SUMMARY Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified in several adult tissues and have the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types. However, not all MSC types differentiate efficiently into all lineages. ...

The gram-negative bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae utilizes an O-linked glycosylation system to decorate a selected set of its proteins. So far however, no glycosylation associated phenotypes have been detected. The most ...

Epitelcellelinjen ”Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK)” er en velstudert polarisert cellelinje som danner tette cellelag med separate apikale og basolaterale membrandoméner. Proteoglykaner sorteres til både den apikale og den ...

Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) avoids lactic acidosis during prolonged periods of anoxia by producing ethanol as the main anaerobic end-product. Apparently, this is made possible by adaptations in the pyruvate dehydrogenase ...

The crucian carp (Carassius carassius) inhabits lakes and ponds in Northern Europe, where it is able to survive anoxia that often occurs for months during the long winter. Several physiological adaptations, including the ...

Animals store most excess energy as fat in specialized cells called adipocytes which form the major part of adipose tissue. Since obesity, which has reached epidemic proportions in the last decades, is the result of excess ...

SAMMENDRAG Det går et fint skille mellom medfødt og ervervet immunitet og de to systemene samarbeider på mange områder. Anafylatoksinene C3a og C5a er viktige effektormolekyler som produseres av det medfødte immunforsvaret. ...

The human genome encodes 8 homologues of the E.coli protein AlkB, hABH1-8. AlkB, hABH2, and hABH3 repair DNA and RNA by oxidative demetylation in the presence of Fe2+ and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG). The functions of the remaining ...

There is a current debate on microbial diversity between the defenders of the cosmopolitan hypothesis, arguing for high gene flow and low diversity, and the defenders of the endemism hypothesis, conversely arguing for ...

Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy that develops over a long period of time. Most cases are sporadic, while a small percentage is hereditary, such as hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC, Lynch syndrome). ...

Abstract Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), and is inactivated by cellular uptake, mostly catalyzed by glutamate (excitatory amino acid) transporter subtype ...

The prion protein has been implicated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) type. During disease development, the cellular prion protein (PrPC) undergoes a conformational ...

Post-translational modifications of histones play an important role in regulation of gene transcription. The most well studied histone modification is acetylation that is regulated by the enzymatic activities of histone ...

Mammalian AlkB homologues (ABH) contain a 2-oxoglutarate and iron dependent dioxygenase domain, placing these proteins in the 2OG/Fe2+ dependent dioxygenase superfamily. The mammalian ABH2 and ABH3 proteins are oxidative ...

Prionsykdommer er en gruppe nevrodegenerative, dødelige sykdommer som forekommer hos både dyr og mennesker, og forårsakes av en konformasjonsendring i det endogene prionproteinet (PrP). I normal hjerne og i flere andre ...

ABSTRACT The evolutionary conserved SET-domain is found in proteins encoded by more than 30 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and is known to be involved in the epigenetic control of gene expression and organization of chromatin ...