Electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are among the most important techniques for non-invasively studying cognition and disease in the human brain. These signals are known to originate from cortical ...

Indium gallium zinc oxides (IGZO) have been developed for thin-film transistor technologies. In this work, we analyze the fundamental properties of crystalline InGaZnO4, considering all possible Ga/Zn atomic distribution ...

This article describes a curricular innovation designed to help students experience authentic physics inquiry with an emphasis on computational modeling and scientific communication. The educational design centers on a new ...

The Standard Model (SM) accounts for about 5 % of the known univers, and can not explain gravity, the hierarchy problem or the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the univers. Supersymmetry is a new symmetry which aim to bridge ...

Accurate descriptions of many-particle quantum systems subject to laser interactions can be found using real-time ab initio methods. Of these the arguably most popular and exact is the multi-configuration time-dependent ...

This thesis is focused on three objectives. The first objective was to develop a method that allows automatic assessment of stem cell development conditions with the use of impedance spectroscopy and machine learning, the ...

Renewable energy sources play a vital role in handling the increasing energy demand, as well as the aim to reduce carbon emissions. New materials for solar cell applications are being developed for this sole reason. The ...

Space weather can have adverse effects on technology, such as causing disturbances of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). As space weather effects on GNSS cannot be mitigated, it is of vital importance to develop ...

This study is aimed at increasing the performance and reliability of silicon-based heterojunction solar cells with advanced methods. This is achieved by a numerical electro-optical modeling and reliability analysis for ...

We have used a combination of optical absorption and electrical conductivity measurements to study the effect of the main donor on small polarons in rutile TiO2 single crystals rendered n-type conductive by hydrogenation ...

Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements are conducted onβ-Ga2O3thin-filmsimplanted with helium and hydrogen (H) to study the formation of the defect levelE∗2(EA=0.71 eV) during heat treatments under an applied ...

Using first principles calculations based on density functional theory, we study the impact of hole doping on the magnetic and electronic properties of two dimensional PtS2. Although 2D PtS2 is intrinsically non-magnetic, ...

The intermittent dynamics of slow drainage flows in a porous medium is studied experimentally. This kind of two-phase flow is characterized by a rich burst activity and our setup allows us to characterize those bursts ...

Although the space charge model is commonly used to explain the high grain boundary resistance in proton conducting yttrium-substituted BaZrO3, it fails in its simplest forms with factors 10–40 to fit experimental data ...

Generative adversarial networks (GAN) have received much attention lately for its use with images and has been shown to be able to create extremely realistic images of different kinds of objects. Even though its use in ...

One of the most-important tools in modern science is the analysis of electromagnetic properties by spectroscopy. The various types of spectroscopy can be classified by the underlying type of interactions between energy and ...

Self-diffusion of carbon (12C and 13C) and silicon (28Si and 30Si) in 4H silicon carbide has been investigated by utilizing a structure containing an isotope purified 4H-28Si12C epitaxial layer grown on an n-type (0001) ...

p-n homo- and heterojunctions are the cornerstones and defining technology of our society. Even though decades of knowledge have brought several improvements upon the transistors, LED diodes and other devices that build ...

I denne oppgaven er forekomsten av fasescintillasjoner på GNSS-signaler over deler av Dronning Maud Land i Antarktis kartlagt, ved bruk av scintillasjonsmottakere på Troll stasjonen (geografiske koordinater: 72.0$^\circ$S, ...

Centrality, which quantifies the importance of individual nodes, is among the most essential concepts in modern network theory. As there are many ways in which a node can be important, many different centrality measures ...

Semiconducting materials are instrumental for the transition to a carbon-free society. Materials, such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) or gallium sesquioxide (Ga2O3) are promising for a number of applications in energy harvesting ...

The scope of this thesis was to explore the applications of electron microscopy in the field of hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The fundamental understanding of HE is still lacking and requires some advanced approaches to ...

Naturfaglig kompetanse er viktig for både enkeltindivider og for det norske samfunnet, og engasjement og motivasjon er viktig for å styrke elevers naturfagskompetanse. I et stadig mer digitalisert samfunn er det derfor ...

Recent suggestions that hydrogen incorporation at the Ga(1) vacancy in β-Ga2O3 may have an impact on its electronic properties have led us to extend our earlier work on these defects. While our previous work provides strong ...

An important part of our understanding of brain tumours relies on our ability to assess the vascular function of the tumours. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC), and the novel method Vessel Architectural Imaging (VAI), ...

Sammendrag Livmorhalskreft er en alvorlig kreftform og rammer i større grad enn før unge kvinner. Strålebehandling av livmorhalskreft er krevende siden livmoren er svært mobil og man opplever store dag-til-dag variasjoner. ...

Anti-deuterons are a possible candidate for indirect detection of dark matter. In this thesis formation models of anti-deuterons are studied. The standard coalescence model and an empirically based cross-section model both ...

Scaling behaviour of dynamically driven vortex avalanches in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−δ films deposited on tilted crystalline substrates has been observed using quantitative magneto-optical imaging. Two films with different ...

The performance of established and experimental BI-related parameters is evaluated for fresh vs. frozen-thawed detection.

Med innføringen av programmering i nye læreplaner for norsk skole, kommer det mange spørsmål om hvordan programmeringsaktiviteter skal planlegges og gjennomføres i fysikkfaget. Det er ennå ikke umiddelbart klart hva som ...

Particle computed tomography (pCT) is an emerging imaging modality that promises to reduce range uncertainty in particle therapy. The Bergen pCT collaboration aims to develop a novel pCT prototype based on the ALPIDE ...

Most modeling in systems neuroscience has been descriptive where neural representations such as ‘receptive fields’, have been found by statistically correlating neural activity to sensory input. In the traditional physics ...

The newly developed Nematic Bond Theory enables an efficient way of studying phases and phase transitions in classical frustrated magnets with Heisenberg interactions. We extend here the Nematic Bond Theory to hold for ...

We implement two different methods for solving many-body quantum mechanical systems from scratch, a variational Monte Carlo (VMC) method and a restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM). We explore a confined Bose-Einstein condensate ...

Objective To investigate the sensitivity of modified Look–Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) to measure changes in dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in water samples and to calculate sequence-specific relaxivity (r1m) ...

Overordnet mål i dette M. Sc prosjektet har vært å etablere nødvendig metodikk for å studere Ag+-oppløsningsprosessen av sølvbaserte nanopartikler i vann for antibakterielle formål. Mono- og bimetalliske nanopartikler med ...

Anomalous resistive and magnetic behavior of GdOH thin films, which belong to the novel class of materials known as oxyhydrides, is reported. The oxyhydrides contain hydrogen in its rare negatively-charged anion state in ...

Dette master‒prosjektet ble initiert for å etablere metodikk og erfaring med studier av sølvbaserte nanopartikler for antibakterielle formål rettet mot drikkevann. I første del av oppgaven ble Ag1‒x‒Ptx (x ≤ 0,15) nanopartikler ...

System xc‐ (Sxc‐) has emerged as a new biological target for PET studies to detect oxidative and excitotoxic stress. Notably, applications have, thus far, been limited to tumour imaging although Sxc‐) may play a major role ...

We theoretically analyze two setups of low-energy single-photon counters based on Josephson junctions (JJs). For this, we propose two simple and general models based on the macroscopic quantum tunneling formalism (MQT). ...

En sammenligning mellom Oslo metoden og en videreuvikling av Wiedeking et al. sin ratio metode utføres for å teste validiteten av full spin populering ved nøytron bindingsenergien i (p,p) 144Nd reakjonen. I tillegg utføres ...

Combining information from several channels of the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU-UV) irradiance meter, one may determine the total ozone column (TOC) amount. A NILU-UV instrument has been deployed and operated ...

The silicon vacancy (VSi) in 4H-SiC is a room temperature single-photon emitter with a controllable high-spin ground state and is a promising candidate for future quantum technologies. However, controlled defect formation ...

An all-oxide thermoelectric generator for high-temperature operation depends on a low electrical resistance of the direct p–n junction. Ca3Co4−xO9+δ and CaMnO3−δ exhibit p-type and n-type electronic conductivity, respectively, ...

Concrete is the second most consumed product by humans, after water. However, the production of conventional concrete causes more than 5% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions and therefore there is a need for emission-reduced ...

Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements are conducted on β-Ga2O3 thin-films implanted with helium and hydrogen (H) to study the formation of the defect level E2 lowast (EA = 0.71 eV) during heat treatments under an ...

We investigate the numerical stability of time-dependent coupled-cluster theory for many-electron dynamics in intense laser pulses, comparing two coupled-cluster formulations with full configuration interaction theory. Our ...

Hydrogen (H) is thought to be strongly involved in the light and elevated temperature-induced degradation observed predominantly in p-type silicon wafers, but the nature of the defect or defects involved in this process ...

Spaceborn instruments such as the Langmuir probe are essential to understand our own ionosphere. In this dissertation we explore the behaviour of such instruments through computer simulations, and find that some of the ...

Denne avhandlingen beskriver utviklingen og testingen til et heisesystem beregnet for automatisk overvåking av innsjøer. Motivasjonen bak oppgaven er å effektivisere overvåkingen av innsjøer, slik at dyrt og krevende ...

Purpose This study aimed to quantify the repeated oxygen deficits attained during intermittent endurance exercise by measuring oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and oxygen demand (V˙O2dem) throughout a simulated roller ski ...

This work experimented with using a custom instruction set extension for computing electron density from sensor data received from a multi-needle langmuir probe (m-NLP). Custom instructions were designed and implemented ...

Lungekreft er en den ledende årsak til at folk dør av kreft, dens behandling må ofte bli avbrutt på grunn av pneumoni. Pneumoni skaper en kronisk betennelse i lungene som gjør det umulig å behandle kreftsvulsten. Dette er ...

Rutheniumoksider har stort potensial innen utvikling av fremtidens teknologi, spesielt SrRuO3. SrRuO3 er et sjeldent tilfelle av et ferromagnetisk innskuddsmetalloksid, og kan føre til store teknologiske fremskritt innen ...

Recently, several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have reported time-of-day effects on brain structure and function. Due to the possibility that time-of-day effects reflect mechanisms of circadian regulation, the ...

Polyphenolic molecules have become attractive building blocks for bioinspired materials due to their adhesive characteristics, capacity to complex ions, redox chemistry, and biocompatibility. For the formation of tannic ...

A method to monitor the length of a particle bunch, based on the combination of a Radio Frequency Deflector (RFD) with magnetic focusing elements, is presented. With respect to state-of-the-art bunch length measurement, ...

Acoustic imaging allows the detection and localisation of sound sources in industrial applications. Commonly, acoustic imaging involves combining an array of microphones with a digital camera module. While the camera module ...

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with vascular risk and Alzheimer’s disease. In this study, we examined relations between WMH load and distribution, amyloid pathology and vascular risk in 339 controls ...

Main research findings An increasing number of brain scientists resort to computers and mathematics as tools to unravel the brain. Instead of studying hands-on experiments alone, computational neuroscientists make use of ...

Background The aim of this study was to investigate changes in structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to the RANO criteria and perfusion- and permeability related metrics derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced ...

The time it takes a student to graduate with a university degree is mitigated by a variety of factors such as their background, the academic performance at university, and their integration into the social communities of ...

Process conditions during catalytic reactions induce significant changes in surface chemistry and structure of bi- (mono) metallic nanoparticles leading to their deactivation, and this can ultimately affect the reactions ...

In this thesis the effect of Autler-Townes splitting is revisited and the dynamics of a 2- and 3-level quantum systems, exhibiting this effect, is studied. This effect is a special case of the Stark effect, where the ...

After the second Long-Shutdown at the Large Hadron Collider, improved resolution requirements for the tracking detectors of the High Energy Physics experiments demand a higher number of readout channels and more compact ...

The present thesis makes a specific focus on the experimental study of the pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) in $^{124}$Sn and its evolution with increasing number of neutrons for the $^{116-119,121,122}$Sn and $^{124}$Sn ...