Innledning: Sosial angstlidelse er en vanlig og invalidiserende diagnose. Pasienter søker ofte ikke behandling for diagnosen, men heller for komorbide tilstander. Selv om mange klinikere anså diagnosen som en unik tilstand ...

The objective of this paper is to survey excess mortality and assess causes of excess mortality in patients with severe mental disorders, and suggest possible interventions. The method was a nonsystematic review of articles ...

Innledning: Norge har et høyt antall registrerte overdoser sammenlignet med andre europeiske land. Nasjonal overdosestrategi kom våren 2014 og denne ønsker å sette i gang tiltak for å redusere antallet overdoser. Det ses ...

About 1 in 1000 children and adolescents are deaf or hard of hearing. It has been hypothesized that they have a higher burden of mental health problems. The studies done so far indicate that the prevalence of mental ...

Background: Amalie Skram is the most prominent female author in the Norwegian literary canon, with her works giving a critical portrayal of the social conditions of her time, as well as an insight into the deeper psychological ...

Seksuelle overgrep er ifølge WHO definert som: enhver seksuell handling eller forsøk på seksuell handling ved bruk av fysiske eller psykiske trusler, overmakt eller tvang, eller dersom personen ikke er tilstand til å gi ...

Objective: The aim of this paper is to examine the literature on the emerging pharmacological treatment options for posttraumatic stressdisorder. Based upon neurobiological research, it's role in today's treatment is ...

Background: Approximately 15 percent of all verified pregnancies end in miscarriage. It is known that spontaneous abortion often cause psychological distress. The women are at risk of suffering from grief, anxiety, depression ...

In fall 2011, the specialist committee of psychiatry of the Norwegian union for doctors suggested a change in the rules of specialization in psychiatry. Among these changes were to include 9 months duration of sub ...

Depresjon er en vanlig tilstand som rammer mennesker over hele verden. Standardbehandlingen av antidepressive medikamenter og psykoterapi er effektivt, men er ikke ideelle behandlingsalternativer. Fysisk aktivitet kan være ...

The field of "Literature and Medicine" has in recent decades received an increased interest, contributing to physicians' humanistic competence in medical practice through texts and methods. In the paper I discuss how ...

In this review the contributions of dopaminergic, glutamergic and GABAergic neuronal pathways to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is discussed. Hypofunction of the N-methyl-D-aspartic (NMDA) receptor at a subpopulation ...

Abstract Background: Various theories support an association between the development of hypertension and psychological factors. Objective: To test the hypotheses that 1) personality factors were stable and 2) there were ...

Title: Music's therapeutic effect on clinical depression Background: Every fifth person will experience depression in their lifetime. World Health Organization ranks depression in fourth place of the ten diseases in the ...

Bakgrunn: Utgangspunktet for denne oppgaven var egne erfaringer med å møte pårørende i krisesituasjoner, som medisinstudent og som hundefører i Norske Redningshunder. Etter hvert som jeg satte meg inn i fagfeltet ble jeg ...

Background: The experiences of women who have negative emotional outcomes, including regret, following an abortion have received little research attention. The present study aims to identify the characteristics of the ...

Abstract: Objective Cognitive therapy and SSRIs are widely used in the treatment of depression. The aim of this article was to review the literature comparing the effects of cognitive therapy and SSRIs in the treatment of ...

Objective: This study investigates if the implicit association test (IAT) can be used to reveal automatic patterns of thought and behaviour in people that self-harm, and to what extent IAT can be a useful tool in clinical ...

Standardbehandling for AD/HD består idag av farmakologisk og adferds-/kognitiv terapi. Selv om medisinsk behandling har vist seg effektivt i å bedre noen av de mest alvorlige symptomene ved ADHD, så har den for opp mot 30 ...

Abstract Objective: The main aim of this project was to examine the effect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) in reducing symptoms for patients with an Ultra High Risk (UHR) for developing psychosis and for patients ...

Objective: It has recently been hypothesized that synaptic plasticity may play an important role in the pathophysiology and treatment of bipolar disorders. In this study, we aimed to induce and assess plastic modifications ...

Background: A significant number of women of childbearing age have bipolar disorder. Several of the drugs used in the treatment of bipolar disorder have been associated with an increased risk of congenital malformation. ...

ABSTRACT Several treatment options are available for Tourette’s syndrome. The main purpose of any treatment is to optimise the quality of life of a patient, but there has to be a balance between achieving that, and the ...

Prospective identification of individuals at risk of psychosis (“prodromal state”) is necessary for early intervention. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of the different prospective assessment instrument used today ...

Objective: The aim of this literature study was to investigate the association between psychotropic drugs taken during the first period of pregnancy and the risk of major congenital malformations. Background: Psychiatric ...

Abstract Background: Panic disorder occurs in 1-2 % of the adult population, and is associated with other psychiatric disorders. There has been a question if there is a higher risk of suicide and attempted suicide in people ...

Elektoconvulsiv therapy (ECT) has been used since the 1930s in the treatment of depressive illness. Views on ECT vary, from those who consider that it is probably ineffective, to those who think it is the most effective ...

Objective: The literature on countertransference reactions evoked by patients with personality disorders is mainly anecdotal.The main aim of this project was to make a review of empirical studies that have examined the ...

Abstract There are two kinds of antidepressants the old TCA and the new SSRI. Both have side effects, but the SSRI has less. One grave side effect with antidepressants is the risk of suicide. 5, 3 % of men and 9, 3 % of ...

Background: In recent years family psychoeducational treatment progams have received increasing interest regarding the treatment of schizophrenia patients. Several studies on the effectiveness of such treatment for ...

Background: The effect of psychopharmacology on clinical features of ongoing bipolar disorder episodes and the course of illness are good, but sometimes not sufficient for achieving remission. During the last decade ...

The aim of this study was to investigate magnetic resonance images (MR) from patients with schizophrenia and healthy control subjects for difference in brain morphology with focus on subcortical brain volumes. Method: The ...

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the long- term effects of participation in a cardiovascular screening program and of dietary counseling on self-reported psychosocial outcomes and health concerns. ...

Treatment options for adult AD/HD. A review of evidence based literature on selected traditional and alternative methods. Background: The purpose of this review, is to evaluate the empirical data behind treatment options ...

Vi ville undersøke effekten av hypnoterapi innenfor pediatri og barne – og ungdomspsykiatriske tilstander. Tidligere metaanalyser og oversiktsartikler har vist nytten av denne behandlingsformen innenfor en stor variasjon ...

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) display a variety of repetitive behaviour. Such conduct is a core feature of ASD. We wanted to observe if there was an association between anxiety and repetitive behaviours among ...

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of mental disorders among persons with severe obesity. Method: I performed a MEDLINE search for the years 2000-2008 using the following terms: Mental ...

Sammendrag Bakgrunn Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD)er karakterisert av hyperaktivitet, impulsivitet og uoppmerksomhet. Tradisjonell behandling er sentralstimulerende medikamenter, psykoterapeutiske metoder ...

Background Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)/ myalgic encephalopathy (ME), has attracted considerable attention in recent decades in the media, research world and clinical practice. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and graded ...

Background Lifetime prevalens for anorexia nervosa is about 0,5%, while the lifetime prevalens for bulimia nervosa is about 1-3%. The true numbers are most likely much higher, especially for bulimia nervosa, because ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate posttraumatic stress reactions in children exposed to bombardment and air raids, and compare observations and interpretations of childrens posttraumatic stress reactions ...

In Norway the length of hospital stays after childbirth has been reduced in the last decades, and the use of patient hotels has increased. We assume this development requires better ability to self care among the women. ...

I have performed a litterature study on the topic Posttraumtic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) in suvivors of childhood cancer. The latest fifteen years this has been the main focus in ...

ABSTRACT Background: As medical students in a psychiatric department, we experienced a lack of using medical guidelines. Our understanding is that clinical guidelines may be helpful in some clinical settings, and wanted ...

Abstract Physical activity as prevention and treatment of depression Background: Almost 50 % of the population will get a mental disorder during their lifetime; the most common form is the mood disorder depression. Over ...

1.0 Abstract Objective: The aim of this review was to identify the most important risk factors for postpartum depression. Background: As a visiting student for three weeks in a Norwegian psychiatric hospital I met a deeply ...

Abstract Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that may develop in individuals exposed to a traumatic event. The lifetime prevalence of traumatic events serious enough to cause subsequent ...

Abstract Aims: To study the effect of a treatment program for flight anxiety, and to assess different factors of flight anxiety. Methods: A cognitive/behavioural treatment program for flight phobia has been conducted by ...

Deliberate self-harm is a serious health problem which is reported by around 3-11% of adolescents in Scandinavia. The prevalence is highest in the age of 15-19 years. Delibrate self-harm is defined as intentionally injuring ...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common condition in childhood and has a great impact on the affected children and their environment. ADHD affects 3-5 % of Norwegian children, and persist into adulthood ...

Objective: To evaluate if the Norwegian guide to diagnosis and treatment of ADHD has included the results form the MTA-study. To find out what the results of the MTA-study can tell us about how we should perform treatment ...

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of sexual abuse and to explore the relationship between sexual abuse and self-reported psychological and somatic health problems as well as use of medications among Norwegian 10th-year ...

BACKGROUND: PTSD is a trauma related anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to one or more frightening events that threatened or caused severe physical harm. Reexperience trough flashbacks and/or nightmares are ...

1 ABSTRACT 1.1 Background: According to recent statistics torture is still practiced in many countries and is most prevalent in low- and middle income countries. In these countries, the availablity of and funding for ...

Objective: To examine the correlation between the level of posttraumatic stress reactions in Norwegian children and their parents exposed to the 2004 tsunami disaster. Method: We assessed the level of PTSD reactions in 307 ...

1 SAMMENDRAG (ABSTRACT) A significant number of infants and toddlers live under condtions of non-optimal care, ranging from normal variance in parents sensitivity to severly deprived institutional rearing. There is a ...

ABSTRACT The Sense Of Coherence in Persian Background: War, political reasons and immigration cause of work, have led people from developing countries to immigrate to industrial countries like Norway. This led us to ...

Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a common problem in childhood. About 20 % of five-year-olds wet the bed at least once a month. This often has a great impact on the children and their families. Still there are many who don’t ...

Abstract Objective: Most patients with an eating disorder are not motivated to change their behavior. Prior research has demonstrated the prognostic value of a stages of change model in predicting outcome. Further, identifying ...

Background: Transsexualism is a worldwide phenomenon known from historic sources in virtually every culture. The phenomenon has been studied since the middle of the 20th century. Some researchers maintain that transsexualism ...

ABSTRACT Background: Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) is a structured psychiatric diagnostic interview. Feasibility, patient acceptability, reliability and validity of MINI have been tested in other ...

Abstracts: The project is based on Dohans Hypothesis from 1966, where he suggests a possible relationship between food intolerance and Schizophrenia. We wanted to find out whether the concentration of peptides is elevated ...

Abstract Background: Cannabis is the world’s most commonly used illicit drug, being used of about 4 % of the total global population between 15 and 64 years of age. After the discovery of the endocannabinoid system there ...

ABSTRACT Objective: To study the patterns of psychotropic drug prescription for patients with diagnoses of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Method: I examined data from the Ullevål 600 Study (321 pharmacologically ...

Background Burnout is a very popular topic, and the public interest in burnout has grown enormously since the mass media eagerly picked up the burnout concept in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Burnout have been described ...

TITLE: Psychiatric illness among immigrants in Norway; patients’ satisfaction and their therapists’ views, trying to get an overview and a possible a project-outline for future research in the field. OBJECTIVE: To investigate ...

ABSTRACT: Our understanding and treatment of children with autism have changed dramatically since Leo Kinner first formally documented this disorder in 1943. This paper looks at the treatment of autism in children. The ...

Background: Over the past decades, studies have shown increased prevalence rates of anorexia nervosa, and they have been associated with sociocultural pressure to be thin. Athletes may also be under sport-specific pressure ...

Background. The human population is getting older and the need for health care especially tailored for the very old will increase. The prevalence of depressive disorders among patients in nursing homes is estimated to 32 ...

Objectives: The objective was to identify what special challenges the local communities in Cambodia meet concerning child sexual abuse and to find strategies to meet these challenges. Background: Since 1998 and the end ...

Asperger syndrome (AS) is a neurobiological pervasive developmental disorder and part of the autism spectrum disorders (ASD). It was first described in 1944 by the physician Hans Asperger. AS characteristics are limited ...

Abstract A brief discussion about the terms suicidal attempt, self-mutilation and deliberate self-harm among adolescents. Background: A number of clinicians and researchers support a distinction between suicide-attempters ...

ABSTRACT For a long time it has been known that a childbirth can bee traumatic for some women. With the changes in DSM-IV in 1994, the diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can be made based upon a traumatic ...

Background : Bipolar disorders are mostly genetically determined brain disorders, but primary brain dysfunctions and damage to the brain may also provoke clinical features suggesting the presence of a bipolar disorder. ...

This is a long-term study of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) based on 14 Norwegian seamen who in 1984 was held captive for 67 days in Libya, falsely accused of espionage. During this time the crew was heavily subjected ...

Anders Heger’s biography “Et diktet liv” of the controversial norwegian author Agnar Mykle came in for a good deal of criticism over the intimate descriptions of Mykle’s personality. Heger was accused for moralizing about ...

Abstract A risk analysis of mortality as a result of the sinking of Norwegian merchant ships during World War 2 Background. To what degree would it be possible to use carefully recorded historical material in modern day ...

A Cochrane review from 1998 concluded that single-session intervention does not prevent the onset of post-traumatic stress disorder. This led to a debate about what is the best, if any, psychological treatment after traumas. ...

Suicide is a complex with numerous influences, including the individual s personality, sex, age, culture and social environment. Across the world more than 800 000 people commit suicide every year. Western countries have ...

Background: Over the past decades, suicidal behaviour has increased among adolescents. We wanted to explore what characterises adolescents who come in to see a general practitioner prior to a suicide attempt. Material ...

Objective: The traditionally homogenous Norwegian population is increasingly becoming a multiethnic society, especially so in Oslo where immigrants make up 20% of the total population. Although we know immigrants have a ...

Patients who deliberately injure themselves that which we call deliberate self harm have an increased risk for taking their own lives. This group of patients has been the focus of a number of professional studies in ...

Video games are one of the most popular pasttimes of children and youth alike. The research on effects of playing video games reaches back only two decades, and is marred by suboptimal methodologies and conflicting evidence. ...

Jens Bjørneboe, 1920-76, was one of the most eminent Norwegian authors after the second- world war. He wrote novels, poems and dramas. He was both a sharp critic of the society and was obsessed by the question of evils and ...

Background Memantine is currently the only treatment approved for moderately severe to severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Europe and the United States. Objectives To answer the two questions: “Does memantin work (safely) ...

Children living in institutions of bad conditions are often neglected, and some even abused. Our current knowledge on the phenomena institutionalized children is that these children suffer a high risk of developing some ...

Background The art of the sculptor Gustav Vigeland is well kown worldwide. However, most people know little about his personal life. The aim of this study is to assess the personality structure of this renowned artist. We ...

Background Over the last 10-20 years, a growing interest in early detection and intervention in psychosis has been generated by studies suggesting that early treatment might improve the outcome. The interest in the early ...

Background: Over the past decades, suicidal behaviour has increased among adolescents. We wanted to explore what characterises adolescents who come in to see a general practitioner prior to a suicide attempt. Material ...

Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe and chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by marked impulsivity, instability of affect and interpersonal relationships, and suicidal behavior. The study ...

BACKGROUND: Longitudinal investigations have demonstrated that childhood aggression is the best-known behavioral predictor of future social adjustment difficulties. A significant limitation has been the exclusive focus on ...

Objective: The main aims of this thesis were to describe the background for and development of hospital practice and guidelines after pregnancy loss, and to assess guidelines currently in use at Norwegian obstetrical ...

Background: Micturating cystourethrography (MCUG) is an examination of the urethra, bladder and kidneys. Congenital malformations and urinary tract infections are common in childhood. MCUG is therefore frequently done in ...

Background: Studies on creativity and mental illness and reports on Seasonal Affective Disorder in artist often have methodological weaknesses; in particular they tend to be retrospective. Knut Hamsun was an original ...