but their roles differ among traits. In short- lived plants, reproductive traits may be more genetically determined due to their ...

Resolution of relationships at lower taxonomic levels is crucial for answering many evolutionary questions, and as such, sufficiently varied species representation is vital. This latter goal is not always achievable with ...

Aim Many thematic land cover maps, such as maps of vegetation types, are based on field inventories. Studies show inconsistencies among field workers in such maps, explained by inter-observer variation in classification ...

Earth's heat budget is strongly influenced by spatial and temporal variations in surface heat flow caused by plate tectonic cycles. Here, we use a novel set of paleo‐seafloor age grids extending back to the mid‐Paleozoic ...

This study deals with the first Norwegian records of the ichneumonid wasp Misetus nordicator Selfa, 1995. 24 males and one female were recorded from 13 Norwegian localities in the period 1996–2016: i.e. Østfold [Ø] Halden: ...

Silene (Caryophyllaceae) is distributed predominantly in the northern Hemisphere, where it is most diverse around the Mediterranean Basin. The genus is also well represented in North Africa, extending into tropical, ...

Background and aims – Many Aloe species are globally threatened due to overharvesting for trade and habitat destruction. CITES regulates their international trade. In Tanzania, 50% of all existing Aloe species had previously ...

Abstract Monitoring of airborne pollen concentrations provides an important source of information for the globally increasing number of hay fever patients. Airborne pollen is traditionally counted under the microscope, but ...

Abstract The two most abundant minerals in the Earth’s lower mantle are bridgmanite and ferropericlase. The bulk modulus of ferropericlase (Fp) softens as iron d-electrons transition from a high-spin to low-spin state, ...

In species with multiple mating, intense sexual selection may occur both before and after copulation. However, comparing the strength of pre- and postcopulatory selection is challenging, because (i) postcopulatory processes ...

Trace elements of quartz document the physical-chemical evolutions of quartz growth, which has been a great and most applied tool in the study of geological settings in quartz-forming environments. A classic method is using ...

Long-term observations of ice phenology in lakes are ideal for studying climatic variation in time and space. We used a large set of observations from 1890 to 2020 of the timing of freeze-up and break-up, and the length ...

Amazonia encompasses extensive forests in areas that are periodically inundated by overflowing rivers. The inundation depth and duration vary according to the slope of the terrain and distance to major water bodies. This ...

Abstract Background and Aims The Arctic tundra, with its extreme temperatures and short growing season, is evolutionarily young and harbours one of the most species-poor floras on Earth. ...

Christen Smith tok medisinsk embetseksamen i København i 1808, men det var botanikk som var hans store lidenskap. Han ble utnevnt til Norges første professor i botanikk i 1814 og fikk i oppdrag å bygge opp botanisk hage ...

Global warming is affecting the population dynamics and trophic interactions across a wide range of ecosystems and habitats. Translating these real-time effects into their long-term consequences remains a challenge. The ...

Long-term patterns of phenotypic change are the cumulative results of tens of thousands to millions of years of evolution. Yet, empirical and theoretical studies of phenotypic selection are largely based on contemporary ...

The organic-rich shales of the Middle Triassic Botneheia Formation in Svalbard and its correlative units offshore are considered important source rock intervals for oil and gas generation in the Norwegian Barents Shelf ...

Global declines in biodiversity highlight the need to effectively monitor the density and distribution of threatened species. In recent years, molecular survey methods detecting DNA released by target-species into their ...

With the change to one scientific name for fungal taxa, generic names typified by species with sexual or asexual morph types are being evaluated to determine which names represent the same genus and thus compete for use. ...

Populations of large mammals have declined at alarming rates, especially in areas with intensified land use where species can only persist in small habitat fragments. To support conservation planning, we developed habitat ...

The Mediterranean specimens of the genus Microporella collected from shallow water habitats during several surveys and cruises undertaken mostly off the Italian coast are revised. As a result of the disentanglement of the ...

1. Warming in the Arctic is predicted to change freshwater biodiversity through loss of unique taxa and northward range expansion of lower latitude taxa. Detecting such changes requires establishing circumpolar baselines ...

Biodiversity informatics is a new and evolving field, requiring efforts to develop capacity and a curriculum for this field of science. The main objective was to summarise the level of activity and the efforts towards ...

A molecular genetic study of the Arrhenia acerosa complex using the ITS fungal barcoding marker revealed unexpected diversity along a cascading group supporting over 20 lineages. Among these, we identified five previously ...

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation ...

Abstract Spiders (Araneae) have a diverse spectrum of morphologies, behaviors, and physiologies. Attempts to understand the genomic-basis of this diversity are often hindered by their large, heterozygous, and ...

This is the first of two comprehensive taxonomic works on the early Miocene (ca. 23–20 Ma) bryozoan fauna associated with coral reefs from the Siamaná Formation, in the remote region of Cocinetas Basin in the La Guajira ...

The resin of Canarium strictum Roxb. is used for rheumatism and asthma; the bark is used as a mosquito repellent. The major compounds in the resin are triterpenoids, but as no studies have been performed on the bark, this ...

Abstract Opsins are light-sensitive proteins involved in many photoreceptive processes, including, but not limited to, vision and regulation of circadian rhythms. Arthropod (e.g., insects, spiders, centipedes, ...

In this paper, past plant knowledge serves as a case study to highlight the promise and challenges of interdisciplinary data collection and interpretation in cultural evolution. Plants are central to human life and yet, ...

Abstract Globuligerina glinskikhae nov. sp. Gradstein & Waskowska and Globuligerina waskowskae nov. sp. Gradstein are new species of Jurassic planktonic foraminifera from the Middle Jurassic of Dagestan and Poland. ...

Differences in gendered knowledge about plants are contingent on specific cultural domains. Yet the boundaries between these domains, for example food and medicine, are sometimes blurred, and it is unclear if and how gender ...

The lesser Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean is known as a biodiversity hotspot, hosting many endemic species. However, recent introduction of a highly invasive species, the Australian redclaw crayfish (Cherax ...

Bryozoans are common and diverse in fossil and modern coral reefs. However, studies of bryozoans in ancient reefs are generally limited, and even less is known about fossil bryozoan faunas associated with coral reefs in ...

Norwegian Journal of Entomology: http://www.entomologi.no/journals/nje/nje.htm. Norsk entomologisk forening: http://www.entomologi.no/index.htm

The large flood pulse of the Amazon basin is a principal driver of environmental heterogeneity with important implications for ecosystem function and the assembly of natural communities. Understanding species ecological ...

We studied time-series fluxes of radiolarian particles collected by two sediment traps deployed at the eastern (Sta. NAP12t) and western (Sta. CAP12t) sides of the Chukchi Borderland in the Chukchi Sea from 04 October 2012 ...

This review addresses the state of the art of the systematics and the improvements in the biology, ecology and species diversity of the two annelid taxa Parergodrilidae and Orbiniidae, the early branching group of Orbiniida ...

The oral microbiome plays key roles in human biology, health, and disease, but little is known about the global diversity, variation, or evolution of this microbial community. To better understand the evolution and changing ...

Reconstructing past events of hybridization and population size changes are required to understand speciation mechanisms and current patterns of genetic diversity, and ultimately contribute to species' conservation. Sea ...

Abstract Purpose Large parts of the Amazon rainforest grow on weathered soils depleted in phosphorus and rock-derived cations. We tested the hypothesis that in this ecosystem, fine roots stimulate ...

Abstract Protozoan predators form an essential component of activated sludge communities that is tightly linked to wastewater treatment efficiency. Nonetheless, very little is known how protozoan predation is channelled ...

The helminth fauna of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in the Norwegian subalpine lake, Øvre Heimdalsvatn was studied by examination of gills, eyes, body cavity, kidney, stomach, pyloric region and intestine in a total of 112 ...

A female specimen of Cydia leguminana (Lienig & Zeller, 1846) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) was found in Western Norway in Møre og Romsdal at Molde: Eikesdalen, Ljåstranda in June 2020. The Circumstances of the record, the ...

Molecular-based monitoring relying on environmental DNA (eDNA) detection became routinely used around the world in the last few years, especially in aquatic environments. The large potential and increasing applications of ...

Exechia is a diverse genus of small fungus gnats, widespread in the Holarctic Region, while the fauna is largely unknown elsewhere, such as in the Afrotropical and Oriental Region. Members of Exechia can be arranged into ...

We report the presence of the North American Crangonyx floridanus co-occurring with C. pseudogracilis in two Irish rivers, following surveys in three rivers, eleven lake sites and an ornamental pond in 2020. This is the ...

Introductions of invasive non-native species (and their subsequent impacts) are recognized as a major threat to native flora and fauna. This is especially true in island ecosystems such as the tropical island of Martinique. ...

Alpine plant radiations are common across all major mountain systems of the world, and have been regarded as the main explanation for the species diversity found within these areas. To study the mechanisms behind the origin ...

Abstract The concept of evolvability—the capacity of a population to produce and maintain evolutionarily relevant variation—has become increasingly prominent in evolutionary biology. Paleontology has a long history ...

A male specimen of Phyllonorycter schreberella (Fabricius, 1781) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) was found in western Norway in Vestland at Lærdal: Husum in June 2021. The circumstances of the record, the species' biology, ...

Climate change is causing upward shift of forest lines worldwide, with consequences for soil biota and carbon (C) sequestration. We here analyse compositional changes in the soil biota across the forest line ecotone, an ...

Examining the supposition that local-scale competition drives macroevolutionary patterns has become a familiar goal in fossil biodiversity studies. However, it is an elusive goal, hampered by inadequate confirmation of ...

Larger molecular phylogenies based on ever more genes are becoming commonplace with the advent of cheaper and more streamlined sequencing and bioinformatics pipelines. However, many groups of inconspicuous but no less ...