The repair of DNA damage is crucial for the maintenance of genome stability. In base excision repair, lesion-specific DNA glycosylases recognize and cleave a variety of base lesions. The human Nei-like (NEIL) DNA glycosylases ...

Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyses the reduction of the four ribonucleotides to their corresponding deoxyribonucleotides needed for synthesis and repair of DNA. RNR is found in the genome of all living organisms, ...

Fusion genes have key roles in the development and progression of many human cancers. Detection of oncogenic fusion genes is already implemented in routine diagnostics and fusion proteins are targets in molecularly tailored ...

A highly conserved RNA-motif, called stem-loop-2-motif (s2m), has been identified in the 3' end of the genomes of viruses belonging to different RNA virus families which infect a broad range of animal species. Currently, ...

Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and proteins produced by bacteria. The two-peptide (class-IIb) bacteriocins consist of two different peptides and optimal antimicrobial activity requires ...

Varmelabilt enterotoxin (LT) er den viktigste virulensfaktoren for det bakterielle patogenet enterotoxigent Escherichia coli (ETEC), som er ansvarlig for reisediaré i utviklingsland. LT består av en enzymatisk aktiv ...

Certain species of lactic acid bacteria produce and secrete bacteriocins, which are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides. These peptides recognize and kill target cells by rendering their membrane permeable for ...

Chemokines are small, secreted proteins (5-15 kDa) that mediate leukocyte transmigration and can be secreted from endothelial cells in a constitutive or regulated manner. Regulated secretion shortens the response time to ...

This study is part of a project where the Chlamydomonas reindhardtii rbcL 5’UTR is analyzed for its effect on transcript stability. Two different mutated rbcL 5’UTRs were fused to GUS reporter genes, and introduced into ...

Oppgaven går videre med resultater som er funnet ved forskningsgruppen tidligere om aktivering av ribonukleotid reduktase (RNR) subenhet R2 i celler under hypoksi. Det ble funnet at celler som er gjort resistente mot et ...

The use of monoclonal antibodies in the search for anti-cancer therapeutics has been a research field of great potential since the hybridoma technology was introduced by Köhler and Milstein in the mid 70s. The use of ...

The bacteriocin plantaricin J/K consists of the two peptides PlnJ and PlnK, and the two peptides must be present for optimal bacteriocin function. In this study, the three dimensional structure of the PlnJ peptide was ...

The hematopoietic transcription factor c-Myb has been reported to be involved in diverse and important cellular functions such as differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. It has also been implicated in tumorigenesis, ...

Newly synthesised proteins are therefore subjected to a strict control machinery in the ER lumen where different chaperones facilitate folding during and after translocation. If the folding process is incomplete, misfolded ...

c-Myb er en transkripsjonsfaktor som er involvert i proliferasjon, differensiering og apoptose, hovedsakelig av hematopoetiske celler. Den transkripsjonelle aktiviteten av c-Myb har vist seg å være avhengig av forskjellige ...

Cyanobakteriestammer fra slektene Anabaena, Microcystis, Planktothrix og Nostoc er vidt utbredt i elver og sjøer over hele jorden. Disse og andre cyanobakterier bruker store multifunksjonelle enzymer, ikke-ribosomale peptid ...

Lactococcin G er et to-peptid bakteriosin produsert av melkesyrebakterien Lactococcus lactis LMG2081. Peptidene dette bakteriosin består av kalles α og β. Genene lagA og lagB som koder for henholdsvis α- og β-peptidene ble ...

Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are highly refined natural machines for the biosynthesis of secondary oligopeptides which cannot be synthesised by the ribosomal machinery. Due to the attractive biological potential ...

Kunnskap om de antimikrobielle peptidene, også om hvordan de tilhørende immunitetsproteinene gjenkjenner og nøytraliserer effekten av disse, er viktig da de antimikrobielle peptidene har potensielle bruksområder som ...

Peroksisom proliferator-aktivert reseptor a (PPARa) har en sentral rolle i regulering av uttrykk av lever-spesifikke gener. Da gallesyrer blir produsert fra kolesterol i leveren, og mange av enzymene involvert i deres ...

Sammendrag Transkripsjonsfaktorer har en viktig rolle i normale cellefunksjoner, men har også vist seg å være involvert i kreftutvikling. Transkripsjonsfaktoren c-Myb spiller en betydelig rolle i hematopoiesen hvor den ...

Det humane genet WWOX har blitt identifisert av flere uavhengige forskningsgrupper i forbindelse med studier av strukturelle abnormaliteter på kromosom 16q i ulike krefttyper. Genet er lokalisert innenfor kromosom 16q23.3-24.1, ...

Epitelcellelinjen ”Madin-Darby canine kidney” (MDCK), er en velstudert polarisert cellelinje som danner et tett cellelag med separate apikale og basolaterale membranoverflater. For å opprettholde polariteten, må nysyntetiserte ...

Cancer is a disease resulting from an accumulation of acquired genetic mutations. The consequence is an uncontrolled growth of cells and disruption of normal control mechanisms. Complex chromosomal aberrations such as ...

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are fatal, neurodegenerative diseases in human and animals, caused by prion protein (PrP). The functions of PrP and the basis of these diseases are still under debate. In ...

Photochemical internalisation (PCI) is a method for efficient delivery of macromolecules, like genes used in gene therapy, to the cytosol of cells. Most macromolecules enter a cell by endocytosis and are trapped in the ...

Covalent modifications of the DNA and histones through acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, etc are central to gene regulation, recombination, DNA replication and many other processes in the cell. With respect to ...

DNA polymeraser er av fundamental betydning for levende organismer, ettersom de spiller en avgjørende rolle i replikasjon og reparasjon av DNA. I de siste årene er de blitt viktige genteknologiske verktøy, og varmestabile ...

Antimicrobial peptides produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are extensively studied, but little is know about their three-dimensional structures. Solution structures of these peptides will be useful to gain information ...

The major histocompatibility (MHC) class II molecules present peptides to the T cell receptor on CD4+ lymphocytes. The diversity of the epitopes presented depends critically on the processing of the ingested antigens, and ...

Production of DNA damage is the basis of cancer treatments, such as radiotherapy. The limitation of the treatment dose tends to be how well the tumor and normal cell within the body can tolerate the therapy. In order to ...

Histone lysine methylation is considered to be a relatively stable modification associated with important functions in epigenetic gene control and for organizing chromatin domains. Genes encoding mammalian homologues of ...

In isolated rat hepatocytes, okadaic acid and cantharidin activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by a naringin-sensitive and a naringin-resistant mechanism respectively, probably through inhibition of protein ...

Vekstfaktorer og vekstfaktorreseptorer er med på å regulere vekst av celler via et nettverk av spesifikke intracellulære signalmekanismer. Binding av vekstfaktorer til reseptorer aktiverer reseptorene slik at signalkjeder ...

NUCKS-proteinet ble oppdaget i 1985 av Anne Carine Østvold og hennes medarbeidere ved Biokjemisk Institutt, Universitetet i Oslo. NUCKS genet er klonet og proteinet nøye karakterisert, men dets biologiske funksjon er ...

Perfluoro oktansyre (PFOA) er en peroksisomal proliferator som er kjent for å også gi antiinflammatoriske reaksjoner. Virkningsmekanismen for stoffet i levende dyr er lite kjent. For å få en bedre forståelse av PFOAs ...

Abstract Nuclear receptors that work as heterodimers with RXR control several aspects of lipid metabolism. One such nuclear receptor, pregnane X receptor (PXR) is the molecular target for a wide variety of endogenous and ...

Chromosome One Amplified Sequence 2 (COAS2) is a member of the cyclophilin family of proteins (Meza Zepeda et al., 2002). It has 84% amino acid homology to H. sapiens cyclophilin A, also known as Peptidylprolyl Isomerase ...

Autofagi er en viktig proteindegraderingsmekanisme i eukaryote celler, da den er hovedmekanismen for nedbrytning av cytosoliske proteiner og organeller når tilgangen på næringsstoffer er begrenset. I tillegg er autofagi ...

The disagreement between various immunoassays for the tumour marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is well known, and the discrepancies are explained by the co-measurement of the structurally related non-specific cross-reacting ...

The rbcL promoter of C. reinhardtii has been reported to lack a functional -35 consensus motif common to the ó70 type promoters found in prokaryotes and many plastid promoters, while retaining a conserved ó70 like -10 ...

ABSTRACT: A reporter gene was constructed consisting of the 5´ region of the C. reinhardtii rbcL gene from position –70 to +47, relative to the transcription start point, fused to the E. coli uidA(GUS) structural gene ...