Electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are among the most important techniques for non-invasively studying cognition and disease in the human brain. These signals are known to originate from cortical ...

Indium gallium zinc oxides (IGZO) have been developed for thin-film transistor technologies. In this work, we analyze the fundamental properties of crystalline InGaZnO4, considering all possible Ga/Zn atomic distribution ...

The smallest parts of the world that we live in are described mathematically by the hugely successful Standard Model of Particle Physics. Nevertheless, during the last several decades researchers within physics have observed ...

Auroral whistler‐mode radio emissions called saucers are of fundamental interest because they require an unusually stationary emission process in the dynamic auroral environment, and it is a mystery how that can happen in ...

Beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) is considered one of the most promising novel acceleration technologies capable of drastically shrinking the footprints of high-energy particle colliders. However, there are ...

Metal oxide semiconductors are widely recognized as prime materials for future energy technology along the low-carbon development path. Zinc oxide and gallium oxide, studied in the present thesis, promise highly efficient ...

We report a novel doping strategy for YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) superconducting films by using a positive mismatch, Ba2YNbO6 (BYNO), and a negative mismatch, LaAlO3 (LAO), simultaneously. Double doping can significantly reduce ...

The new Oslo Scintillator Array (OSCAR) has been commissioned at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory (OCL). It consists of 30 large volume (⌀ 3.5 × 8 inches) LaBr3(Ce) detectors that are used for 𝛾-ray spectroscopy. The response ...

Despite the quantum mechanical nature of the atomic nucleus, many important properties of nuclei and nuclear reactions can be well described by average statistical properties. Our knowledge of these properties does not ...

This article describes a curricular innovation designed to help students experience authentic physics inquiry with an emphasis on computational modeling and scientific communication. The educational design centers on a new ...

In his annus mirabilis, Albert Einstein published several important works that would strongly affect the future of physics. Among these was a work on Brownian motion – the random motion of small particles suspended in a ...

The nuclear level densities (NLDs) and the γ-ray strength functions (γSFs) of 153,155Sm have been extracted from (d,pγ) coincidences using the Oslo method. The experimental NLD of 153Sm is higher than the NLD of 155Sm, in ...

The Oslo method comprises a set of analysis techniques designed to extract nuclear level density and average -decay strength function from a set of excitation-energy tagged -ray spectra. Here we present a new software ...

Purpose: This study attempted to develop a method to measure the applied recursive filtration and to determine the noise reduction of four different fluoroscopic systems. The study also attempted to elucidate the importance ...

Grid cells are part of a widespread network which supports navigation and spatial memory. Stable grid patterns appear late in development, in concert with extracellular matrix aggregates termed perineuronal nets (PNNs) ...

Abstract When recording neural activity from extracellular electrodes, both in vivo and in vitro , spike sorting is a required and very important processing step that allows for identification of single neurons’ activity. ...

The Standard Model (SM) accounts for about 5 % of the known univers, and can not explain gravity, the hierarchy problem or the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the univers. Supersymmetry is a new symmetry which aim to bridge ...

Accurate descriptions of many-particle quantum systems subject to laser interactions can be found using real-time ab initio methods. Of these the arguably most popular and exact is the multi-configuration time-dependent ...

Renewable energy sources play a vital role in handling the increasing energy demand, as well as the aim to reduce carbon emissions. New materials for solar cell applications are being developed for this sole reason. The ...

We have used a combination of optical absorption and electrical conductivity measurements to study the effect of the main donor on small polarons in rutile TiO2 single crystals rendered n-type conductive by hydrogenation ...

Space weather can have adverse effects on technology, such as causing disturbances of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). As space weather effects on GNSS cannot be mitigated, it is of vital importance to develop ...

This study is aimed at increasing the performance and reliability of silicon-based heterojunction solar cells with advanced methods. This is achieved by a numerical electro-optical modeling and reliability analysis for ...

We theoretically analyze two setups of low-energy single-photon counters based on Josephson junctions (JJs). For this, we propose two simple and general models based on the macroscopic quantum tunneling formalism (MQT). ...

Purpose This study aimed to quantify the repeated oxygen deficits attained during intermittent endurance exercise by measuring oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and oxygen demand (V˙O2dem) throughout a simulated roller ski ...

Denne avhandlingen beskriver utviklingen og testingen til et heisesystem beregnet for automatisk overvåking av innsjøer. Motivasjonen bak oppgaven er å effektivisere overvåkingen av innsjøer, slik at dyrt og krevende ...

Spaceborn instruments such as the Langmuir probe are essential to understand our own ionosphere. In this dissertation we explore the behaviour of such instruments through computer simulations, and find that some of the ...

Although the space charge model is commonly used to explain the high grain boundary resistance in proton conducting yttrium-substituted BaZrO3, it fails in its simplest forms with factors 10–40 to fit experimental data ...

Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements are conducted onβ-Ga2O3thin-filmsimplanted with helium and hydrogen (H) to study the formation of the defect levelE∗2(EA=0.71 eV) during heat treatments under an applied ...

Self-diffusion of carbon (12C and 13C) and silicon (28Si and 30Si) in 4H silicon carbide has been investigated by utilizing a structure containing an isotope purified 4H-28Si12C epitaxial layer grown on an n-type (0001) ...

One of the most-important tools in modern science is the analysis of electromagnetic properties by spectroscopy. The various types of spectroscopy can be classified by the underlying type of interactions between energy and ...

Generative adversarial networks (GAN) have received much attention lately for its use with images and has been shown to be able to create extremely realistic images of different kinds of objects. Even though its use in ...

Naturfaglig kompetanse er viktig for både enkeltindivider og for det norske samfunnet, og engasjement og motivasjon er viktig for å styrke elevers naturfagskompetanse. I et stadig mer digitalisert samfunn er det derfor ...

Using first principles calculations based on density functional theory, we study the impact of hole doping on the magnetic and electronic properties of two dimensional PtS2. Although 2D PtS2 is intrinsically non-magnetic, ...

p-n homo- and heterojunctions are the cornerstones and defining technology of our society. Even though decades of knowledge have brought several improvements upon the transistors, LED diodes and other devices that build ...

Scaling behaviour of dynamically driven vortex avalanches in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−δ films deposited on tilted crystalline substrates has been observed using quantitative magneto-optical imaging. Two films with different ...

The intermittent dynamics of slow drainage flows in a porous medium is studied experimentally. This kind of two-phase flow is characterized by a rich burst activity and our setup allows us to characterize those bursts ...

This thesis is focused on three objectives. The first objective was to develop a method that allows automatic assessment of stem cell development conditions with the use of impedance spectroscopy and machine learning, the ...

Semiconducting materials are instrumental for the transition to a carbon-free society. Materials, such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) or gallium sesquioxide (Ga2O3) are promising for a number of applications in energy harvesting ...

Recent suggestions that hydrogen incorporation at the Ga(1) vacancy in β-Ga2O3 may have an impact on its electronic properties have led us to extend our earlier work on these defects. While our previous work provides strong ...

Objective To investigate the sensitivity of modified Look–Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) to measure changes in dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in water samples and to calculate sequence-specific relaxivity (r1m) ...

An important part of our understanding of brain tumours relies on our ability to assess the vascular function of the tumours. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC), and the novel method Vessel Architectural Imaging (VAI), ...

Anti-deuterons are a possible candidate for indirect detection of dark matter. In this thesis formation models of anti-deuterons are studied. The standard coalescence model and an empirically based cross-section model both ...

The scope of this thesis was to explore the applications of electron microscopy in the field of hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The fundamental understanding of HE is still lacking and requires some advanced approaches to ...

Sammendrag Livmorhalskreft er en alvorlig kreftform og rammer i større grad enn før unge kvinner. Strålebehandling av livmorhalskreft er krevende siden livmoren er svært mobil og man opplever store dag-til-dag variasjoner. ...

Centrality, which quantifies the importance of individual nodes, is among the most essential concepts in modern network theory. As there are many ways in which a node can be important, many different centrality measures ...

The performance of established and experimental BI-related parameters is evaluated for fresh vs. frozen-thawed detection.

The newly developed Nematic Bond Theory enables an efficient way of studying phases and phase transitions in classical frustrated magnets with Heisenberg interactions. We extend here the Nematic Bond Theory to hold for ...

Med innføringen av programmering i nye læreplaner for norsk skole, kommer det mange spørsmål om hvordan programmeringsaktiviteter skal planlegges og gjennomføres i fysikkfaget. Det er ennå ikke umiddelbart klart hva som ...

Particle computed tomography (pCT) is an emerging imaging modality that promises to reduce range uncertainty in particle therapy. The Bergen pCT collaboration aims to develop a novel pCT prototype based on the ALPIDE ...

System xc‐ (Sxc‐) has emerged as a new biological target for PET studies to detect oxidative and excitotoxic stress. Notably, applications have, thus far, been limited to tumour imaging although Sxc‐) may play a major role ...

Dette master‒prosjektet ble initiert for å etablere metodikk og erfaring med studier av sølvbaserte nanopartikler for antibakterielle formål rettet mot drikkevann. I første del av oppgaven ble Ag1‒x‒Ptx (x ≤ 0,15) nanopartikler ...

Overordnet mål i dette M. Sc prosjektet har vært å etablere nødvendig metodikk for å studere Ag+-oppløsningsprosessen av sølvbaserte nanopartikler i vann for antibakterielle formål. Mono- og bimetalliske nanopartikler med ...

We implement two different methods for solving many-body quantum mechanical systems from scratch, a variational Monte Carlo (VMC) method and a restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM). We explore a confined Bose-Einstein condensate ...

Most modeling in systems neuroscience has been descriptive where neural representations such as ‘receptive fields’, have been found by statistically correlating neural activity to sensory input. In the traditional physics ...

Significance: The cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) is an important indicator of brain function and pathology. Knowledge about its magnitude is also required for proper interpretation of the blood oxygenation ...

This thesis describes the development and test of electrodes and electrode setup for plantar bioimpedance measurements. Several electrodes of different sizes, geometry and materials were tested to find one suited for plantar ...

I denne oppgaven er forekomsten av fasescintillasjoner på GNSS-signaler over deler av Dronning Maud Land i Antarktis kartlagt, ved bruk av scintillasjonsmottakere på Troll stasjonen (geografiske koordinater: 72.0$^\circ$S, ...

En sammenligning mellom Oslo metoden og en videreuvikling av Wiedeking et al. sin ratio metode utføres for å teste validiteten av full spin populering ved nøytron bindingsenergien i (p,p) 144Nd reakjonen. I tillegg utføres ...

After the second Long-Shutdown at the Large Hadron Collider, improved resolution requirements for the tracking detectors of the High Energy Physics experiments demand a higher number of readout channels and more compact ...

In this thesis the effect of Autler-Townes splitting is revisited and the dynamics of a 2- and 3-level quantum systems, exhibiting this effect, is studied. This effect is a special case of the Stark effect, where the ...

We have used an unsupervised machine learning method called latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to thematically analyze all papers published in the Physics Education Research Conference Proceedings between 2001 and 2018. By ...

Writing and argumentation are critical to both professional physics and physics education. They are both necessary to the practices of professional science like paper writing and peer review, and are increasingly emphasized ...

Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements are conducted on β-Ga2O3 thin-films implanted with helium and hydrogen (H) to study the formation of the defect level E2 lowast (EA = 0.71 eV) during heat treatments under an ...

The silicon vacancy (VSi) in 4H-SiC is a room temperature single-photon emitter with a controllable high-spin ground state and is a promising candidate for future quantum technologies. However, controlled defect formation ...

We investigate the numerical stability of time-dependent coupled-cluster theory for many-electron dynamics in intense laser pulses, comparing two coupled-cluster formulations with full configuration interaction theory. Our ...

Combining information from several channels of the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU-UV) irradiance meter, one may determine the total ozone column (TOC) amount. A NILU-UV instrument has been deployed and operated ...

An all-oxide thermoelectric generator for high-temperature operation depends on a low electrical resistance of the direct p–n junction. Ca3Co4−xO9+δ and CaMnO3−δ exhibit p-type and n-type electronic conductivity, respectively, ...

Understanding the shapes of nanoparticles is an important interdisciplinary problem because particle shapes can affect their properties, functionality, and applications. Advances in nanoscale imaging probes have revealed ...

The present thesis makes a specific focus on the experimental study of the pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) in $^{124}$Sn and its evolution with increasing number of neutrons for the $^{116-119,121,122}$Sn and $^{124}$Sn ...

Concrete is the second most consumed product by humans, after water. However, the production of conventional concrete causes more than 5% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions and therefore there is a need for emission-reduced ...

This thesis designs a Gaussian pulse generator by the method of up-conversion with for use as a front end transmitter unit of an UWB-IR. The baseband pulse is generated using the delay elements (CTBV technique) but having ...

Polyphenolic molecules have become attractive building blocks for bioinspired materials due to their adhesive characteristics, capacity to complex ions, redox chemistry, and biocompatibility. For the formation of tannic ...