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dc.date.accessioned2013-03-12T09:03:05Z
dc.date.available2013-03-12T09:03:05Z
dc.date.issued2009en_US
dc.date.submitted2009-03-09en_US
dc.identifier.citationVestreng, Vigdis. Evolution of NOx emissions in Europe with focus on road transport control measures. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physicsen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10852/12513
dc.description.abstractEuropean emission trends of nitrogen oxides since 1880 and up to present are presented here and are linked to the evolution of road transport emissions. Road transport has been the dominating source of NOx emissions since 1970, and contributes with 40% to the total emissions in 2005. Five trend regimes have been identified between 1880 and 2005. The first regime (1880-1950) is determined by a slow increase in fuel consumption all over Europe. The second regime (1950-1980) is characterized by a continued steep upward trend in liquid fuel use and by the introduction of the first regulations on road traffic emissions. Reduction in fuel consumption determines the emission trends in the third regime (1980-1990) that is also characterized by important differences between Eastern and Western Europe. Emissions from road traffic continue to grow in Western Europe in this period, and it is argued here that the reason for this continued NOx emission increase is related to early inefficient regulations for NOx in the transport sector. The fourth regime (1990-2000) involves a turning point for road traffic emissions, with a general decrease of emissions in Europe during that decade. It is in this period that we can identify the first emission reductions due to technological abatement in Western Europe. In the fifth regime (2000-2005), the economic recovery in Eastern Europe imposes increased emission from road traffic in this area. Western European emissions are on the other hand decoupled from the fuel consumption, and continue to decrease. The implementation of strict measures to control NOx emissions is demonstrated here to be a main reason for the continued Western European emission reductions. The results indicate that even though the effectiveness of European standards is hampered by a slow vehicle turnover, loopholes in the type-approval testing, and an increase in diesel consumption, the effect of such technical abatement measures is traceable in the evolution of European road traffic emissions over the last 15 years.nor
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsAttribution 3.0 Unported
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
dc.titleEvolution of NOx emissions in Europe with focus on road transport control measuresen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.date.updated2009-03-20en_US
dc.creator.authorVestreng, Vigdisen_US
dc.creator.authorNtziachristos, Leonidas
dc.creator.authorSemb, Arne
dc.creator.authorReis, Stefan
dc.creator.authorIsaksen, Ivar S A
dc.creator.authorTarrason, Leonor
dc.subject.nsiVDP::450en_US
cristin.unitcode152200en_US
cristin.unitnameGeofagen_US
dc.identifier.cristin356261en_US
dc.identifier.bibliographiccitationinfo:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics&rft.volume=9&rft.spage=1503en_US
dc.identifier.jtitleAtmospheric Chemistry And Physics
dc.identifier.volume9
dc.identifier.issue4
dc.identifier.startpage1503
dc.identifier.endpage1520
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-1503-2009
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:no-21647en_US
dc.type.documentTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.identifier.duo89818en_US
dc.type.peerreviewedPeer revieweden_US
dc.identifier.fulltextFulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/12513/1/89818_vestreng.pdf
dc.type.versionPublishedVersion


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