Electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are among the most important techniques for non-invasively studying cognition and disease in the human brain. These signals are known to originate from cortical ...

Large thermospheric neutral density enhancements in the cusp region have been examined for many years. The Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) satellite for example has enabled many observations of the perturbation, ...

The smallest parts of the world that we live in are described mathematically by the hugely successful Standard Model of Particle Physics. Nevertheless, during the last several decades researchers within physics have observed ...

Water photoelectrolysis has the potential to produce renewable hydrogen fuel, therefore addressing the intermittent nature of sunlight. Herein, a monolithic, photovoltaic (PV)-assisted water electrolysis device of minimal ...

In his annus mirabilis, Albert Einstein published several important works that would strongly affect the future of physics. Among these was a work on Brownian motion – the random motion of small particles suspended in a ...

Auroral whistler‐mode radio emissions called saucers are of fundamental interest because they require an unusually stationary emission process in the dynamic auroral environment, and it is a mystery how that can happen in ...

Beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) is considered one of the most promising novel acceleration technologies capable of drastically shrinking the footprints of high-energy particle colliders. However, there are ...

This article describes a curricular innovation designed to help students experience authentic physics inquiry with an emphasis on computational modeling and scientific communication. The educational design centers on a new ...

The new Oslo Scintillator Array (OSCAR) has been commissioned at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory (OCL). It consists of 30 large volume (⌀ 3.5 × 8 inches) LaBr3(Ce) detectors that are used for 𝛾-ray spectroscopy. The response ...

Purpose: This study attempted to develop a method to measure the applied recursive filtration and to determine the noise reduction of four different fluoroscopic systems. The study also attempted to elucidate the importance ...

Grid cells are part of a widespread network which supports navigation and spatial memory. Stable grid patterns appear late in development, in concert with extracellular matrix aggregates termed perineuronal nets (PNNs) ...

Positron annihilation spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared absorption spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry have been used to study the behavior of gallium vacancy-related defects and hydrogen in deuterium ...

This work systematically explores 19 unique configurations of the close-associate Ga–O divacancies (VGaVO) in β−Ga2O3, including their complexes with H impurities, using hybrid functional calculations. Interestingly, most ...

Sleep deprivation influences several critical functions, yet how it affects human brain white matter (WM) is not well understood. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of 32 hours of sleep deprivation ...

Understanding the evolution of level densities in the crossover from spherical to well-deformed nuclei has been a long-standing problem in nuclear physics. We measure nuclear level densities for a chain of neodymium isotopes ...

In any domain involving some stressed solids, that is, from seismology to general engineering, the strength of matter is a paramount feature to understand. We here discuss the ability of a simple thermally activated ...

Abstract Thermoelectric modules can be used in waste heat harvesting, sensing, and cooling applications. Here, we report on the fabrication and performance of a four-leg module based on abundant silicide materials. While ...

Mechanical algesia is an important process for the preservation of living organisms, allowing potentially life-saving reflexes or decisions when given body parts are stressed. Yet, its various underlying mechanisms remain ...

As a low-cost, non-destructive analysis technique, bioimpedance has lately seen a broad range of utilization in different areas. This has resulted in an increased necessity for portable and inexpensive instrumentation. ...

Hjertestans er den vanligste årsaken til plutselig død blant idrettsutøvere. Dette skyldes ofte arvelige hjertesykdommer som blant annet kan oppdages på et elektrokardiogram (EKG). I denne studien ble to problemstillinger ...

Human motion analysis is a valuable tool for assessing disease progression in persons with conditions such as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease. Human motion tracking is also used extensively for sporting technique ...

Centrality, which quantifies the “importance” of individual nodes, is among the most essential concepts in modern network theory. Most prominent centrality measures can be expressed as an aggregation of influence flows ...

Abstract When recording neural activity from extracellular electrodes, both in vivo and in vitro , spike sorting is a required and very important processing step that allows for identification of single neurons’ activity. ...

As a canary in a coalmine warns of dwindling breathable air, the honeybee can indicate the health of an ecosystem. Honeybees are the most important pollinators of fruit-bearing flowers, and share similar ecological niches ...

Space weather can have adverse effects on technology, such as causing disturbances of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). As space weather effects on GNSS cannot be mitigated, it is of vital importance to develop ...

The Standard Model (SM) accounts for about 5 % of the known univers, and can not explain gravity, the hierarchy problem or the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the univers. Supersymmetry is a new symmetry which aim to bridge ...

Accurate descriptions of many-particle quantum systems subject to laser interactions can be found using real-time ab initio methods. Of these the arguably most popular and exact is the multi-configuration time-dependent ...

Renewable energy sources play a vital role in handling the increasing energy demand, as well as the aim to reduce carbon emissions. New materials for solar cell applications are being developed for this sole reason. The ...

We have used a combination of optical absorption and electrical conductivity measurements to study the effect of the main donor on small polarons in rutile TiO2 single crystals rendered n-type conductive by hydrogenation ...

This study is aimed at increasing the performance and reliability of silicon-based heterojunction solar cells with advanced methods. This is achieved by a numerical electro-optical modeling and reliability analysis for ...

I denne oppgaven er forekomsten av fasescintillasjoner på GNSS-signaler over deler av Dronning Maud Land i Antarktis kartlagt, ved bruk av scintillasjonsmottakere på Troll stasjonen (geografiske koordinater: 72.0$^\circ$S, ...

Denne avhandlingen beskriver utviklingen og testingen til et heisesystem beregnet for automatisk overvåking av innsjøer. Motivasjonen bak oppgaven er å effektivisere overvåkingen av innsjøer, slik at dyrt og krevende ...

Purpose This study aimed to quantify the repeated oxygen deficits attained during intermittent endurance exercise by measuring oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and oxygen demand (V˙O2dem) throughout a simulated roller ski ...

Semiconducting materials are instrumental for the transition to a carbon-free society. Materials, such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) or gallium sesquioxide (Ga2O3) are promising for a number of applications in energy harvesting ...

Using first principles calculations based on density functional theory, we study the impact of hole doping on the magnetic and electronic properties of two dimensional PtS2. Although 2D PtS2 is intrinsically non-magnetic, ...

p-n homo- and heterojunctions are the cornerstones and defining technology of our society. Even though decades of knowledge have brought several improvements upon the transistors, LED diodes and other devices that build ...

Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements are conducted onβ-Ga2O3thin-filmsimplanted with helium and hydrogen (H) to study the formation of the defect levelE∗2(EA=0.71 eV) during heat treatments under an applied ...

Self-diffusion of carbon (12C and 13C) and silicon (28Si and 30Si) in 4H silicon carbide has been investigated by utilizing a structure containing an isotope purified 4H-28Si12C epitaxial layer grown on an n-type (0001) ...

Although the space charge model is commonly used to explain the high grain boundary resistance in proton conducting yttrium-substituted BaZrO3, it fails in its simplest forms with factors 10–40 to fit experimental data ...

The intermittent dynamics of slow drainage flows in a porous medium is studied experimentally. This kind of two-phase flow is characterized by a rich burst activity and our setup allows us to characterize those bursts ...

Generative adversarial networks (GAN) have received much attention lately for its use with images and has been shown to be able to create extremely realistic images of different kinds of objects. Even though its use in ...

The scope of this thesis was to explore the applications of electron microscopy in the field of hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The fundamental understanding of HE is still lacking and requires some advanced approaches to ...

This thesis is focused on three objectives. The first objective was to develop a method that allows automatic assessment of stem cell development conditions with the use of impedance spectroscopy and machine learning, the ...

An important part of our understanding of brain tumours relies on our ability to assess the vascular function of the tumours. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC), and the novel method Vessel Architectural Imaging (VAI), ...

Overordnet mål i dette M. Sc prosjektet har vært å etablere nødvendig metodikk for å studere Ag+-oppløsningsprosessen av sølvbaserte nanopartikler i vann for antibakterielle formål. Mono- og bimetalliske nanopartikler med ...

Dette master‒prosjektet ble initiert for å etablere metodikk og erfaring med studier av sølvbaserte nanopartikler for antibakterielle formål rettet mot drikkevann. I første del av oppgaven ble Ag1‒x‒Ptx (x ≤ 0,15) nanopartikler ...

Particle computed tomography (pCT) is an emerging imaging modality that promises to reduce range uncertainty in particle therapy. The Bergen pCT collaboration aims to develop a novel pCT prototype based on the ALPIDE ...

Recent suggestions that hydrogen incorporation at the Ga(1) vacancy in β-Ga2O3 may have an impact on its electronic properties have led us to extend our earlier work on these defects. While our previous work provides strong ...

The newly developed Nematic Bond Theory enables an efficient way of studying phases and phase transitions in classical frustrated magnets with Heisenberg interactions. We extend here the Nematic Bond Theory to hold for ...

We implement two different methods for solving many-body quantum mechanical systems from scratch, a variational Monte Carlo (VMC) method and a restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM). We explore a confined Bose-Einstein condensate ...

Centrality, which quantifies the importance of individual nodes, is among the most essential concepts in modern network theory. As there are many ways in which a node can be important, many different centrality measures ...

Sammendrag Livmorhalskreft er en alvorlig kreftform og rammer i større grad enn før unge kvinner. Strålebehandling av livmorhalskreft er krevende siden livmoren er svært mobil og man opplever store dag-til-dag variasjoner. ...

Med innføringen av programmering i nye læreplaner for norsk skole, kommer det mange spørsmål om hvordan programmeringsaktiviteter skal planlegges og gjennomføres i fysikkfaget. Det er ennå ikke umiddelbart klart hva som ...

Objective To investigate the sensitivity of modified Look–Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) to measure changes in dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in water samples and to calculate sequence-specific relaxivity (r1m) ...

Significance: The cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) is an important indicator of brain function and pathology. Knowledge about its magnitude is also required for proper interpretation of the blood oxygenation ...

This thesis describes the development and test of electrodes and electrode setup for plantar bioimpedance measurements. Several electrodes of different sizes, geometry and materials were tested to find one suited for plantar ...

High bladder pressure in patients suffering from neurogenic bladder dysfunction can have serious consequences on patients' mental and physical health. Constant monitoring of the bladder pressures allow physicians to mitigate ...

The silicon vacancy (VSi) in 4H-SiC is a room temperature single-photon emitter with a controllable high-spin ground state and is a promising candidate for future quantum technologies. However, controlled defect formation ...

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with vascular risk and Alzheimer’s disease. In this study, we examined relations between WMH load and distribution, amyloid pathology and vascular risk in 339 controls ...

Process conditions during catalytic reactions induce significant changes in surface chemistry and structure of bi- (mono) metallic nanoparticles leading to their deactivation, and this can ultimately affect the reactions ...

Background The aim of this study was to investigate changes in structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to the RANO criteria and perfusion- and permeability related metrics derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced ...

This work experimented with using a custom instruction set extension for computing electron density from sensor data received from a multi-needle langmuir probe (m-NLP). Custom instructions were designed and implemented ...

Main research findings An increasing number of brain scientists resort to computers and mathematics as tools to unravel the brain. Instead of studying hands-on experiments alone, computational neuroscientists make use of ...

Polyphenolic molecules have become attractive building blocks for bioinspired materials due to their adhesive characteristics, capacity to complex ions, redox chemistry, and biocompatibility. For the formation of tannic ...

This thesis designs a Gaussian pulse generator by the method of up-conversion with for use as a front end transmitter unit of an UWB-IR. The baseband pulse is generated using the delay elements (CTBV technique) but having ...

A method to monitor the length of a particle bunch, based on the combination of a Radio Frequency Deflector (RFD) with magnetic focusing elements, is presented. With respect to state-of-the-art bunch length measurement, ...

We have used an unsupervised machine learning method called latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to thematically analyze all papers published in the Physics Education Research Conference Proceedings between 2001 and 2018. By ...

Writing and argumentation are critical to both professional physics and physics education. They are both necessary to the practices of professional science like paper writing and peer review, and are increasingly emphasized ...

Concrete is the second most consumed product by humans, after water. However, the production of conventional concrete causes more than 5% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions and therefore there is a need for emission-reduced ...