Background Innovation through an open source model has proven to be successful for software development. This success has led many to speculate if open source can be applied to other industries with similar ...

Socioeconomic differences in health, is a well known problem in most countries, also in Norway. Studies show that there exists a social gradient; a step-wise increase in health as socioeconomic status (SES) increases. The ...

Abstract: This master thesis is a part of the project initialised by the Ministry of Health and Care Services in order to evaluate the effects of the transfer of financial responsibility to the Regional Health Authorities. ...

Background Cancer places a considerable burden on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Information on own disease can both help patients to cope with symptoms and side-effects, and make them more competent ...

Å forstå regelverket er en krevende øvelse i helsetjenesten. En forutsetning for forståelse er at det foreligger en anerkjennelse av eksistens. Flere av våre respondenter kjente ikke til regelverket, ei heller de lovene ...

Background: Schizophrenia is a major public health problem throughout the world and known to be a major cause of disability. Antipsychotic medications are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia and olanzapine and ...

Abstract Background: In medical publications, effectiveness of health interventions for chronic diseases is usually expressed as absolute risk reduction (ARR), number-needed-to-treat (NNT) or relative risk reduction (RRR). ...

BAKGRUNN: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-hemmere og andre biologiske inflammatoriske legemidler blir brukt annet innen reumatologi. Noen av legemidlene blir gitt til pasientene i sykehus gjennom infusjon, men andre blir tatt ...

Many European nations have instituted publicly reimbursed breast cancer screeningprograms. Internationally, private opportunistic screening is also available in numerous countries. Opportunistic screening is screening ...

”Det skal sikres effektive og trygge prehospitale tjenester med høy kvalitet og tilstrekkelig kapasitet, som understøtter den funksjonsdeling som etableres innenfor det enkelte sykehusområdet og i regionen som helhet” står ...

This study investigates inequality in the supply of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) treatment for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in Norway during the years 1999 to 2007. The study aims to assess whether consumption ...

The Norwegian health care system is complex and multileveled, with numerous different services. For a patient or next of kin navigating through the system can be both difficult and time-consuming. Studies have shown that ...

Background: The intention of this study was to see if there have been any changes in the labour supply of hospital physicians after the implementation of the hospital reform in 2002. Several studies have shown that physicians ...

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid leakage and other complications followed from transsphenoidal surgery when removing pituitary tumours are rare but serious. Through studies and clinical trials, Tachosil® has proven to be ...

OPPSUMMERING Før arbeidet med oppgaven startet hadde vi gjort oss opp en mening om hvem morgendagens eldre var med bakgrunn i erfaringer fra vårt virke som sykepleier og leder i kommunehelsetjenesten. Vi forventet at de ...

BAKGRUNN: Hensikten med denne studien var å undersøke hvordan de nasjonale retningslinjene for de biologiske legemidlene TNF (tumor nekrose Faktor alfa) hemmere er implementert på avdelingsnivå i sykehus. Studien ble utført ...

Konflikter eksisterer i alle organisasjoner og i alle grupper. Konflikter oppstår imidlertid ofte som følge av frustrasjoner skapt av strukturelle elle fysiske forhold på arbeidsplassen, som for eksempel organisering av ...

Abstract Back ground End -stage heart failure is an increasing problem in the western (developed) countries[1]. It is a major health care issue whose frequency is alarmingly increasing. Heart transplantation has been a ...

Er den spesielle barnekirurgien I Norge hensiktsmessig organisert? -en vurdering av volum, kvalitet, kompetanse, valgmuligheter og finansiering. Sammendrag av oppgaven: Valg av tema Denne oppgaven omhandler organisering ...

The objective of this study is to investigate whether an informal care leave arrangement (ICLA) is socially profitable or not. A methodology for doing such an analysis is Cost-Benefit analysis where all social benefits and ...

Å forstå regelverket er en krevende øvelse i helsetjenesten. En forutsetning for forståelse er at det foreligger en anerkjennelse av eksistens. Flere av våre respondenter kjente ikke til regelverket, ei heller de lovene ...

This paper studies the extent to which the principle of “equal access” and “equal use for equal need” is maintained in the specialist health care delivery system of Norway. We include three types of specialist health care ...

Objective To answer five research questions: Do Norwegian physicians know about the three important aspects of EBM? Do they use EBM methods in their clinical practice? What are their attitudes towards EBM? Has EBM in their ...

Nasjonalt folkehelseinstitutt (FHI) ble opprettet i 2002 som ledd i fornyelsen av den sentrale sosial- og heleforvaltning. I det nye instituttet ble flere tidligere selvstendige virksomheter samlet under én og samme ledelse. ...

Background/aims: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic, cholestatic liver disease that progresses to liver cirrhosis. Patients who develop end-stage liver disease are candidates for liver transplantation. Several ...

Denne avhandlingen handler om turnuslegers læring gjennom yrkespraktisering. Den handler om turnusleger i sykehuspraksis og om overgangen fra studier til yrkesutøvelse. I artiklene og sammenfatningen gir jeg beskrivelser ...

It has been observed that persons with cri du chat syndrome have poor language production. However, very few studies have addressed the question whether all aspects of language production are equally afflicted, or whether ...

Background: In this paper I want to investigate if text messages reminders have an effect on attendance in a psychiatric district centre in Oslo, Norway. In addition I want to investigate if there is a difference in ...

Background: Developing countries experiences an increasing burden of disease as well as challenges financial and human resources. Good information about the current situation of the health situation is important in planning, ...

ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to test the theoretical implications of the Grossman health demand model and to examine the determinants of self-assessed health in Oslo. The data set consists of a cross-sectional, ...

ABSTRAKT Bakgrunn Institute of Medicine publiserte rapporten ”To Err is Human” i november 1999. Denne rapporten avslørte at det årlige antallet uheldige hendelser som forårsaket dødsfall på amerikanske sykehus, kunne være ...

Performance improvement of a hospital or any organization cannot be achieved without having a winning strategy and an improvement of a sustainable competitive advantage. I look at patients` and staff satisfaction as a ...

BACKGROUND: The intention of this thesis has been to investigate the functional form of the preferences for health – in particular whether or not the preferences for health are linear. The reason for this is because linear ...

Summary All patients in a Norwegian tertiary care university hospital were screened for hospital acquired infection (HAI) on six dates during 2005 and 2006. The hospital costs for all patients were estimated according to ...

Western countries devote significant resources to prevention of chronic illnesses, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD). Consequently, life expectancy increases but deaths from other causes, such as cancer, also rise. ...

Abstract: When entering the market, pharmaceutical firms face various regulatory factors that will influence the producer prices for their products. Price competition occurs when generic medicines enter the market. Previous ...

Background: Health care in most Western European countries is affected by high expenditures and high demands from patients. In a world of overload of medical information, health authorities try to identify the diagnostic ...

ABSTRACT The world is changing, and with it our ideas about the states role in economic and social development. This quotation shows that governments throughout the world are reconsidering their role in the health ...

Health reforms and an increasing demand for quality and effectiveness have put pressure on the health care sector. The increased need for innovation requires the health sector to undertake certain moves, and constant changes ...

Abstract Background: One of the consequences of the increased migration activity is the growth in the number of undocumented immigrants. Many of them end up living in difficult life conditions and require health care. Some, ...

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm is the 10th leading cause of death representing 1.3% of all fatalities among men aged 65-85 in the Western countries. Screening procedures are available, but the cost-effectiveness for ...

Background There is variation in the number of response alternatives used within health-related questionnaires. This study compared a four-and a five-point scale version of the Norwegian Function Assessment ...

Although the Norwegian healthcare system serves as a typical example of a Scandinavian welfare state model, based on public funding and ownership of the hospitals, the turn of the millennium introduced an increase in the ...

Arbeidet med å etablere dette forslaget til budsjettmodell har skjedd i to faser: En analytisk fase som dokumenterer og forklarer variasjoner i behovs- og kostnadsforhold mellom HFene og en normativ fase som omfatter design ...

Høsten 2003 inngikk Sykehuset Innlandet en avtale med Institutt for helseledelse og helseøkonomi om delvis finansiering av et doktorgradsprosjekt. Dette doktorgradsprosjektet er nå i ferd med å bli ferdigstilt, og har ledet ...

Den norske sykehusreformen som ble iverksatt fra 2002, innebar særlig to endringer. For det første overtok staten fylkeskommunenes eieransvar over spesialisthelsetjenesten. For det andre ble institusjonene organisert som ...

Sammendrag Aldri tidligere har det offentlige anvendt en større andel av samfunnets ressurser på å sørge for helsetjenester til befolkningen. I 2006 ble om lag hver sjette krone over statsbudsjettet direkte disponert til ...

The objective of my research study is to find the problems and challenges of coordinating health and social care services for chronic or long term mental care patients. And what can be done to alleviate the problems and ...

SAMMENDRAG Den offentlige tannhelsetjenesten i Akershus skal, i henhold til Lov om tannhelsetjenesten, som fylkeskommunal virksomhet sørge for at tannhelsetjenester, herunder spesialisttjenester, i rimelig grad er tilgjengelige ...

The purpose of this thesis has been to understand the mechanisms that interact in large organizational development processes. Who are the actors, how is their choices shaped and what will this shaping have to say for the ...

The concept of quality has been one of the most dominating and influential “meta-ideas” globally over the last twenty years, invading both the private and the public sector (Czarniawska & Sevón, 1996). Akershus university ...

Bakgrunn: Forekomsten av hjerneslag i Norge forventes å øke med 50 % fram mot 2030. Behovet for helsetjenesteressurser til denne gruppen er betydelig, og allerede i dag synes spesialisthelsetjenestens tilbud på dette ...

This essay explores the historical development of the Norwegian development aid policy from the 1950ies until recently. The main purpose of the essay is to determine whether or not there has been a shift towards a more ...

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of severe vision loss in the developed world. Through clinical trials, treatment with ranibizumab has proved to be more effective than photodynamic ...

Background Depressive disorders place a great burden on society and rank as the fourth leading cause of burden among all diseases. (WHO 2001) Antidepressants are the first-line treatment for major depressive disorder in ...

Background: Norwegian guidelines recommend treatment with bisphosphonates for women considered at high risk of osteoporosis. Alendronate is the most used bisphosphonate. Recently the price of alendronate has fallen by 75% ...

One major motivation for writing this thesis is the curiosity around how our public finances are administered. Ahus, as all other hospitals, is administering public resources derived from taxes. The resources should be ...

Background: The topics in this paper are “If, and to what extent, privatization and competition within the health care service has effected the costs” and “If, and to what extent, privatization and competition has led to ...

Enkelte menneskers forstyrrede forhold til inntak av mat og drikke, har vært et kjent fenomen i flere tusen år, og omtales allerede i overleveringer fra det gamle Egypt, mer enn 3000 år før vår tidsegning. Dette gjelder i ...

Sammendrag I denne oppgaven drøfter vi sentrale elementer i internkontroll i relasjon til en del sentrale kjennetegn ved den dominerende profesjonen (legene) i sykehus. Formålet er ikke å evaluere om, eller med hvilken ...

Dette er en oppfølgingsstudie om hvordan norske sykehus er ledet og organisert internt. Den første kartleggingen ble gjort i 2001. Denne studien er noe modifisert ved at enkelte spørsmål som ikke fungerte sist er fjernet, ...

BACKGROUND: Economic evaluations are used as a tool for making priorities in the health care sector and this tool should in principle, reflect individuals’ preferences. In economic theory, utility is seen as a way to ...

This master thesis is intended to contribute towards a better patient care. The thesis is related to the coordination complexity of the use of resources and patient logistics within an out-patient and day treatment ...

Background: Cream skimming can be defined as the selective treatment of patients that demand little resources while providing high economic refunds. We test whether cream skimming occurs after the introduction of DRG-based ...

Undersøkelsen av akuttmedisinsk beredskap i spesialisthelsetjenesten er basert på flere datakilder, og omfatter dokumentanalyse, innhenting av registerdata, intervjuer og spørreskjema. I dokumentanalysen inngår diverse ...

Background Doctors have a relatively high degree of emotional distress, but seek help to a lesser degree and at a later stage than other academic groups. This can be deleterious for themselves and for their ...

Background The increasing focus on functional ability assessments in relation to sickness absence necessitates the measurement of population functional levels. This study assessed the reliability of the ...

New health reforms and an increasing demand for quality and effectiveness have put pressure on the health care sector to offer the latest and best treatments. At the same time, many of these new treatments are so radically ...

Background: During 2001-2005, a number of radical legislative moves expanded patient choice in Norway. A similar reform path was followed in the UK, what provides a relatively controlled context and conjuncture. Both ...

Objective: To analyze the effects of a reimbursement reform on somatic hospitals’ efficiency and quality, measured as patient experiences. By the reform a capitation-based block grant system was replaced by an activity-based ...

Et sentralt mål med den statlige overtakelsen og foretaksorganiseringen av sykehusene fra januar 2002, var å oppnå bedre kostnadskontroll (Ot.prp.nr.66 2000-2001; Tønne 2000; Tønne 2001a; Tønne 2001b; Dagsavisen 2001a). ...

In this paper we investigate the economic rationales for the design of health care financing arrangements. We propose a categorization of financing schemes based on a distinction between basic and supplementary services ...

This paper examines what we know, and don t know, about migration of international physicians. It sought to determine if internationally trained medical doctors have similar work qualifications as Scandinavian trained ...

The theme of this thesis is how to organize bilateral academic collaboration. By using one particular case, the University of Oslo, Centre for Medical Studies, Russia, I will focus on how a successful academic collaboration ...

Bakgrunn: Parenteral antibiotikabehandling utenfor sykehus, ofte også kalt OPAT metode, er en velbeskrevet behandlingsmetode i utlandet, særlig i USA hvor man har praktisert dette i over 30 år. Ved riktig pasientvalg er ...

Under denne serietittelen i Digitale utgivelser ved Universitetet i Oslo (DUO) finner du Institutt for helseledelse og helseøkonomi sin egen working paper (arbeidsnotat) serie. I denne serien publiseres aktuell forskning ...

Devolution is in vogue. Over the second half of the 20th century, several Western European countries witnessed major processes of institutional change leading to profound changes in the territorial distribution of government ...

Bakgrunn og formål: Bruken av laboratorieprøver og dermed kostnadene til dette har steget betydelig de siste 10-15 årene. Økningen har i hovedsak vært utenfor myndighetenes kontroll fordi de som bestiller prøver, ikke ...

Fastlegeordningen ble innført i juni 2001 over hele landet. Alle nordmenn skulle ha sin egen fastlege var målet. Denne rapporten gir en beskrivelse av de legebytter som har funnet sted i perioden 2001 til 2004. Beskrivelsene ...

Sammendrag Totalt har salget av legemidler i Norge mer enn tredoblet seg de siste 15 årene; fra 4,9 til 15,7 milliarder kroner (AUP). Veksten er primært begrunnet i økt forbruk av refusjonspliktige legemidler i ...

Organisasjonsundersøkelser blir lite omtalt i metodelitteraturen sammenliknet med individ- og husholdningsundersøkelser, og den litteraturen som finnes, er lite kjent. Formålet med denne rapporten er å problematisere ...

Background General opinion is that doctors are increasingly dissatisfied with their job, but few longitudinal studies exist. This study has been conducted to investigate a possible decline in professional and personal ...

From January 2002 the central government took over the responsibility for, and ownership of, all public hospital in Norway. This hospital reform represents the latest attempt by the central government to resolve what are ...

Bakgrunn: Hovedmålet med innføring av stykkprisfinansiering i 1997 var å stimulere til økt aktivitet, reduserte ventetider og bedre utnyttelse av ressursene. Med utgangspunkt i rater for øre-nese-halsprosedyrer har vi ...

This paper investigates the link between performance measures and decision-making processes in the Norwegian hospital sector. The research findings are expected to add knowledge to the implementation of performance ...

Dette er en oppfølgingsstudie om hvordan norske somatiske sykehus er organisert internt. Den første kartleggingen ble gjort i 2001. Denne studien er noe modifisert ved at enkelte spørsmål som ikke fungerte sist er fjernet, ...

This study examines the effect of ring fencing in surgical departments. Ring fencing means to shield a surgery unit from interrupting emergency cases. The analysis is performed on two levels. First, an intensive three-month ...

This paper investigates the link between budgets, accounting information and the decisionmaking processes at both strategic and operational levels in a large Norwegian hospital, as this hospital now is facing the New Public ...

Dette notatet består av to deler, en utvalgsrapport fra Helse Øst om internt inntektssystem for organisasjonen og et vedlegg som dokumenterer nye analyser basert på oppdatert datamateriale. Utvalgsrapporten beskriver ...

De fem regionale helseforetakene har gjennom vedtakene om foretaksstruktur i flere tilfeller lagt opp til at sykehus som i 2001 var separate enheter, fra og med januar 2002 er slått sammen til større helseforetak. I Helse ...

HORN er et femårig forskningsprogram om ledelse og organisering i helsetjenesten som startet i 2003. Programmet er særlig orientert mot evaluering av endringer i ledelse og organisering av spesialisthelsetjenesten, og av ...

Den landsomfattende fastlegeordningen ble innført i Norge 1. juni 2001. Flere land har lang erfaring med å organisere allmennlegetjenesten på denne måten. I denne rapporten beskrives organisering av fastlegeordningen i ...

Nasjonalt ryggnettverk ble etablert av Sosial- og helsedepartementet i 1999. Nettverket ble etablert i erkjennelse av det store folkehelseproblem rygglidelser utgjør og av at kampen mot dette problem krevde en større, og ...