The thesis is written within the field of special education. It has examined issues related to assessing students' social functioning and reading proficiency. Early and accurate identification of students´ specific ...

Background The Cochrane review on the effectiveness of speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke suggests intensity of therapy is a key predictor for outcome. Current aphasia services cannot ...

Elevmedvirkning danner et viktig fundament for selvbestemmelse, men både selvbestemmelse og elevmedvirkning er ofte mangelvare for elever med utviklingshemming. I denne artikkelen reflekteres det over hvorfor elevmedvirkning ...

The overarching objective of this thesis is to examine how we best can predict, facilitate and support the development of reading comprehension. The three studies that make up this thesis are based on longitudinal and ...

Research regarding highly intelligent adolescents in Scandinavia is scarce. We know little about highly intelligent adolescents’ experiences with the school-system and how they experience their social relationships and ...

Objectives: Health-related factors are part of the multifactorial background of dysphonia in children. Respiratory tract infections affect the same systems and structures that are used for voice production. The purpose of ...

Objectives: Resonance tube phonation with tube end in water is a voice therapy method in which the patient phonates through a glass tube, keeping the free end of the tube submerged in water, creating bubbles. The purpose ...

We examined the manifestation of dyslexia in a cross-linguistic study contrasting English and Greek children with dyslexia compared to chronological age and reading-level control groups on reading accuracy and fluency, ...

Word list reading fluency is theoretically expected to depend on single word reading speed. Yet the correlation between the two diminishes with increasing fluency, while fluency remains strongly correlated to serial digit ...

There is a long history of research on parents and caregivers of individuals within autism. Parents and other primary caregivers typically play the most important part in the lives of persons with ASD although the need for ...

The autism mental status exam is an eight-item observational assessment that structures the way we observe and document signs and symptoms of ASD. Investigations of test performance indicate strong sensitivity and specificity ...

Purpose The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to establish a baseline of the vowel and consonant identification scores in prelingually and postlingually deaf users of multichannel cochlear implants ...

Objective: To describe telehealth interventions delivered by allied health professionals and nurses in rural and remote areas, and to compare the effects of telehealth interventions with standard face-to-face interventions. Data ...

Social functioning and reading proficiency are critical for success in school and society. Therefore, identifying children with such problems is important. This study had 2 parts: first, a random sample of 234 elementary ...

During reading acquisition, word recognition is assumed to undergo a developmental shift from slow serial/sublexical processing of letter strings to fast parallel processing of whole word forms. This shift has been proposed ...

Specific word reading difficulty, commonly termed ‘developmental dyslexia’, refers to the low end of the word reading skill distribution but is frequently considered to be a neurodevelopmental disorder. This term implies ...

Purpose: The study compared how parents of children with cochlear implants (CIs) and parents of children with normal hearing perceive their children's health-related quality of life (HR-QOL). Method: The sample consisted ...

The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between children’s knowledge of letter-sound rules (“grapheme-phoneme knowledge”) and their ability to identify separate graphemes (e.g., SH, OI) that comprise words ...

Background Knowledge about preschool predictors of later reading comprehension is valuable for several reasons. On a general level, longitudinal studies can aid in generating understanding and causal hypotheses about ...

Objectives To explore the impact of parental ethnicity on cochlear implantation in children in Norway with regard to incidence rates of cochlear implants (CIs), comorbidies, age at onset of profound deafness (AOD), age at ...

Background: Previous studies have found significant associations between maternal prenatal and postpartum depression and child behavior problems (CBP). The present study investigates whether associations remain in a ...

Background: More knowledge about the interaction between young children with autism spectrum disorder and their parents is one way to improve intervention. This study aims to investigate the behaviours of mothers and ...

I Utdanningsdirektoratets rammeplan for barnehagen (2015) framheves det at barnehagen skal være et inkluderende fellesskap med plass til det enkelte barnet, der alle barn skal oppleve at de selv er betydningsfulle personer ...

This study describes the adaptation and validation of the American Institute for Research (AIR) Self-Determination Scale for use in Norwegian research and education. The study contributes to the field by enabling reliable ...

Background: This study examined how adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities define qualities of friendship and discussed the extent to which these definitions adhere to established definitions of close friendship ...

Curriculum content, the issue of what to teach is fundamental. For students with intellectual disabilities (ID), the choice of educational content is crucial in a life span perspective. Curriculum research for this learner ...

Background: Students with intellectual disabilities may lack sufficiently developed skills to initiate qualitatively good social interactions; thus, they might be in need of assistance. This study examined special education ...

Qualitative interviews form an efficient tool when wanting to access the subjective experiences of an individual. For respondents with intellectual disability, facilitation of the interview may be necessary to help them ...

The aim of the current study is to determine what language activities Norwegian preschool children took part in, and to examine whether these language activities predict children’s language comprehension. We tested children ...

Being able to set personal high-quality goals and having the skills to make plans for goal attainment are associated with higher performance, increased student involvement at school, and higher levels of self-determination. ...

Portrayals of characters with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or with autistic traits on film and in TV-series are increasing. Such portrayals may contribute in increasing awareness of the condition but can also increase ...

This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Elementary Social Behaviour Assessment (ESBA), a teacher-report measure of students’ social skills and academic engagement adapted for use in Norwegian schools. ...

The negative impact of increased bolus modification on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in persons with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) has been described in previous literature; however, findings may have been influenced ...

Portrayals of characters with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in films and TV series are subject to intense debate over whether such representations are accurate. Inaccurate portrayals are a concern as they may lead to ...

Leseforståelse kan ses som nøkkelen til læring og skolefaglig fungering. Siden narrativ kompetanse har vist seg å være en av komponentene som har betydning for utviklingen av leseforståelse, undersøkes sammenhengen mellom ...

In conjunction with the rise in prevalence of diagnosed autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there has been a boom in TV and movie characters who sit somewhere along—or in close proximity to—the autism spectrum. These media ...

This dissertation is concerned with how disruptive behavior appears in school. The study emphasizes the kinds of disruptive behavior that occur during class, and how it manifests itself in the classroom. The study is mainly ...

To understand the interaction between sensory experiences and cognition, it is critical to investigate the possibility that deprivation in one sensory modality might affect cognition in other modalities. Here we are concerned ...

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Purpose: We investigated whether participants who reported more often occurring vocal symptoms showed higher salivary cortisol levels and if such possible associations were different for men and women. Method: The ...

Objective: The background for dysphonia is multifactorial and health related factors have been listed among the factors affecting voice. In previous studies with adult participants, allergy and asthma have been indicated ...

Objectives: The prevalence of voice problems has been investigated in various occupations, but research investigating sports coaches' voice problems seems to be limited even if coaches are an occupational group whose work ...

Purpose: Oxytocin and arginine vasopressin are associated with different aspects of the stress response. As stress is regarded as a risk factor for vocal symptoms, we wanted to explore the association between the oxytocin ...

We evaluated the dual route cascaded (DRC) model of visual word recognition using Greek behavioural data on word and nonword naming and lexical decision, focusing on the effects of syllable and bigram frequency. DRC was ...

Orthographic learning refers to the acquisition of knowledge about specific spelling patterns forming words and about general biases and constraints on letter sequences. It is thought to occur by strengthening simultaneously ...

Formålet med studien er å observere bruk av språkstimulerende kommunikasjon i barnehagen der barn som bruker cochleaimplantat og pedagoger er involvert, samt å se på sammenhengen mellom språkstimulerende kommunikasjon og ...

The purpose of this research was to gather the voices of students undertaking a Master’s programme on Special and Inclusive Education by exploring their perceptions of what they have learned about inclusive education during ...

This study investigates behavioral executive functions (EFs) in the mathematics classroom context among adolescents with different mathematics performance levels. The EF problems were assessed by teachers using a behavioral ...

Listening comprehension and word decoding are the two major determinants of the development of reading comprehension. The relative importance of different language skills for the development of listening and reading ...

Introduction: Studies show that patients' perception of their illness has a direct influence both on their utilization of health services and their adherence to treatment plans. This may be particularly relevant to the ...

Purpose: Successful communication depends on language content, language form, and language use (pragmatics).Down syndrome (DS) experience communication difficulties, however little is known about their pragmatic profile, ...

Background: There is a need for more knowledge about the utilization of habilitation services outside school among children with mild intellectual disability (ID). Specific aims. The aim of this study was to describe the ...

Evidence and experience indicate that children with isolated epileptiform activity during sleep (nocturnal epileptiform activity [NEA]) often have language impairments. However, this relationship is not fully understood. ...

Different language skills are considered fundamental for successful reading and spelling acquisition. Extensive evidence has highlighted the central role of phonological awareness in early literacy experiences. However, ...

Poker is a popular game, especially among male students. It is known to be highly time-consuming and might lead to players dropping out from education. Yet little is known about why it is so time-consuming. In this article, ...

This study aims to develop knowledge of essential counseling competencies in the Educational Psychological Counseling Service (EPCS). Through semi-structured interviews with six counselors, the essential competencies of ...

This cross-sectional study examined the development of morphological awareness in Greek children 4–7 years old. A distinction was adopted between epilinguistic control, evidenced in judgment tasks and indicative of elementary ...

Background: Children with language comprehension difficulties are at risk of educational and social problems, which in turn impede employment prospects in adulthood. However, few randomized trials have examined how such ...

Vokabular synes å være av avgjørende betydning for hvordan barn med Down syndrom utvikler seg og fungerer innenfor en rekke områder, som f.eks. språk- og leseferdigheter, sosial fungering samt kvaliteten på inkluderingen ...

Språklige ferdigheter virker inn på mulighetene til sosial samhandling,selvbestemmelse og aktiv deltakelse i lek- og læringssituasjoner. Barn med Down syndrom er i risiko for utvikling av språkvansker og har derfor behov ...

We examined cross-linguistic effects in the relationship between serial and discrete versions of digit naming and word reading. In total, 113 Mandarin-speaking Chinese children, 100 Korean children, 112 English-speaking ...

Disability is increasingly salient as a word and increasingly heterogeneous as a category. Multiple interest groups and professions define disability in different ways, making it impossible to achieve a unitary theoretical ...

I denne studien har vi sett på ordforråd, avkodingsferdigheter og leseforståelse hos tre grupper andreklassinger som har hatt ulike muligheter til å lære seg norsk: minoritetsspråklige barn, utenlandsadopterte barn og ...

Puheäänen korkeuteen (F0) vaikuttavat anatomisten ja biologisten tekijöiden lisäksi erilaiset sosiokulttuuriset ja behavioraaliset käyttäytymismallit. Äänenkäytön kannalta epäoptimaaliset mallit voivat johtaa jopa ...

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of an educational computer game, Lola’s World, on low-performing children’s early numeracy skills. Four preschools with 33 children from families of low socio-economic ...

The term ‘inspiration porn’ is associated with disability advocacy in general and the late activist and comedian Stella Young in particular. It has come into widespread usage over the last few years. I propose the following ...

This study investigated an adaptation of the Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) measure of the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills into a European context for the Norwegian language, which has a more transparent ...

I denne avhandlingen utforskes betydningen av ordkunnskap for utviklingen av leseforståelse. Temaet belyses gjennom tre empiriske studier: I den første studien, en metaanalyse, ble relasjonen mellom vokabular i førskolealder ...

Purpose This study investigated the stability and growth of preschool language skills and explores latent class analysis as an approach for identifying children at risk of language impairment. Method The authors present ...

Background In languages with lexical stress, reading aloud must include stress assignment. Stress information sources across languages include word-final letter sequences. Here, we examine whether such sequences account ...

Denne avhandlingen handler om hvordan faglærere og spesiallærere i matematikk på 9. trinn opplever at de samarbeider om elever som har enkeltvedtak om spesialundervisning i matematikkfaget. Det har de siste 50 år vært ...

Early numeracy skills are highly relevant for children’s mathematics learning at school, especially in the initial years when much mathematics learning relies on early numeracy competence. The aim of this study was to ...

Background: It is important to provide early educational support for children having weak mathematical skills, in order to prevent possible later mathematical learning difficulties. Currently, there is a lack of research-based ...

As disability becomes an ever more salient concept in international political and legal discourse, its social meaning must be better understood. Traditionally defined in medical terms and as an individual problem, it has ...

Sex differences in typical development can provide context for understanding ASD. Baron-Cohen (Trends Cogn Sci 6(6):248–254, 2002) suggested ASD could be considered an extreme expression of normal male, compared to female, ...

Formålet med undersøkelsen er å utvikle kunnskap om foreldreskapserfaringer blant fedre og mødre som hadde alvorlige atferdsvansker og barnevernserfaringer tidligere i livet. Undersøkelsen bygger på og er et delprosjekt ...

The purpose of this study was to explore the hypothesis that teaching students knowledge of word forms and meanings supports the development of decoding and linguistic comprehension, which are fundamental components of ...

Ole Ivar Lovaas (1927-2010) is known worldwide for his research within the field of Applied Behavior Analysis, and is probably the most influential researcher within the field of treatment of children with autism. In the ...

ThinkMath - verkkopalvelu (http://blogs.helsinki.fi/thinkmath) on esi-ja alkuopetusikäisten lasten kanssa toimiville kasvattajille suunnattu ilmainen verkkosivusto, josta löytyy tutkimukseen perustuvaa tietoa ja ...

Abstract We evaluated the effect of morphological awareness training delivered in preschool (8 months before school entry) on reading ability at the end of grade 1 and 5 years later (in Grade 6). In preschool, one group ...

Background: Practitioners and researchers have asserted for decades that social functioning is a strength in children with Down syndrome (DS). Nevertheless, some studies have concluded that children with DS may be at greater ...

This study investigated the role of teacher directiveness in educational dialogues as it relates to several types of dyads and child engagement. The effect of directive teacher behavior, such as the use of instructions and ...

The everyday communication of children is commonly observed by their parents. This paper examines the responses of parents (n = 18) who had both a Cochlear Implant (CI) and a Normal Hearing (NH) child. Through an online ...

In this study of third grade school children, we investigated the association between writing process measures recorded with key stroke logging and the final written product. Moreover, we examined the cognitive predictors ...

Deaf education has evolved at a rapid rate world over. Reasons for the evolution are several and include reforms in and expanded roles in primary education, special needs education and teacher education, research, technological ...

Objective: Recently there has been emerging clinical and research interest in the application of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the treatment of anorexia nervosa ...

Sentence repetition tasks are widely used in the diagnosis and assessment of children with language difficulties. This paper seeks to clarify the nature of sentence repetition tasks and their relationship to other language ...

Statistical learning (SL) studies have shown that participants are able to extract regularities in input they are exposed to without any instruction to do so. This and other findings, such as the fact that participants are ...

Hovedtema for denne avhandlingen er spesialundervisningens tiltakskjede i grunnskolen. Det dreier seg om en sammenhengende kjede av tiltak som tar sikte på å oppdage og gi en sakkyndig vurdering av behovet for spesialundervisning, ...

Denne rapporten presenterer resultater fra forskningsprosjektet ”Utenlandsadopterte barns tidlige utvikling i sine nye familier” som gjennomføres ved Institutt for spesialpedagogikk, Universitetet i Oslo. Prosjektet startet ...

We report a systematic meta-analytic review of studies comparing reading comprehension and its underlying components (language comprehension, decoding, and phonological awareness) in first- and second-language learners. ...

Formålet med undersøkelsen er å utvikle kunnskap om hva som karakteriserer det tidlige samspillet i adoptivfamilier. Etablering av samspill i adoptivfamilier har et annet utgangspunkt enn samspillet i biologiske familier. ...

Friluftsliv er i denne undersøkinga plassert innafor eit spesialpedagogisk felt, med eit læringsorientert fokus. Det generelle formålet med undersøkinga er å auke kunnskapen om og forståinga av friluftsliv som sosialt ...

The purpose of this doctoral study was to explore the applicability and outcome of constraint induced language therapy (CILT) on verbal expressive speech in early aphasia rehabilitation, that is, one to four months post ...

Presbyacusis is the most common cause of hearing loss and is considered to be among the three most commonly reported chronic health problems of the elderly. In future years, the problem is predicted to be aggravated as the ...

International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) er et internasjonalt rammeverk for beskrivelser av helserelaterte tilstander (herunder også funksjonshemming). På norsk har ICF fått navnet ...