Metal complexes of polyaminocarboxylic acids are of interest as contrast media for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Such metal complexes are stable and will therefore minimize the toxic effects of the free metal ions. ...

This paper is a literature study of human rights in elder care in Norway. The population of elderly is increasing, so also incidents of abuse and neglect. It’s estimated that about 4% of the elderly in Norway are victims ...

BACKGROUND: Charles Darwin's "The Origin of the Species" (1859) has been appointed by a hundred Norwegian scholars as the most important scientific work of modern age. This has evoked debate about the significance of ...

The assignment is designed as information material pertaining to controlled substances; addiction and a doctor’s roll in situations involving substance abuse. The target group is medical students and doctors. In part 1 ...

Despite the fact that many methods have been used for assessing nutritional status throughout history, no gold standard for the identification of malnutrition exists today. This paper describes and evaluates different ...

Introduction: Shoulder pain is a common complain in the population. Subacromial impingement syndrome(SIS) is cause of many of these. SIS is a clinical diagnosis, mainly based on impingement signs. Clinical tests used for ...

Background: I wanted to generate more knowledge about suicide methods in relation to gender, age and geography. Material and methods: The material consists of 340 cases of suicide (F-Y 3300) and suicide suspected (F-Y ...

AP denotes detachment of a normally implanted placenta before the infant is delivered. The incidence rate is about 1% of all pregnancies and the recurrence rate in Scandinavia is found to be about 4%. AP is associated ...

Background: To investigate whether the incidence of macrosomic fetuses, i.e. newborn with high birthweight, is increasing in Norway and other Nordic countries. Materials and methods: The data were obtained from the Medical ...

Leprosy and leprosy patients at Ullevaal University hospital 1970-2003 Background Leprosy is a rare chronic infectious disease in Norway, occurring as imported cases from endemic countries. We aimed to describe the ...

Objective: Review of one case of Asherman`s syndrome and evaluation of diagnosis and treatment. Design: Case report and literature review. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ulleval University Hospital, ...

Abstract/prosjekoppgave/ Angiogenese ved koronare sykdommer: Since the recognition of the important role of angiogenenic factors in tumor growth for over 30 years ago, has angiogenesis been used as a model for explaining ...

SUMMARY Background: In western societies acne vulgaris is a nearly universal skin disease affecting 79% to 95 % of the adolescent population. In men and women older than 25 years, 40 % to 54% have some degree of facial ...

Background: Hepatitis B is a widespread disease. 2 billion people throughout the world have been infected, of which 400 million have developed chronicity (Norway: 12-15 000). Consequently this is a major health problem ...

Background Mb Hodgkin is one of the most common cancers in the young population. With improved treatment, survival-rates have reached >80%. One of the late medical sequelae chemo- and radiotherapy may cause, is premature ...

Malaria is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world and it has an estimated mortality of over a million people each year. Approximately 90 % of the annual 300 million cases of acute malaria take place in ...

Our purpose has been to give to the reader an insight in the development of cancer vaccines. The paper is built up stepwise with a smooth start reviewing the historical aspects of cancer treatment, ranging from the ancient ...

Human cysticercosis is infection with the larval stage of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. The adult form of the worm lives in the human intstine where it does no harm, but sheds segments called proglottides in the stools, ...

This paper presents the different expressions of the human diving response in 57 young healthy individuals. The mammalian diving response is what makes the seals and whales survive hours under water. It is initiated by ...

The body is unable to produce omega-3 and omega-6 (often written as n-3 and n-6). Hence, they have to be obtained from the diet. The process of manufacturing n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been the subject of ...

Introduction This study investigated the iron status of the Dikgale population. Dikgale is a village situated in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Materials and methods We analysed a data file which is part of the Dikgale ...

In most experimental gene therapy protocols involving stem/progenitor cells, only a small fraction of cells, often therapeutically inadequate, can be transduced and express the therapeutic gene. A promising strategy for ...

Leptin is a 167-amino-acid product of the ob gene, which is produced primarily by adipocytes. Although originally associated with the central regulation of satiety and energy metabolism, there is now increasing evidence ...

In this experiment, mutant genes of a given unknown mutant strain of Drosophila melanogaster were mapped to specific chromosomes. Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly, was the appropriate choice for ...

Background: There have only been retrospective uncontrolled studies of the effect of thymectomy on Myasthenia gravis (MG); Most of them show a positive effect, but the indication for operation is under discussion. Objective: ...

Neuroprotection can be defined as medical prophylactic and therapeutic intervention aimed at neuronal tissue and function. Hardly any concept of neuroprotection has been convincingly efficient in man thus far. Lithium ...

The thesis comprises a literature review, a histopathology study of placentas from Kenya in addition to observations and reflections from a field study in primary health care clinics in Moshi, Tanzania. Transmission of ...

BACKGROUND: Hereditary spastic paraplegia and ataxia are rare neurodegenerative disorders with a prevalence of 2-10/100 000 according to literature. They are characterized by a great clinical and genetic heterogeneity, and ...

Mitochondrial disorder, clinical features, investigation, genetics and treatment. The aim of this article is to give an overview of mitochondrial disorders. As my younger brother got this disease early in his childhood I ...

Background: Micturating cystourethrography (MCUG) is an examination of the urethra, bladder and kidneys. Congenital malformations and urinary tract infections are common in childhood. MCUG is therefore frequently done in ...

Background: Studies on creativity and mental illness and reports on Seasonal Affective Disorder in artist often have methodological weaknesses; in particular they tend to be retrospective. Knut Hamsun was an original ...

Handbook in Acute Conventional Roentgenology Radiological diagnostic by conventional roentgen examination is quite often performed by a clinical physician alone, without the involvement of a radiologist. With this in ...

In the fall of 2001, the University of Oslo decided to prioritize the usage of digital learning systems, and offered funds for their development. We decided to use the opportunity to create a web-based, interactive learning ...

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important pathogenic organism all over the world and in all age groups. S. pneumoniae is a frequent cause of pneumonia, menigitis, sinusitis, and otitis media and a less frequent ...

Background: Quantitative bone measures, especially at the hand have been proposed as a new outcome measure in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is also, as hand bone loss in RA associated with disease activity, physical function ...

Background: Ca2+ is without question the most versatile intracellular second messenger in cellular processes initiated by growth factors and hormones and involved in diverse cellular and organ functions such as cell cycle ...

Background Red cell tranfusion is a common treatment for patients with chronic anemias, particularly cancer patients. We wanted to examine what subjective differences the patients themselves experienced from the week ...

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), such as cyclosporine A, have been known to negatively affect kidney function and the cardiovascular risk profile in kidney transplant recipients. Most recent trials on immunosuppressive therapy ...

Lymfatic filariasis (LF) is a disease that strikes a big part of the poor world.The final stage of the disease leads to loss of working capacity and therefore increasing poverty. The disease is acknowledged by the WHO to ...

Aims: To describe the epidemiology and factors predicting the prognosis regarding resuscitation of patients with out of hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) and asystole/ pulseless electrical activity (PEA) as the fist rhythm ...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of motor neuron disease which is a group of chronic progressive disorders characterized by the selective degeneration of motor neurons in the cerebral cortex, ...

Background: The Skill training Centre at Rikshospitalet University Hospital is making a series of videos concerning the examination of children. The first two of the three videos are now completed. The Skill training Centre ...

Abstract Rationale: 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy ) is a popular recreational drug amongst some groups of young people. MDMA modulates serotonergic and dopaminergic activity in the brain, and has been ...

The assignment is designed as information material pertaining to controlled substances; addiction and a doctor s roll in situations involving substance abuse. The target group is medical students and doctors. In part 1 ...

In this paper we have looked a little closer into opioid medication- types, effects, side effects and their use in current medical practice. In 1975 scientists finally discovered the biophysiological mechanisms behind ...

Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a known complication to chemotherapy during breast cancer treatment. The immune system is alongside the tumour mass vulnerable for the cytotoxic effect of antineoplastic agents. This induced ...

Adapted physical activity and quality of life at Beitostølen Helsesportsenter Abstract Background: “Quality of Life” (QoL) is a difficult and therefore poorly defined term. There are different definitions used in ...

MAN`S SEARCH FOR MEANING Applying existential psychology to rehabilitate seriously ill or injured people Background During life a number of people are exposed to extreme strains in one way or another. Among these strains, ...

5 male athletes, National team rowers, were our test-persons. Mean age 23 years old. Experiment divided in two periods, first 3 weeks normoxic training, then 3 weeks hypoxic training. (3 hours x 3 days/week). The detailed ...

The major cortical-subcortical re-entrant pathways through the basal ganglia and cerebellum are considered to represent anatomically segregated channels for information originating in different cortical areas. A capacity ...

Regulation of arterial blood pressure in humans during isometric muscle contraction and lower body negative pressure Previous studies have shown that the blood pressure response to isometric handgrip remains unchanged ...

The aim of this thesis was to test whether a group of male athletes was capable of reaching their real VO2max consumption in a state of exhaustion. VO2max consumption was tested before, during and the first day after a ...

In 1998 Polar launched a new model of heart rate monitors called Polar Smart Edge. This monitor has a new function called Own Zone. This function helps people to find the right intensity zone for aerob training by measuring ...

ABSTRACT Background: Between 34 and 46 million people are today infected with HIV. The majority of these are living in Sub-Saharan Africa. In 2003 almost 1 million children were infected,predominantly from their mother ...

Infertility and assisted reproductive technology (ART) - with emphasis on In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF). A literary study reviewing the epidemiology, pathology, investigation and treatment (with complications) of both male ...

Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) is performed to decrease perinatal morbidity and mortality and to avoid unnecessary operative deliveries. Delivery is a process where lack of oxygen and acidosis is part of the normal ...

Alternative or complementary medicine is a large field, with numerous subdirections. The usage of alternative medicine in the general population is of a considerably great size. With this on mind, it is important to have ...

“Interactive Urology” is an interactive Internet based learning-program for medical students at the University of Oslo. The program is meant to be a supplement to traditional teaching and textbooks in urology and uropathology. ...

The Emergency Medical Service (EMS) in Oslo has insufficient routines for surveillance of the medical activity, beyond the number of ambulance missions and response times. Norwegian authorities lack regular registration ...

The aim of this study was to shed light on the practice of referral to a sleep clinic with suspected obstructive sleep apnea hypapnea syndrome(OSAHS). The hypothesis was that the accuracy of referrals could be significantly ...

Medical students and tutors experiences of directed and self-directed learning programmes in evidence-based medicine: a qualitative evaluation accompanying a randomised controlled trial . This qualitative study aimed ...

The dramatic spread of the HIV epidemic throughout sub-Saharan Africa in the past decades has been accompanied by up to a fourfold increase in the number of tuberculosis cases. This suggests that TB control will not make ...

Abstract Background. 10 million children died in developing countries in 2002. Since the seventies Health for All was made as an attempt at a more systematic global health policy. In India mortality in girls exceed that ...

Background There are no large Norwegian studies reporting the outcome of AV-fistulae made for haemodialysis. We wanted to evaluate our work, and investigate the patency of arteriovenous fistulae created at a central hospital ...

Bakgrunn Bruken av antipsykotika blant demente sykehjemsbeboere er utbredt. Den terapeutiske effekten av behandlingen er begrenset og dårlig dokumentert. Alvorlige bivirkninger som svekket kognisjon, tardive dyskinesier, ...

Respiratory Syncytial Virus was first detected as a Coryza Virus causing symptoms of the common cold in chimpanzees in the fifties. In 1957 the virus was found in children and over the years to come it was established as ...

Background. We wanted to examine the prognostic value of elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), one year after intervention. Material ...

Objective: to investigate whether personality types predict medical school stress. Setting: all four medical schools in Norway. Participants: 236 medical students, mean age 21.7 ± 2.6 years (SD). Main outcome measures One ...

We have chosen The HIV/AIDS- epidemic in SSA what are the consequences for antenatal care? as our approach. We have looked upon the present situation of the HIV/AIDS- epidemic, the present use and availability of ...

Pre-eclampsia is a multisystem disorder that usually manifests clinically as hypertension and proteinuria. It is a disease exclusive to pregnancy, and remains a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. ...

Background: There are few studies on the subject of drug use during pregnancy over the last decades. The aim of this study was to examine the self-reported prevalence of drug use among pregnant women in Oslo, which type ...

Background: The incidense of skin cancer has increased severalfold during the last 30 years. I have chosen to see closer at the meaning of the sunscreenproducts. Does todays sunscreens protect sufficiently against ...

The idea of this web page is to give information about central topics of pregnancy and labour in an easy, understandable way. Being pregnant and giving birth to a child is an amazing experience. It is commom to have many ...

Professor Finn Wisløff (et.al) at Ullevål Universitetssykehus started in 1984 a comprehensive study on multiple myeloma in a particular health region in Norway ( Myelomatoseprosjektet i helseregion I). All patients with a ...

Background: The heart rate of healthy people is not completely regular, but varies for example with breathing. This respiratory variation is called heart rate variability (HRV) and is determined by the balance between ...

The discussion how dietary salt may affect blood pressure (BP) is still ongoing. The results from both epidemiological and interventional studies are inconsistent, which makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions. The ...

Deceleration time of systolic pulmonary venous flow - a new clinical marker of left atrial pressure. J.O. Hunderi, C.R. Thompson and O.A. Smiseth. Institute for Surgical Research and Dep. Cardiology, Rikshospitalet University ...

Louka AS, Stensby EK, Ek J, Gudjónsdóttir AH, Ascher H, Sollid LM. Coeliac disease candidate genes: No association with functional polymorphisms in matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 3 gene promoters. Scand J Gastroentero l ...

A Cochrane review from 1998 concluded that single-session intervention does not prevent the onset of post-traumatic stress disorder. This led to a debate about what is the best, if any, psychological treatment after traumas. ...

Lymfomer er en heterogen malign sykdomsgruppe med utspring fra B og T-celler i immunsystemet. Cellene har reseptorer for en rekke cytokiner, som under normale forhold regulerer deres vekst og differensiering. En kan anta ...

The SH2D2A gene codes for a protein which was named T cell specific adapter protein (TSAd) by the group who cloned it in 1997. The gene is located to 1q21, a region where several immunoregulative genes are situated. The ...

Microchimerism may play a part in transfusion complications. The aim of this study was to see if the establishment of post transfusion microchimerism was dose dependent. Methods: Twenty non-pregnant female patients, without ...

This project is about a theoretical model for development of autoimmune disease. The central point in this model is idiotype (Id) dependent T and B cell cooperation. B cells with idiotype sequence in their antibody (Id+ B ...

The proliferation, differentiation and maturation of haematopoietic progenitor cells into megakaryocytic progenitors in vitro, is dependant upon the growth factors. To establish what growth factors give the highest expansion ...

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the world s neglected diseases that take a huge toll on people in developing countries, but receive little attention from the Western world. It is a life-threatening disease of great ...

Objective: To assess the use of antihypertensive drugs and blood pressure (BP) levels in relation to current guidelines for BP control in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Material and Methods: A cross-sectional ...

Acne is a condition which can give both physical and psychological scars. Young persons are vulnerable to the negative effects of acne. Our survey investigates whether the knowledge about causes and treatment of acne is ...

Background: The measurement of myocardial infarct size is important to predict a patient s prognosis and to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study was to summarize published evidence ...

BACKGROUND: Carcinoid tumours are hormone-producing tumours arising from enterochrommaffine cells in the gastrointestinal tract. The tumours are typically located in the ileum, coecum or appendix and have the ability to ...

This study is a part of a larger study that is being carried out among Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients at Glittreklinikken. Glittreklinikken is a rehabilitaion clinic that offers patients with COPD ...

Multiresistant tuberculosis (MDR), defined as Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, is a growing problem worldwide. In year 2000 it was estimated that an average of 3.2 % of all new cases of ...

Context It has been suggested that total blood homocysteine concentrations are associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Objective To asses the relationship between homocysteine concentrations and the ...

Background: Hepatitis C is the most common indication for liver transplantation worldwide. In Norway however the situation is different, only 10% of the transplant recipients are infected with hepatitis C. Material and ...

Background: The increasing development of bacterial resistance requires increased attention regarding perscription of antibiotics. Materials and methods: As a part of a seminar in the education of general practitioners, ...

Background: We wanted to examine patients' expectations for antibiotics when presenting symptoms of ARTI , and also see if there were any differences between Norwegians and immigrants. In addition we wanted to find out if ...

Background: Treatment of acute cholecytitis has for a long time been a subject of discussion. The proponents of a conservative approach with antibiotics and analgetics claim that immediate surgery in old and reduced patients ...

The dictated operative note is an important and integral part of the patient record. Despite their importance little material regarding the quality of operative notes have been published. Do they accurately reflect the ...

Background: The intention of the current study was to investigate how Irinotecan-based chemotherapy was tolerated amongst patients treated for colorectal cancer with metastases. In addition we wanted to see if it was of ...

Background: Atherosclerosis and CAD involve lipid deposit, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. Hypercholesterolemia may cause endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, but few studies have investigated possible ...

This study was initiated by senior scientific officer Elisabeth Hegstad and professor Arne R. Rosseland at Aker Hospital in 2002. Since 1999 Rosseland has secured video documentation of laparoscopic cholecystectomies at ...